Odwala ozindikira omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadziwa kufunika kodziyimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi: kupambana kwa chithandizo, thanzi lawo, komanso chiyembekezo chodzakhala ndi moyo wina popanda zovuta zowopsa zimatengera izi.
Motere, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa miyezo ndi kusiyana muzotsatira zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ma glucometer osiyanasiyana.
Nkhani yathu iyankha mafunso awa.
Wodwala ndi dotolo pang'ono
Malinga ndi chikalata chovomerezeka "Algorithms for Specialised Medical Care for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus of the Russian Federation", kudziyang'anira pawokha ndi glycemia ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo chamankhwala, chosafunikira kuposa kudya koyenera, masewera olimbitsa thupi, hypoglycemic ndi insulin. Wodwala wophunzitsidwa ku Sukulu ya Matenda a shuga amamuwona ngati wokonzekera nawo gawo lonse pofufuza njira ya matendawa, monga dokotala.
Kuti muthane ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi glucometer yodalirika kunyumba, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, awiri pazifukwa zotetezeka.
Magazi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe glycemia
Mutha kudziwa shuga wanu wamagazi ndi venous (kuchokera ku Vienna, monga dzinalo limatchulira) ndi capillary (kuchokera ku ziwiya zala kapena mbali zina za thupi) magazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale atakhala kuti mpanda, kusanthula kumachitika mwina magazi athunthu (ndi zida zake zonse), kapena m'magazi amwazi (gawo lamadzimadzi magazi omwe ali ndi mchere, mchere, glucose, mapuloteni, koma osakhala ndi leukocytes, maselo ofiira am'magazi ndi mapulateleti).
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?
Magazi magazi amatuluka kuchokera ku zimakhala, motero, kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwake kumakhala kotsika: kuyankhula mosamala, gawo la glucose limatsalira mu minofu ndi ziwalo zomwe adazisiya. A magazi a capillary ndi ofanana ndi ma arterial, omwe amangopita kumankhwala ndi ziwalo ndipo amakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira ndi michere, chifukwa chake mumakhala shuga wambiri.
Mu magazi athunthu mulingo wa shuga ndi wotsika chifukwa umachepetsedwa ndi maselo ofiira a shuga a shuga, ndipo mu plasma pamwambapa, chifukwa ilibe maselo ofiira a magazi ndi zinthu zina zotchedwa mawonekedwe.
Mwazi wamagazi
Malinga ndi WHO miyezo ya 1999-2013, yomwe ikugwira ntchito panthawi yomwe adalemba (February, 2018), muyezo wama glucose ndi awa:
Zofunika! Ku Russia, mwalamulo, miyezo ya shuga yamagazi amawerengedwa pamaziko a chizindikiro cha capillary.
Momwe ma glucose mita amawerengedwa
Ambiri mwa mayeso amakono a glucose amakono ogwiritsira ntchito nyumba amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magazi a capillary, komabe, mitundu ina imapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi magazi a capillary, ndi ena - a capillary plasma. Chifukwa chake, pogula glucometer, choyamba, onani mtundu wa kafukufuku womwe chida chanu chimachita.
Pali muyezo wapadziko lonse womwe ungathandize kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi athunthu kukhala ofanana ndi plasma ndi mosemphanitsa. Pazomwezi, mgwirizano wokhazikika wa 1.12 umagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Tembenukani kuchokera ku magazi athunthu kukhala plasma
Monga tikumbukirira, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kokulirapo, chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze shuga m'magazi, muyenera kuwerenga kuwerenga kwa glucose m'magazi athunthu ndikuwachulukitsa ndi 1.12.
Mwachitsanzo:
Chida chanu chimawerengera magazi athunthu ndikuwonetsa 6.25 mmol / L
Mtengo wa plasma udzakhala motere: 6.25 x 1.12 = 7 mmol / l
Sinthani kuchokera ku plasma kukhala magazi athunthu
Ngati mukufunikira kutanthauzira kuchuluka kwa magawo a plasma m'magazi a capillary, muyenera kutenga zowerengera za shuga mu plasma ndikuzigawa ndi 1.12.
Mwachitsanzo:
Chida chanu chimawerengeredwa ndi plasma ndipo chikuwonetsa 9 mmol / L
Mtengo wa plasma udzakhala motere: 9: 1.12 = 8, 03 mmol / L (wozungulira mpaka zana)
Zolakwika zovomerezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito mita
Malinga ndi GOST ISO yomwe ilipo, zolakwika zotsatirazi ndizololedwa pakugwirira ntchito kwa nyumba zamagazi glucose:
- ± 15% yazotsatira zazikulu kuposa 5.55 mmol / L
- ± 0,83 mmol / L pazotsatira zosaposa 5.55 mmol / L.
Ndizodziwika kuti kupatuka uku sikugwira ntchito yayikulu pakuwongolera matendawa ndipo sikukhudza zovuta za thanzi la wodwalayo.
Tikukhulupiliranso kuti kusintha kwa zinthu, osati kuchuluka kwake, ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika shuga m'magazi a wodwala, pokhapokha ngati ndizofunika kwambiri. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi shuga kapena yotsika kwambiri, amafunika kufunsa thandizo kuchokera kwa madokotala omwe ali ndi zida zowerengera zogwiritsira ntchito.
Kodi ndingapeze kuti magazi a capillary
Ma glucometer ena amakulolani kuti mutenge magazi kuchokera zala zanu zokha, pomwe akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zala zam'maso chifukwa zala zina ndi zina. Zida zina zimakhala ndi zipewa zapadera za AST zotenga magazi kuchokera kwina.
Chonde dziwani kuti ngakhale zitsanzo zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi zimakhala zosiyana pang'ono chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kugaya kwa shuga. Pafupi kwambiri ndi zisonyezo za magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera ku zala, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zofunikira, ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimapezeka m'manja ndi m'manja. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a kumbuyo, mkono, phewa, ng'ombe.
Chifukwa chiyani ma glucometer ndi osiyana
Ngakhale kuwerenga kwa mitundu yofananira ya ma glucometer a omwewo amapanga mwina akhoza kusiyana mkati mwolakwika, zomwe tafotokozazi, ndipo tinganene chiyani pazida zosiyanasiyana! Zitha kuwerengedwa zamitundu mitundu ya zoyeserera (magazi athunthu kapena plasma). Ma labotala azachipatala amathanso kukhala ndi zida zowerengera ndi zolakwika zina kuwonjezera pa chipangizo chanu. Chifukwa chake, sizikupanga nzeru kuyang'ana kuwerenga kwa chipangizo chimodzi powerenga china, ngakhale chofanana, kapena labotale.
Ngati mukufuna kutsimikizira kulondola kwa mita yanu, muyenera kulumikizana ndi labotale yapadera yovomerezedwa ndi Russian Federal Standard pamakina opanga chipangizo chanu.
Ndipo tsopano zambiri pazifukwa kuwerenga kosiyana kwambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma glucometer ndipo amawerenga zolakwika zamakono. Zachidziwikire, zidzakhala zofunikira pokhapokha ngati zida zikugwira ntchito molondola.
- Zisonyezo za shuga zomwe zimayesedwa nthawi yomweyo zimadalira momwe chipangizocho chimapangidwira: magazi athunthu kapena plasma, capillary kapena venous. Onetsetsani kuti mwawerengera mosamala malangizo azida zanu! Talemba kale za momwe mungasinthire kuwerenga konse kwa magazi kukhala madzi a m'magazi kapena mosinthanitsa.
- Kusiyanitsa kwa nthawi pakati pa zitsanzo - ngakhale theka la ola limakhala ndi gawo. Ndipo ngati, titi, mudatenga mankhwala pakati pa zitsanzo kapena ngakhale asanakhalepo, ndiye kuti amathanso kukhudza zotsatira za muyeso wachiwiri. Kutha kuchita izi, mwachitsanzo, ma immunoglobulins, levodopa, kuchuluka kwa ascorbic acid ndi ena. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito, monga chakudya, ngakhale zazing'ono.
- Madontho omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana a thupi.. Ngakhale kuwerenga kwa zitsanzo kuchokera chala ndi kanjedza kumakhala kosiyana pang'ono, kusiyana pakati pa zitsanzo kuchokera pa chala ndikuti, dera la ng'ombe ndi lamphamvu kwambiri.
- Kusasamalira malamulo aukhondo. Simungatenge magazi kuchokera kumiyeso yonyowa, chifukwa ngakhale madzi otsalira amakhudzana ndi kuphatikizika kwa magazi kwa dontho la magazi. Ndizothekanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kupukuta mowa kuti apewe mankhwala pamalowo, wodwalayo samadikirira mpaka mowa utasowa, womwe umasinthanso kapangidwe ka magazi.
- Zocheperako. Choyambitsanso chosinthika chidzakhala ndi zotsatira za zitsanzo zam'mbuyomu ndipo "chidzaipitsa" chatsopano.
- Manja ozizira kapena malo ena opumira. Kuwonongeka kwa magazi kosafunikira pamalo opangira magazi kumafunikanso kuyeserera pakufinya magazi, omwe amadzaza ndi madzi ochulukirapo a cellellular ndiku "amawonjezera". Ngati mutenga magazi m'malo awiri osiyanasiyana, kubwezeretsa magazi kuchokera kwa iwo koyamba.
- Dontho lachiwiri. Mukamatsatira upangiri woyesa magazi kuchokera dontho lachiwiri la magazi, kufufuta koyambirira ndi thonje la thonje, izi sizingakhale zoyenera pa chipangizo chanu, chifukwa pali plasma yochulukirapo kutsika kwachiwiri. Ndipo ngati mita yanu itayatsidwa ndi magazi a capillary, imawonetsa mphamvu zochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi kachipangizo kogwiritsa ntchito shuga m'magazi - mu chipangizocho muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito dontho loyamba la magazi. Ngati munagwiritsa ntchito dontho loyamba pa chipangizo chimodzi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito lachiwiri kuchokera pamalo omwewo kuti mupange lina - chifukwa cha magazi owonjezera pa chala chanu, kapangidwe kake kasinthanso mothandizidwa ndi mpweya, womwe ungasokoneze zotsatira zoyeserera.
- Kuchuluka kwa magazi. Glucometer yoyesedwa ndi magazi a capillary nthawi zambiri imazindikira kuchuluka kwa magazi pomwe malo opumira akhudza mzere wa mayeso. Pankhaniyi, gawo loyeserera "limayamwa" dontho la magazi ofunikira. Koma zida zakale zidagwiritsidwa ntchito (ndipo mwina imodzi mwanu yokha yomwe) yomwe imafuna kuti wodwalayo azikhetsa magazi pa mzere ndikuwongolera voliyumu - kunali kofunikira kuti dontho linali lalikulu, ndipo panali zolakwika pakufufuza dontho laling'ono kwambiri . Pozindikira njira yodziwunikira, wodwalayo amatha kupotoza zotsatira za kuwunika kwa chida chatsopano ngati zikuwoneka kuti magazi ochepa ayikidwa mu mzere wa mayeso, ndipo "akumba" chinthu chomwe sichofunikira kwenikweni.
- Kuwaza magazi. Tikubwereza: m'magulu amakono ambiri, zingwe zoyeserera zimayamwa magazi okha, ngati mukufuna kupaka magazi ndi iwo, mzere woyeserera suyamwa magazi oyenera ndipo kuwunikira sikungakhale kolondola.
- Chida kapena zida sizolakwika. Kuti athetse cholakwika ichi, wopangayo amakopa chidwi cha odwala pakufunika kutsata zowunikira pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta ndi mzere.
- Pazida zoyeserera chimodzi mwa zida zinali zinthu zosungidwa zasungidwa. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe zimasungidwa m'malo otentha kwambiri. Kusungidwa kolakwika kumathandizira kuti kusokonekera kwa reagent, kumene, komwe, kupotoze zotsatira za kafukufukuyu.
- Moyo wa alumali wazida zopangira zatha. Vuto limodzimodzi ndi reagent tafotokozazi limachitika.
- Kuwunika kumachitika pa Malo osavomerezeka azachilengedwe. Mikhalidwe yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito mita ndi iyi: kutalika kwa mtunda sikuposa 3000 m pamwamba pa nyanja, kutentha kumatentha madigiri 10-40 Celsius, chinyezi ndi 10-90%.
Chifukwa chiyani ma labotale ndi glucometer zizindikiro ndizosiyana?
Kumbukirani kuti lingaliro la kugwiritsa ntchito manambala kuchokera ku labotale yokhazikika kuti mupeze mita ya shuga kunyumba sikulondola. Pali ma labotale apadera omwe amayang'ana magazi anu a shuga.
Zambiri mwazosiyana mu ma laboratori ndi mayeso apakhomo ndizofanana, koma pali kusiyana. Timasankha zazikulu:
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazowerengera zida. Kumbukirani kuti zida mu labotale komanso kunyumba zitha (ndipo mwina zitha) kuwongolera mitundu yamagazi - venous and capillary, whole and plasma. Kuyerekeza izi ndi zolakwika. Popeza kuchuluka kwa glycemia ku Russia kumatsimikiziridwa ndi magazi a capillary, umboni wa ma laboratori omwe ali pazotsatira pamapepala atha kusinthidwa kukhala mulingo wamagazi amtunduwu pogwiritsa ntchito kokwanira 1.12 yomwe tikudziwa kale. Koma ngakhale mu nkhaniyi, kusiyana pakati ndizotheka, popeza zida zama labotale ndizolondola kwambiri, ndipo cholakwika chovomerezeka chamalamulo a nyumba ndi 15%.
- Nthawi zosiyanasiyana zosintha magazi. Ngakhale mutakhala pafupi ndi labotale ndipo pasanathe mphindi 10, kuyesaku kumachitikabe ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana komanso kwakuthupi, komwe kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
- Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zaukhondo. Kunyumba, mumakhala kuti mwasamba m'manja ndi sopo ndikuwuma (kapena simumauma), pomwe labotale imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Kuyerekeza kusanthula kosiyanasiyana. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni kuyesa kwa hemoglobin kwa glycated komwe kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi 3-4 yapitayi. Inde, sizikupanga nzeru kuyerekezera ndi kusanthula kwamakono zomwe metres yanu ikuwonetsa.
Momwe mungayerekezere zotsatira za labotale ndi zapakhomo
Musanayerekeze, muyenera kudziwa momwe zida zimapangidwira mu labotale, zotsatira zake zomwe mukufuna kufananitsa ndi zanu, ndikusamutsa manambala manambala omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito momwe mita yanu imagwirira ntchito.
Pakuwerengera, tikufunika kokwanira ka 1.12, komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa, komanso 15% ya cholakwika chovomerezeka pakugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mita ya shuga m'magazi.
Mafuta a glucose anu amakhala ndi magazi athunthu ndi ma protein a plasma anu
Mafuta a glucose anu amayesedwa ndi plasma yonse ndikuwunikiranso gawo lanu lonse la magazi
Mamita anu ndi labu zimayesedwa chimodzimodzi.
Pankhaniyi, kutembenuka kwa zotsatira sikofunikira, koma sitiyenera kuyiwala za ± 15% ya zolakwika zovomerezeka.
Ngakhale m'mphepete mwa cholakwika ndi 15% yokha, kusiyana kwake kumatha kuwoneka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti zida zawo zapakhomo sizolondola, ngakhale sichoncho. Ngati mutayambiranso, mukaona kuti kusiyana kwakupitilira 15%, muyenera kulumikizana ndi wopanga wanu kuti mupeze upangiri ndikukambirana kufunika koti musinthe chida chanu.
Zomwe zimayenera kukhala mita ya shuga m'magazi
Tsopano popeza tazindikira zifukwa zomwe zimasiyanirana pakati pa kuwerenga kwa ma glucometer ndi ma labotale, mwina mungakhale ndi chidaliro mwa othandizira awa othandizira kunyumba. Kuti muwonetsetse kulondola kwa miyezo, zida zomwe mumagula ziyenera kukhala ndi ziphaso zoyeserera ndi chitsimikizo cha wopanga. Kuphatikizanso apo, yang'anani izi:
- Zotsatira zake
- Zingwe zazing'ono zokulirapo
- Kukula kwa mita yabwino
- Kusankha zowerengera pazowonetsedwa
- Kutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glycemia m'malo ena kupatula chala
- Kukumbukira kwa chipangizo (ndi deti ndi nthawi ya zitsanzo za magazi)
- Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mita ndi kuyesa mizera
- Kusankha kosavuta kapena kusankha kwa zida, ngati kuli kotheka, lowetsani kachidindo
- Kuyeza kolondola
Mitundu yodziwika kale ya glucometer ndi zatsopano zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe.
- Mwachitsanzo, mita magazi a shuga Satellite Express.
Chipangizochi chimawerengeredwa ndi magazi athunthu ndipo amawonetsa zotsatira pambuyo pamasekondi 7. Dontho la magazi limafunikira laling'ono kwambiri - 1 μl. Kuphatikiza apo, imasunga zotsatira zaposachedwa 60. Mametera ofotokoza satellite ali ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri wamizeremizere ndi chitsimikizo chopanda malire.
2. Glucometer One Touch Select® Plus. 
Kuwonongeka ndi madzi am'magazi ndikuwonetsa zotsatira pambuyo masekondi 5. Chipangizocho chimasunga zotsatira zaposachedwa 500 zaposachedwa. One Touch Select® Plus imakupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze malire a m'munsi komanso otsika a shuga m'magawo anu, poganizira kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Chizindikiro chautoto wamitundu itatu chimangowonetsa ngati magazi anu ali mgulu kapena ayi. Chithunzicho chimaphatikizapo cholembera chosavuta kuboola komanso chida chosungira ndi kunyamula mita.
3. Zatsopano - glucose mita Accu-Chek Performa.
Imasungidwanso ndi plasma ndikuwonetsa zotsatira pambuyo masekondi 5. Ubwino wake ndiwakuti Accu-Chek Performa sifunikira zolemba ndikuwakumbutsa za kufunika kochulukirapo. Monga mtundu wam'mbuyomu mndandanda wathu, imakhala ndi kukumbukira kwa miyezo 500 ndi malingaliro apakati pa sabata, masabata awiri, mwezi ndi miyezi itatu. Kusanthula kumafuna dontho la magazi a 0,6 μl chabe. Reg. kumenyedwa N. FSZ 2008/01306
Pali zotsutsana. Musanagwiritse ntchito, funsani katswiri.
