Glycosylated hemoglobin ndi kuchuluka kwamwazi m'magazi omwe amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali. Glycohemoglobin wapangidwa ndi hemoglobin ndi glucose. Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated pansi pa kafukufuku umafotokoza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi molekyulu ya glucose.
- Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuyenera kuchitidwa mwa odwala matenda ashuga kuti azindikire matenda ashuga kwambiri momwe angathere komanso kupewa zovuta za matendawa. Katswiri wopanga zida wapadera amathandizira pamenepa.
- Komanso kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated imapezeka kuti iwongolere momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira. Wowunikira akuwonetsa izi monga gawo la kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin.
- Ndikofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga amvetsetse glycated hemoglobin. Amapangidwa ndikuphatikiza shuga ndi amino acid momwe ma enzyme kulibe. Zotsatira zake, shuga ndi hemoglobin amapanga mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated.
- Kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin kumadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala komwe kumakhalapo pamoyo wamaselo ofiira a magazi. Zotsatira zake, GH ikhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: HbA1a, HbAb, HbAc. Chifukwa chakuti shuga amakwezedwa m'matenda am'madzi am'magazi, kusintha kwa mankhwala a hemoglobin ndi glucose kumadutsa mwachangu, chifukwa chomwe GH imachulukana.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa maselo ofiira a hemoglobin ndi masiku 120. Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kungawonetse kuti wodwala ali ndi glycemia.
Chowonadi ndichakuti maselo ofiira amwazi amasunga kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a hemoglobin omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mamolekyu a glucose.
Pakadali pano, maselo ofiira amatha kukhala a mibadwo yosiyana, chifukwa chomwe, pakayesedwa magazi, nthawi ya ntchito zawo zofunika nthawi zambiri imafikira miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu.
Kuyang'anira chithandizo cha matenda ashuga
Anthu onse ali ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated, komabe, mu odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa chinthuchi kuli pafupifupi katatu. Pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamankhwala, pakatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated.
Poyerekeza ndi mayeso abwinobwino a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa m'magazi kumaonedwa kuti ndi kolondola, chifukwa kumathandizira kudziwa momwe wodwalayo alili kwa miyezi ingapo.
- Kuwunikaku kumathandizira kudziwa momwe chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chikugwirira ntchito. Monga lamulo, wophatikizira amachititsa kuyesa kwa magazi kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kuti awone mtundu wa mankhwalawa m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Ngati mayeso atapezeka kuti glycosylated hemoglobin akadakwezedwa, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kusintha kwa mankhwalawa a shuga.
- Kuphatikiza pa glycosylated hemoglobin amayeza kuti adziwe zovuta za matenda ashuga. Ngati wodwala ali ndi hemoglobin yokhala ndi glycosylated, izi zikuwonetsa kuti m'miyezi itatu yapitayi amakhala atadwala glycemia. Izi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zovuta matendawo.
- Malinga ndi madokotala, ngati wodwala matenda ashuga achulukitsa hemoglobin pakanthawi kochepa ndi 10 peresenti, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga retinopathy amachepetsa ndi 45 peresenti, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa khungu la odwala. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili ndikupanga kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi. Muzipatala zachinsinsi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera chotchedwa glycated hemoglobin analyzer.
- Komanso, kusanthula kumakonda kuperekedwa kwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera kuti adziwe matenda ashuga omwe amakhala nawo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zotsatira zoyesa zimakhala zosadalirika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi mwa amayi apakati, nthawi yofupika ya moyo wama cell ofiira, komanso kuchepa kwa thupi mthupi la mayi woyembekezera.
Kuyeza kwa Glycosylated Hemoglobin
Pofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa wodwala omwe ali ndi shuga, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - kuyeza magazi a shuga ndikuchita mayeso ololera a glucose.
Pakadali pano, chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuchuluka kapena kutsika nthawi iliyonse, kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya ndi zinthu zina, nthawi zina matenda a shuga sangapezeke. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zina, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumachitika, mwa zina,, chinthu chogwiritsa ntchito chosinkhira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngakhale kuti kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin ndikuphunzira kolondola kwambiri, ndi njira yodula kwambiri, motero sikuchitika m'mabotore onse.
Pakusanthula shuga m'magazi, wodwala amatenga 1 ml ya magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kupita m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Maphunziro amtunduwu samavomerezeka ngati wodwala atamuika magazi pambuyo pochita opaleshoni, chifukwa zotsatira zake zingakhale zolondola.
Kuphatikiza pa mayeso a labotale, kuyezetsa magazi kwa mulingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin kutha kuchitika kunyumba, ngati pali chipangizo chosanthula chapadera.
Zipangizo zoterezi tsopano zimapezeka ndi akatswiri ambiri azachipatala ndi zipatala zamankhwala. Pulogalamuyo imakulolani kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwake kwa mphindi zingapo hemoglobin m'magawo onse obisika komanso amizimba, magazi athunthu.
Glycated hemoglobin
Mlingo wa hemoglobin ndi 4-6,5% ya kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, chizindikirochi nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeka kawiri mpaka katatu. Pakuwongolera glycosylated hemoglobin, zoyeserera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchepetse shuga la wodwalayo. Pokhapokha pokhapokha, wodwala amakhala ndi zizindikiro.
Kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse, kusanthula nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakatha masabata asanu ndi limodzi. Pofuna kuti musapite ku chipatala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wopangirayo poyambitsa phunzirolo. Mukakhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso chithandizo chofunikira, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumafika pamwezi umodzi ndi theka pambuyo pomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'maphunziro kuthe.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ngati mulingo wa hemoglobin wophunziridwa uwonjezereka ndi gawo limodzi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera ndi 2 mmol / lita. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa 4.5-6,5 peresenti kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi a 2.6-6.3 mmol / lita.
Muzochitika pamene index ya glycosylated hemoglobin ikukwera mpaka 8 peresenti, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi ndiwokwera kuposa zomwe zimachitika ndipo ndi 8.2-10.0 mmol / lita. Potere, wodwala amafunika kuwongolera zakudya komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
Ngati chizindikirocho chikuwonjezeka mpaka 14 peresenti, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndipo 13-16 mmol / lita, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndizofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndipo zimayambitsa zovuta.
