Tinakambirana ndi Olga Demicheva, membala wa European Association for the Study of Diabetes, endocrinologist wazaka 30 zakubadwa, chifukwa chake chidwi cha matenda ashuga ndichofunika kwambiri, kuvulaza komwe abale ake omwe akufuna kuthandiza, ndi mafunso ovuta kwambiri a odwala angayambitse. , komanso wolemba mabuku odziwika bwino pamatenda a endocrine system.
Matenda a shuga.org: Olga Yuryevna, kodi ungapangire chithunzi cha wodwala wamba yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga?
Olga Demicheva: Matenda a shuga ayamba kuchuluka, odwala akuchulukirachulukira. Choyamba, izi, zimagwira ntchito ku T2DM, komanso zochitika za T1DM zawonjezekanso. Chochititsa chidwi, matenda ashuga, mosiyana ndi matenda ena amtundu wa endocrine, alibe njira yotchulira, yomwe ndi nkhope. Awa ndi anthu osiyana kwambiri, osiyana kwathunthu wina ndi mnzake. Zinalidi kale komanso lero. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ife, madotolo, tiyenera kukhala ndi chidwi ndi matenda ashuga nthawi iliyonse odwala akabwera kwa ife kuti apatsane nthawi. Kuyang'ana glucose wanu wamagazi ndikosavuta, mwachangu, komanso wotsika mtengo. Mavuto ambiri amatha kupewedwa ngati matenda ashuga "agwidwa" pachiwonetsero, mavuto asanachitike. Tsopano zimamveka osati kokha ndi madokotala, komanso ndi odwala. Chifukwa chake, pa phwando nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu omwe amafunafuna magazi ndipo adziwa kuti ali pamwamba pazabwino.
Matenda a shuga.org: Kodi pali kusiyana mu momwe DM 2 imachitikira mwa abambo ndi amayi?
O.D. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kumachitika mu nyengo ya shuga mwa anyamata ndi atsikana, abambo ndi amayi. Koma pali zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira. Mwachitsanzo, kusinthasintha kwa shuga wamagazi komwe kumakhudzana ndi kusamba kwa msambo kwa akazi azaka za kubereka. Kapena, mwachitsanzo, chiwopsezo cha erectile dysfunction kwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo oyendetsedwa bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, pali matenda a shuga, omwe amapezeka mwa akazi okha. Kodi ndi matenda ashuga kapena matenda ashuga apakati. Mwa njira, zinakhalanso zochulukirapo kuposa kale. Mwinanso izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chidwi chachipatala komanso kuzindikira kwakadali pano, komanso mwina chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwonjezeka kwa zaka zapakati pa azimayi oyembekezera.
Matenda a shuga.org: Olga Yurievna, Mwakhala mukugwira ntchito monga endocrinologist kwazaka zambiri, omwe odwala omwe mukukangana nawo kwambiri ndi chifukwa chiyani?
O.D. Sizovuta kuti ndigwire ntchito ndi odwala. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta ndi abale awo. Hyperopec kwa makolo kapena mnzawo wachikondi amatha kuphwanya chilimbikitso cha wodwalayo kuti azitsatira malangizo a chithandizo ndi moyo, zimamupangitsa kuti afune kuwononga nthawi yomwe madokotala amawonetsa, kusintha kosintha kwa matenda ake kwa wokondedwa wake. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa chithandizo.
Matenda a shuga.org: Ndi mtundu wanji wa chithandizo, mu lingaliro lanu, chomwe chikufunika kwa makolo a ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso ana omwe atopa mwamakhalidwe pakufunika kuwunika nthawi zonse shuga?
O.D. Mwana akakhala ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuti asasinthe nkhaniyi kukhala vuto la banja. Ndi matenda a shuga, tsopano mutha kukhala mosangalala kuyambira kale, pafupifupi moyo wofanana ndi anthu ena. Kuwongolera shuga m'magazi athu masiku ano kwakhala kosavuta kwambiri kuposa zaka zingapo zapitazo. Glucometer idawonekera, sensa yomwe imalumikizidwa pakhungu ndipo mkati mwa masabata awiri mutha kuwerenga zidziwitso kuchokera pamenepo pogwiritsa ntchito foni ya smartphone nthawi iliyonse; ndiye sensor yatsopano imakhudzidwa kwa masabata 2 otsatira ndi zina.
Matenda a shuga.org: Nanga bwanji ngati mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1 safuna kupita ku sukulu yaukapolo? Kodi pali njira iliyonse yolumikizirana ndi dongosolo la maphunziro?
O.D. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba a shuga ayenera kuvomerezedwa kumalo osamalira ana, masukulu, ndi masewera. Palibe tsankho lovomerezeka. Ngati kusamvana kwa atsogoleri a mabungwe a ana kuli kopanda lamulo, muyenera kulumikizana ndi Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo kapena Maphunziro; Mutha kufunsanso thandizo mdera lomwe lili ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga.
Matenda a shuga.org: Momwe mungathandizire ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 kuti asinthane ndi sukulu? Kodi mungalimbikitse makolo anu kuchita chiyani?
O.D. Makolo ayenera kubwereza ndi mwana wawo malamulo omwe amaphunzira ku Sukulu ya Matenda a shuga: musafe ndi njala; lingalirani kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe amadya musanabayire insulin yayifupi; kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulini ndikudya pa nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chachikulu ndichakuti musachite manyazi ndi matenda anu ashuga. Lolani aphunzitsi ndi anzanu akusukulu kuti adziwe za iye, kuti athandize pa nthawi yake ngati pangafunike kutero. Inde, ana mkalasi ayenera kuuzidwa kuti: "Anzanu Vanya ali ndi matenda ashuga. Muyenera kudziwa kuti ngati Vanya samadzimva bwino, muyenera kum'patsa msuzi wokoma ndikuyitanitsa thandizo kwa achikulire." Kutha kusamalira munthu kumakulitsa chisoni ndi udindo mwa ana, ndipo mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amamva kutetezedwa.
Matenda a shuga.org: Chifukwa cha ntchito, mumafunsidwa pafupipafupi za china chake - odwala, owerenga mabuku anu, ophunzira ku Sukulu ya Matenda A shuga. Ndi iti mwa mafunso omwe odwala adakufunsani yomwe yakhala yovuta kwambiri?
O.D. Mafunso ovuta kwambiri kwa ine ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa mankhwala: "bwanji osapereka insulini?"; "Chifukwa chiyani mankhwala anga okhazikika adasinthidwa ndi generic?" Awa ndimafunso omwe amayenera kuyankhidwa kwa othandizira azaumoyo, osati othandizira anu azaumoyo. Koma ndingafotokozere bwanji izi kwa anthu omwe chikhalidwe chawo chimapita kwa dotolo kuti akathandizidwe ndikuthetsa mavuto azaumoyo? Chifukwa chake ndikuyang'ana mayankho: Ndimaphunzira zamalamulo, ndimapemphera kwa oyang'anira. Izi mwina ndi zolakwika, koma sindingathe mwanjira ina.
Matenda a shuga.org: Ndipo ndi iti yomwe imasangalatsa kwambiri?
O.D. Nditayamba kugwira ntchito ngati dotolo, ndinatsogolera uphungu pambuyo pa ntchito yayikulu mu dipatimenti yachipatala yazachipatala chathu. Wodwala wina adandifunsa: "Dokotala, ndalama zanu ndi ziti?" Ndinadabwa m'maganizo kuti mlendo uyu amadziwa bwanji mtundu wa galu wanga. Chabwino, ndikuyankha: "Wachimunthu wakuda ndi wamtembo." Ndipo amandiyang'ana ndi maso ozungulira, samvetsa zomwe ndikutanthauza. Zinapezeka kuti ndimaganiza kuti ndikumatenga ndalama zothandizira.
Matenda a shuga.org: Kodi ndi malingaliro olakwika ati omwe mwakumana nawo omwe mumakumana nawo?
O.D. O, pali malingaliro ambiri olakwika! Wina amakhutira kuti shuga imayamba chifukwa chodya shuga. Wina akuganiza kuti kupatsa insulin kuli ngati chiweruzo. Wina amakhutira kuti ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kudya phula la buckwheat lokha. Zonsezi, zachidziwikire, sizowona. Mubukhu langa lonena za matenda ashuga, chaputala chonse chimagwirizana ndi mutuwu.
Matenda a shuga.org: Ndikulankhula za mabuku! Olga Yuryevna, chonde tiuzeni chomwe chinakulimbikitsani kuti muyambe kulemba zolemba ndi mabuku a anthu wamba, osati anzanu azachipatala?
O.D. Anthu wamba ndi odwala athu komanso okondedwa awo. Ndi chifukwa cha iwo kuti, madotolo, tizigwira ntchito ndikuwerenga moyo wathu wonse. Ndikofunikira kwenikweni kuyankhula ndi odwala, kuyankha mafunso awo, kuwaphunzitsa, ndi kuwadziwitsa. Anthu samayiwala upangiri ndi upangiri kuchokera kwa madokotala. Koma malangizowa atasonkhanitsidwa m'buku limodzi, amakhala ali pafupi.
Matenda a shuga.org: Mukukonzekera kulemba china chake kwa omvera a ana?
O.D. Kwa ana, ndikulota kuti tsiku lina ndidzalemba nthano mu ndakatulo za mtundu woyamba wa shuga. Momwe mungakhalire ndi matendawa molondola komanso momasuka. Mtundu wa buku lamalangizo. Ndi zithunzi komanso malamulo osavuta a nyimbo. Tsiku lina, ngati nthawi ilola ...
Matenda a shuga.org: Mubukhu lanu latsopano, mumayankhula za "genetic mphatso" kuchokera kwa makolo mu mtundu wa hyperinsulinism ndi insulin kukana. Kodi mungataye bwanji?
O.D. Ndimayang'anira "mphatso "yi tsiku lililonse: ndimayesetsa kusuntha kwambiri osati kudya mopambanitsa. Kupanda kutero, mphatso iyi, yobisika mwa majini anga, idzaphulika ndikuwoneka kwa aliyense. Dzina lake ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Matenda a shuga.org: Kodi mumaphunzitsa chiyani ku Sukulu ya Matenda a shuga omwe mumaphunzitsa? Ndani angalowe Sukuluyi?
O.D. Maphunziro a odwala, monga maphunziro aliwonse, nthawi zonse amakhala njira ziwiri. Osati ophunzira okha omwe amaphunzira, komanso mphunzitsi. Ndili ndi odwala anga ku Wessel Clinics, ndimagwira ntchito pamapulogalamu a Diabetes, Tiroshkoly, ndi Obesity School. Kukhala wophunzira wanga, kungokhala woleza mtima wanga ndikokwanira.
