Hypercholesterolemia, mkhalidwe womwe cholesterol yamagazi imakwezedwa, imaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazinthu zowopsa kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kubadwa kwa myocardial infaration. Chiwindi cha munthu chimatulutsa cholesterol yokwanira, chifukwa chake simuyenera kudya ndi chakudya.
Zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta zimatchedwa lipids. Lipids, imakhalanso ndi mitundu iwiri yayikulu - cholesterol ndi triglycerides, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi magazi. Kutumiza cholesterol m'mwazi kunali kuchita bwino, kumangiriza kumapuloteni. Cholesterol chotere chimatchedwa lipoprotein.
Lipoproteins ndi apamwamba (HDL kapena HDL), otsika (LDL) komanso otsika kwambiri (VLDL). Iliyonse ya iwo imawerengedwa poyesa chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ndi mtima. Mafuta ambiri amafuta a m'magazi amakhala ndi ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri. Amapereka cholesterol ku maselo ndi minyewa, kuphatikiza kudzera m'mitsempha yama mtima kumtima komanso pamwamba.
Cholesterol yomwe imapezeka mu LDL (low density lipoproteins) imachita mbali yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zolembera (kudzikundikira kwa mafuta) pazitseko zamkati mwa mitsempha. Nawonso, izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda amitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha ya m'mimba, komanso chiwopsezo cha kulowerera kwa myocardial pankhaniyi chikuchulukitsidwa.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake cholesterol ya LDL imatchedwa "yoyipa." Zikhalidwe za LDL ndi VLDL zimakwezedwa - ndi pomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima.
HDL (lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri) imanyamulanso cholesterol m'mwazi, koma pokhala gawo la HDL, chinthucho sichitenga nawo mbali popanga zigawo. M'malo mwake, ntchito ya mapuloteni omwe amapanga HDL ndikuchotsa cholesterol yowonjezera m'thupi lathu. Ndi mtundu uwu womwe umasankha dzina la cholesterol iyi: "chabwino."
Ngati miyambo ya HDL (milingo yapamwamba) yapamwamba m'magazi a anthu imakwezedwa, chiopsezo cha matenda amtima sichitha. Triglycerides ndi nthawi ina yamafuta. Mafuta ndi gwero lofunikira lamphamvu ndipo izi zimaganiziridwa mu HDL.
Mwa gawo, triglycerides amalowa mthupi ndi mafuta limodzi ndi chakudya. Ngati chakudya chopatsa mphamvu chochulukirapo, mafuta ndi mowa zilowa mthupi, ndiye kuti zopatsa mphamvu, ndizambiri kuposa zabwinobwino.
Pankhaniyi, kupanga kuchuluka kwa ma triglycerides kumayamba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakhudza HDL.
Triglycerides imatengedwera m'maselo ndi ma lipoprotein omwe omwe amapulumutsa cholesterol. Pali kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima ndi ma triglycerides ambiri, makamaka ngati HDL ili pansipa.
Zoyenera kuchita
- Ngati ndi kotheka, tengani pang'ono zakudya zamafuta m'zakudya. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi chakudya kumatsika mpaka 30%, ndipo kachigawo kakang'ono ka mafuta omwe amakhalapobe kumakhala kotsika ndi 7%, kusintha koteroko kudzakhala gawo lalikulu pokwaniritsa cholesterol yamagazi yabwinobwino. Sikoyenera kupatula mafuta pachakudya.
- Mafuta ndi mafuta okhazikika ayenera kusinthidwa ndi polyunsaturated, mwachitsanzo, mafuta a soya, mafuta a azitona, safflower, mpendadzuwa, chimanga. Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri zitha kuchepetsedwa. Amakweza mulingo wa LDL ndi VLDL wokwera kuposa gawo lina lililonse lazakudya. Nyama zonse, masamba (masamba a kanjedza ndi coconut) komanso mafuta a haidrojeni ndi mafuta okwanira.
- Osamadya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndimafuta a trans. Ali m'gulu la hydrogenated ndipo vuto lomwe ali nalo limakhala lalitali pamtima kuposa mafuta. Wopangayo akuwonetsa zonse zokhudzana ndi mafuta mu trans pamalonda.
Zofunika! Lekani kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol. Kuchepetsa kudya "cholesterol" yoyipa "(LDL ndi VLDL) m'thupi, ndikokwanira kukana mafuta ochulukirapo (makamaka mafuta odzaza).
Kupanda kutero, LDL idzakhala yapamwamba kwambiri kuposa yachilendo.
Zinthu zomwe cholesterol imakwezedwa:
- mazira
- mkaka wonse;
- crustaceans;
- ma mollus;
- ziwalo zanyama, makamaka chiwindi.
Kusanthula kumatsimikizira kuti kutsitsa cholesterol kumathandizira kuti munthu azidya fayilo.
Zomera za CHomera Zomera:
- kaloti;
- mapeyala
- maapulo
- nandolo
- nyemba zouma;
- balere;
- oats.
Ndikofunika kuti muchotse mapaundi owonjezera pa thupi ngati kulemera kwake kuli kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kwazonse. Ndi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri komwe cholesterol imakonda kukwezedwa. Ngati mungayesere kutaya makilogalamu 5-10, izi zimakhudzanso chisonyezo cha cholesterol ndikuwongolera mankhwalawa, monga akuwonetsa kuyezetsa magazi.
Chongani zomwe zalembedwazo zithandiza chida choyeza mafuta m'thupi.
Ntchito zolimbitsa thupi ndizofunikanso. Zimagwira ntchito yayikulu pakukhalabe ndi mtima wabwino. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuyamba kuthamanga, kuyendetsa njinga, kutenga kulembetsa ku dziwe losambira. Maphunziro akayamba, kuyezetsa magazi kulikonse kukuwonetsa kuti cholesterol sikukwezanso.
Ngakhale oyambira kukwera masitepe (okwera bwino) ndikukhala ndiulimi kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino mthupi lonse makamaka makamaka pakuchepetsa cholesterol.
Kusuta kuyenera kusiyidwa kamodzi kokha. Kuphatikiza apo chizolowezi chimavulaza mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, chimakwezeranso mafuta a cholesterol kuposa abwinobwino. Pambuyo pazaka 20 ndi kuposerapo, kuwunika kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kuyenera kutengedwa kamodzi pazaka zisanu.
Kodi kusanthula kumachitika bwanji?
Mbiri ya lipoprotein (komwe kumatchedwa kusanthula) ndi gawo la kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, HDL (high density lipoproteins), LDL, VLDL ndi triglycerides.
Kupanga zizindikirozo kukhala zofunikira, kusanthula kuyenera kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ndi zaka, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumasintha, mulingo udzachulukidwa mulimonse.
Njira imeneyi imawonekera makamaka mwa azimayi panthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, pali chikhalidwe chobadwa nacho cha hypercholesterolemia.
Chifukwa chake, sizopweteka kufunsa achibale awo za zomwe amalemba mu cholesterol (ngati kuwunika kotero kunachitika), kuti mudziwe ngati zizindikiro zonse zili pamwamba pa chizolowezi.
Chithandizo
Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol m'mwazi ndiwokwezeka, izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a mtima apite. Chifukwa chake, kuti akwaniritse kutsika kwa chizindikiro ichi mwa wodwala ndikupereka chithandizo cholondola, dokotala ayenera kuganizira zifukwa zonse, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:
- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- kusuta
- kupezeka kwa matenda a mtima mwa abale apafupi;
- zaka zodwala (amuna pambuyo pa 45, azimayi atatha zaka 55);
- HDL yachepa (≤ 40).
Odwala ena adzafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala, ndiye kuti, kusankha mankhwala omwe amachepetsa lipids yamagazi. Koma ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala, munthu sayenera kuyiwala pakuwona zakudya zoyenera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Masiku ano, pali mitundu yonse yamankhwala omwe amathandizira kuti pakhale metabolid yolondola. Chithandizo chokwanira chidzasankhidwa ndi dokotala - endocrinologist.
