Mawu akuti glycemia atha kutanthauziridwa kuti "magazi okoma." Mu terminology yamankhwala, mawuwa amatanthauza shuga. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wasayansi waku France wazaka za XIX a Claude Bernard.
Siyanitsani pakati pa glycemia wabwinobwino, wapamwamba kapena wotsika. Mkulu wokhala ndi glucose pafupifupi 3-3,5 mmol / L amadziwika kuti ndi wabwinobwino. Chizindikiro ichi chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika, apo ayi, kupatuka kwina kulikonse kungapangitse kuti ubongo ugwire ntchito molakwika.
Hypoglycemia imawonetsa shuga wochepa m'thupi. Mulingo wokwezeka wamankhwala umasonyezedwa ndi mawu akuti hyperglycemia. Kuchulukitsa kapena kuchepetsera izi kungapangitse zotsatira zosasintha mu thupi la munthu. Ngati shuga wampatuko wapatuka pachizolowezi, munthuyo amamva chizungulire komanso nseru, amatha kudziwa kapena akomoka.
Ngati gawo la glycemia ndilobwinobwino, thupi la munthu limagwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, munthuyo samadandaula za kukhala bwino, amalimbana ndi zovuta zilizonse mthupi.
Zizindikiro za Hyperglycemia
Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumaonekera mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kapena mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chodwala. Nthawi zina hyperglycemia imatha kuchitika, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi matenda ena.
Nthawi zambiri kukula kwa glycemia kumayambitsa kupsinjika kosalekeza, kudya zakudya zopezeka ndi mpweya wambiri, kudya kwambiri, komanso kukhala moyo wosungitsa. Zizindikiro zazikulu za glycemia zokhala ndi shuga wambiri zimaphatikizapo:
- kumangokhala ndi ludzu;
- kuyabwa kwa khungu;
- kukodza pafupipafupi;
- kuchepa thupi kapena kuwonda;
- kumangokhala wotopa;
- kusakhazikika.
Ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, kuchepa kwakanthawi kochepa kapenanso kukomoka kumatha kuchitika. Ngati, pakuyesa kwa shuga, adapezeka kuti mulingo wake umakwezedwa, izi sizikuwonetsa shuga.
Mwinanso awa ndi malire amalire omwe akuwonetsa kuphwanya malamulo mu dongosolo la endocrine. Mulimonsemo, glycemia yemwe ali ndi vuto la kusamba uyenera kuyesedwa.
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia
Kutsika kwa shuga kapena hypoglycemia kumakhala kovomerezeka kwa anthu athanzi akamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zomwe zili ndi mpweya wochepa. Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, kupezeka kwa hypoglycemia kumalumikizidwa ndi mlingo wosankhidwa bwino wa insulin, nthawi zina zimachitika.
Zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizodziwika bwino za hypoglycemia:
- kumverera kwanjala yayikulu;
- chizungulire cholimba;
- kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito;
- nseru
- kufooka kwa thupi limodzi ndi kugwedeza pang'ono;
- osasiya malingaliro a nkhawa ndi nkhawa;
- tuluka thukuta.
Nthawi zambiri, hypoglycemia imatsimikiziridwa mwachisawawa panthawi yoyeserera yotsatira labotale. Nthawi zambiri anthu omwe ali ndi hypoglycemia samalabadira zomwe akuwonetsa ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kudziwa kuchepa kwa shuga m'thupi. Ndi shuga wotsika kwambiri, munthu amatha kugwa.
Njira zodziwira shuga
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa glycemia pamankhwala amakono, njira ziwiri zazikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa shuga.
- Mayeso a kulolerana ndi glucose
Mtundu woyamba wa kusanthula ukuchokera pa kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glycemia wodwala m'magazi omwe atengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Magazi amachotsedwa chala cha munthu. Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yodziwira glycemia mwa anthu.
Glycemia wokwera sindiye nthawi zonse amangosonyeza munthu wodwala matenda a shuga. Nthawi zambiri, zowonjezera zowunikira zitha kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizire izi.
Kuti tiwonetsetse kuti matendawa ndi olondola, kuyezetsa magazi ena ambiri kwa shuga, titha kunena kuti uwu ndi mtundu wa kuyesedwa kwa matenda ashuga. Panthawi yoyesedwa, wodwalayo ayenera kupatula kwathunthu kumwa zakumwa zomwe zimakhudza maziko a mahomoni.
Kuti mupeze zambiri zodalirika, dokotala amapanganso mayeso ololera a glucose. Chomwe chimatsimikizira izi:
- Wodwalayo amayesa magazi am'mimba opanda kanthu;
- Atatha kusanthula, 75 ml imatengedwa. madzi osungunuka;
- Patatha ola limodzi, kuyezetsanso magazi kwachiwiri kumachitika.
Ngati mulingo wa glucose m'magazi uli m'magawo 7.8-10.3 mmol / l, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amatumizidwa kuti amupime mokwanira. Mlingo wa glycemia pamtunda wa 10,3 mmol / L umawonetsa kukhalapo kwa odwala matenda ashuga.
Chithandizo cha glycemia
Glycemia amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala. Amasankhidwa ndi dokotala munthawi iliyonse malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, zaka komanso kulemera kwa wodwalayo, komanso pazinthu zina zingapo. Komabe, chithandizo chingakhale chothandiza ngati munthu sasintha zizolowezi zake osasintha moyo wake.
Malo apadera pothandizira glycemia amapatsidwa zakudya. Wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi shuga wambiri m'thupi ayenera kudya mankhwala, mafuta okhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.
Onse omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia, zakudya ziyenera kuchitika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a 5-6 patsiku. Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala makamaka ndi mapuloteni komanso zakudya zovuta. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kudzaza thupi ndi mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Pochiza glycemia, anthu sayenera kuyiwala za kuyesetsa zolimbitsa thupi. Imatha kukhala njinga, kuthamanga kapena kukwera.
Glycemia kwa nthawi yayitali sangathe kudziwonetsa, komabe, akapezeka, ndikofunikira kuti ayambe kulandira mankhwalawa.
