Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a shuga amadziwa ma syringe kapena insulin, chifukwa kupezeka kwa zida zothandizira odwala ndikofunikira. Ma syringes a insulini nthawi zonse amatayika ndipo samawoneka, omwe amawatsimikizira kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito. Zinthu zoterezi zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki wapadera, ndipo kumapeto kwa syringe kumakhala ndi singano zakuthwa.
Mukamasankha syringes ya insulini, muyeso wofunikira kwambiri ndiwowofanana nawo, womwe amawerengedwa ngati mtengo. Lingaliro lalikulu kwambiri muzochitika zotere ndi gawo logawika. Pansi pa sitepe (mtengo) wagawidwe uyenera kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwa kukula, komwe kumagwirizana ndi malo oyandikana. Mwanjira ina, ichi ndiye chinthu chochepa kwambiri chomwe chimatha kukokedwa mu syringe molondola kwambiri, ndipo 100% ikugunda.
Mulingo wamitundu ndi zolakwitsa
Ili pa sitepe, imatchedwa mtengo, kuchuluka kwa gawo la insulin kudzadalira kwathunthu kuthekera kwa kutulutsa bwino insulini, chifukwa cholakwika chilichonse pakayambitsa chinthucho chitha kubweretsa mavuto azaumoyo. Mlingo wa insulin wochepa kapena wowonjezera, umadumpha mu shuga wa wodwalayo amawonekera, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta za matendawa.
Ndikofunikira kuzindikira padera kuti cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa gawo la magawo a sikelo. Zikatero, zimapezeka kuti mtengo wogawika wa mayunitsi 2, gawo limodzi lokha (UNIT) limakhala theka.
Munthu wochepa thupi wodwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba amachepetsa shuga la magazi ake ndi 8.3 mmol / L. Ngati timalankhula za ana, amayankha insulin kuyambira nthawi ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu zolimba. Mulimonsemo, zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga mwa atsikana kapena amuna, mwa ana, zidzatsogolera pakufunika kokaphunzira ntchitoyi ndi syringe ya insulin.
Chifukwa chake, cholakwika cha kuchuluka kwa 0,25 kuchokera ku 100 chidzatsogolera kusiyana kosaneneka pakati pa shuga komanso hypoglycemia. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti aphunzire jekeseni wokwanira ngakhale waukulu Mlingo wa insulin, omwe 100% amavomerezedwa ndi adotolo.
Izi zitha kutchedwa imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri kuti thupi lanu likhalebe labwinobwino, ngati simumaganizira zofunikira komanso kutsatira mosamalitsa zakudya zamagulu owonjezera.
Kodi mungakwaniritse bwanji?
Pali njira ziwiri zophunzirira momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa insulini yofunika jakisoni:
- ikani ma syringe ndi gawo lochepera la muyeso, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mankhwalawa athe kumwa mankhwala molondola kwambiri;
- kuchepetsa insulin.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu apadera a insulin sikulimbikitsidwa kwa ana ndi iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a shuga a insulin
Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndizovuta kudziwa nthawi yomweyo momwe syringe yolondola iyenera kukhalira zonse. Choyambirira, sichiyenera kukhala ndi magawo opitilira 10, ndipo pamlingo wake uli ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri pafupifupi 0,25 PISCES. Kuphatikiza apo, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira yoti popanda zovuta zapadera ndizotheka kupatulira mlingo mu 1/8 UNITS ya chinthu. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yayitali komanso yopanda insulin.
Komabe, kupeza izi ndikovuta kwambiri, chifukwa ngakhale kumayiko ena zotere za ma syringe ndizosowa. Chifukwa chake, odwala akudwala syringes yomwe mumawadziwa bwino, mtengo wogawika ndi magawo awiri.
Ma syringe omwe ali ndi gawo logawa gawo lawo kukhala 1 unit mumakementi am'magazi ndi zovuta komanso zovuta kupeza. Ndi za Becton Dickinson Micro-Fine Plus Demi. Imakhala ndi mulingo wofotokozedwa momveka bwino ndi gawo lililonse logawikana ndi 0.25 PIECES. Kukula kwa chipangizochi ndi ma PIERES 30 pazomwe zili ndi insulin U-100.
Kodi masingano a insulin ndi ati?
Choyamba muyenera kufotokozera kuti singano zonse, zomwe zimayimiriridwa kupulogalamu yamapiritsi, ndizowala zokwanira. Ngakhale kuti opanga amapereka mitundu ingapo ya singano zama insulin, amatha kusiyanasiyana, ndipo amakhala ndi mitengo yosiyanasiyana.
Ngati tizingolankhula za singano zabwino kuti mupeze insulin kunyumba, ndiye iyenera kukhala yomwe imalola kuti chinthuchi chizilowetsedwa m'mafuta onunkhira. Njira iyi imapangitsa kuti apange jakisoni wabwino.
Jakisoni wozama kwambiri sayenera kuloledwa, chifukwa pamenepa jakisoni wa intramuscular amapezeka, yemwe 100% imapangitsa ululu. Kuphatikiza apo, zidzakhala zolakwika kupanga chodzikongoletsera pamakona oyenera, zomwe zingalole insulin kulowa mwachindunji. Izi zimapangitsa kusinthasintha kosadabwitsa mu shuga la munthu wodwala komanso kumakulitsa matenda.
Kuti atsimikizire kuyika bwino kwa chinthucho, opanga amapanga singano zapadera zomwe zimakhala ndi kutalika kwake komanso makulidwe. Izi zimapangitsa kuti sizitha kupatula zolakwika zolakwika muzochitika zambiri, kuphatikiza mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo.
Njira zoterezi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso osakhala ndi mapaundi owonjezera, amakhala ndi minofu yowonda kwambiri kuposa kutalika kwa singano yokhazikika ya insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, singano ya 12-13 mm siyabwino kwathunthu kwa ana.
Masingano amakono apamwamba kwambiri a syringe ya insulin amadziwika ndi kutalika kwa 4 mpaka 8 mm. Ubwino wawo woposa singano wamba ndikuti nawonso ndiwonda kwambiri komanso mulifupi, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwanira.
Ngati titha kuyankhula manambala, ndiye kuti singano ya insulin yakale kwambiri, kutalika kwa 0,4, 0,36, komanso 0,3 mm ndi yachilengedwe, ndiye kuti yofupikirako ndi kale mamilimita 0,3, 0,25 kapena 0,23. Singano yotereyi siyingatulutse zomverera zowawa, chifukwa zimapangitsa kupindika kukhala kovuta.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji singano yabwino?
Malangizo amakono posankha kutalika kwa singano amati siopitilira 6 mm. 4, 5 kapena 6 mm singano amatha kukhala oyenera pafupifupi magulu onse odwala, ngakhale iwo onenepa kwambiri.
Pogwiritsa ntchito singano zotere, palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsira khola. Ngati tikulankhula za akulu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti singano za kutalika uku zimapereka kayendetsedwe ka mankhwalawa pakona pafupifupi 90 kuchokera pa abale 100 mpaka pakhungu. Pali malamulo angapo:
- Iwo omwe amakakamizidwa kuti adzijoze mwendo, phazi lathyathyathya kapena mkono ayenera kupanga khola la khungu, ndipo mudzafunikanso kupanga punction pakona madigiri 45. Izi ndichifukwa choti zili m'zigawo izi za thupi zomwe minofu yaying'ono imakhala yocheperako komanso yocheperako.
- Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga sayenera kugula syringes ndi singano yoposa 8 mm, makamaka makamaka ikafika koyambirira kwamankhwala.
- Kwa ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata, ndibwino kusankha singano 4 kapena 5 mm. Pofuna kuti insulini isalowe m'matumbo, gulu ili la odwala liyenera kupanga khola la pakhungu lisanalowe, makamaka pogwiritsira ntchito singano yoposa 5 mm. Ngati ndi 6 mm, ndiye muzochitika zotere, jakisoni amayenera kupangidwira pakona 45 madigiri, osapanga crease.
- Tisaiwale kuti kuwawa kwa zomverera pakuwongolera kumadalira pakulimba ndi kukula kwa singano. Komabe, nkwanzeru kuganiza kuti singano yopyapyala yopanga singaberekenso chinthu chokhacho, chifukwa singano yotere imaphulika pakabayidwa.
Kupanga jakisoni popanda ululu ndizotheka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha singano zoonda komanso zapamwamba kwambiri ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira yapadera pakuwongolera insulin mwachangu, monga pachithunzichi.
Kodi singano yoperekera insulin ingatenge nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Aliyense wopanga ma syringe ndi singano za anthu odwala matenda ashuga amayesetsa kutulutsa jakisoniyo pawokha. Pazomwezi, malangizo a singano amawongola mwanjira yapadera mothandizidwa ndiukadaulo wamakono komanso wopita patsogolo, kuwonjezera apo, amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta apadera.
Ngakhale njira yovuta kwambiri yamalonda, kugwiritsa ntchito singano mobwerezabwereza kumapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke komanso kuzimitsa kwa penti yothira mafuta, sizigwira ntchito nthawi zana. Poona izi, jakisoni aliyense wotsatira wa mankhwala omwe amakhala pansi pakhungu amakhala wowonjezereka komanso owawa komanso ovuta. Nthawi iliyonse wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwonjezera mphamvu kuti singano ilowe pansi pakhungu, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wa kusokonezeka kwa singano komanso kuwonongeka kwake.
Palibe chovutanso kwambiri chomwe chingakhale kuvulaza kwakhungu pakhungu pogwiritsa ntchito masingano akhungu. Zilonda zoterezi sizingaoneke popanda kukulitsa kuwala. Kuphatikiza apo, mutagwiritsa ntchito singano yotsatira, nsonga yake imagwada kwambiri ndikuchita ngati mbedza, yomwe imang'amba minofu ndikuvulaza. Izi zimakakamiza nthawi iliyonse pambuyo pa jekeseni kuti abweretse singano pamalo ake oyambira.
Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito singano imodzi pakulowetsa insulin, mavuto pakhungu ndi minofu yolowerera amawonedwa, mwachitsanzo, izi zitha kukhala mapangidwe azisindikizo, zovuta zomwe zimabweretsa zimadziwika ndi aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga.
Kuti muwazindikire, ndikokwanira kufufuza mosamala ndikuyang'ana khungu, fufuzani ndi chithunzi. Nthawi zina, zowonongeka zowoneka sizioneka, ndipo kupezeka kwawo kungatheke pokhapokha ndikumva, pomwe palibe chitsimikizo cha 100%.
Zisindikizo pansi pa khungu zimatchedwa lipodystrophic. Amangokhala vuto la zodzikongoletsera, komanso chovuta kwambiri kuchipatala. Zimakhala zovuta kupaka insulin m'malo otere, omwe amachititsa kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino komanso kuti zisamayende mosiyanasiyana, komanso kulumpha ndi kusinthasintha kwa magazi m'thupi la wodwalayo.
M'malangizo aliwonse komanso pachithunzi cha syringe cholembera odwala matenda ashuga kumawonetsedwa kuti singano imayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi iliyonse mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, ambiri mwa odwala amangonyalanyaza lamuloli. Potere, njira pakati pa cartridge yokha ndi sing'anga imatseguka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ukhale wotayika komanso kutaya kwa insulini chifukwa chothira kwambiri pafupifupi 100%.
Kuphatikiza apo, njirayi imayambitsa kuchepa kwa kulondola kwa insulin dosing ndikuchulukitsa matenda. Ngati pali mpweya wambiri m'makatoni, ndiye kuti nthawi zina munthu amene ali ndi matenda ashuga salandila kupitilira 70 peresenti ya 100 ya mankhwalawo. Pofuna kupewa zoterezi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa singano masekondi 10 mutabayidwa insulin, monga chithunzichi.
Popewa mavuto azaumoyo ndi kudumphadumpha omwe ali ndi shuga odwala matenda a shuga, ndibwino kuti musalumphe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito singano yatsopano. Izi zitha kupewa kutsekeka kwa njira yokhala ndi makhosi a insulin, omwe sangalole kuti pakhale zotchinga zina kuti mulowe yankho.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ogwira ntchito zachipatala azisanthula nthawi ndi nthawi kwa wodwala wawo njira iliyonse yobweretsera insulin pansi pa khungu, komanso momwe malo omwe majekesowo adapangidwira. Ichi ndiye njira ina yopewera kuwonjezerera zizindikiro za matenda ashuga komanso kuvulala pakhungu la wodwalayo.
