Masiku ano, makampani opanga mankhwala amapanga mitundu yambiri ya insulin. Pakadali pano, mitundu ingapo ya insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Gulu la ma insulins nthawi zambiri limatsimikizika kutengera nthawi yomwe achitapo kanthu pambuyo pokonza thupi la munthu. Mankhwala, mankhwala a nthawi yotsatirawa amasiyanitsidwa:
- ultrashort;
- mwachidule
- nthawi yayitali yochitapo kanthu;
- mankhwala oledzera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu umodzi wa insulin kutengera mtundu wa wodwalayo komanso njira zake za mankhwala a shuga a shuga.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulin imasiyana wina ndi mnzake pakapangidwe kake ndi kapangidwe kake. Pa mtundu uliwonse wa kukonzekera kwa insulin, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amapangidwa mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake ndi njira yokonzekera.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali zofunika zina zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa popanga insulin. Kukonzekera konse kwa insulin kumakhala ndizowonetsa ndi ma contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Kodi insulin ndi chiyani?
Insulin ndi kukonzekera kwa mapuloteni-peptide a mahomoni. Insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chothandiza pochiza matenda ashuga.
Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amathandizira kagayidwe kazakudya ndipo amathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala. Kuchepetsa chakudya m'magazi kumatheka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotengera insulin mothandizidwa ndi insulin. Insulin imalimbikitsa kapangidwe ka glycogen ndi maselo a chiwindi ndikulepheretsa kusintha kwa mafuta ndi ma amino acid kukhala chakudya.
Ndi kusowa kwa insulin mthupi la munthu, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonedwa. Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsutsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga komanso zovuta zina. Kuperewera kwa insulini m'thupi kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta m'matumbo, zomwe zimawoneka chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa dongosolo la endocrine, pambuyo povulala kapena chifukwa cha kulumikizana mwamphamvu kwamalingaliro m'thupi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zina.
Kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi insulin kumapangidwa kuchokera ku minofu ya zikondamoyo za nyama.
Nthawi zambiri, kupanga mankhwala kumagwiritsa ntchito minofu ya kapamba am'mimba ndi nkhumba.
Zizindikiro ntchito insulin kukonzekera
Chizindikiro chogwiritsira ntchito insulin ndi kupezeka kwa thupi la munthu wodwala matenda a shuga olembetsa mawonekedwe a insulin.
Pang'ono, insulin ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda ena a chiwindi.
Ngati ndi kotheka, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin pochiza matenda a neuropsychiatric ndi matenda amisala.
Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kukonzekera kwa mahomoni pochiza matenda a shuga, zomwe zikuwonetsa insulini pakugwiritsira ntchito zingakhale ndi izi:
- kupewa ndi kuchiza acidosis;
- kupewa chitukuko cha kutopa;
- mankhwalawa thyrotoxicosis;
- mankhwala a furunculosis;
- Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito dermatology pochiza matenda a shuga, eczema, urticaria, etc.
- ntchito pamaso pa yisiti zotupa za pakhungu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin pothana ndi uchidakwa komanso mitundu ina ya matenda aukazitape kwawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Mankhwalawa amtundu wina wa schizophrenia, insulinocomatosis mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mlingo wa insulin umalowetsedwa m'thupi la wodwalayo womwe ungayambitse kudandaula kwa hypoglycemic.
Nthawi zina, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi insulini kumatha kudzetsedwa m'thupi poyimitsa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ndikuyambiranso kugwira ntchito bwino.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kumafuna kutsatira mosamalitsa zizindikiritso zama insulin, izi zimapewa zovuta pamene mankhwalawo adalowetsedwa m'thupi.
Contraindication ndi malangizo apadera
Zotsatira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito insulin ndi matenda monga:
- kapamba
- yade;
- hepatitis;
- kupezeka kwa impso miyala ndikuchulukitsa matenda a impso;
- kukhalapo kwa matenda a mtima;
- kukhalapo kwa zilonda zam'mimba zam'mimba ndi duodenum.
Kuphatikiza pa izi, contraindication insulin ikhoza kukhala ndi izi:
- kukhalapo kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a insulin amadalira mtundu wa hypersensitivity kuti apange insulin;
- kukhalapo kwa hypoglycemia m'thupi la wodwalayo kapena zofunika kuti zikachitike;
Chotsutsana pachiwonetsero chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi insulin ndi kupezeka kwa thupi la wodwalayo kwakanthawi kovuta kwambiri kwa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi insulin.
Mankhwala ambiri omwe amakhala ndi insulini ya mahomoni ali osavomerezeka chifukwa cha mankhwala a insulin omwe amadalira shuga m'mimba mwa mayi pakapita nthawi yayitali. Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amapangidwa pamaziko a insulin, yomwe idachokera ku nyama.
Panthawi ya bere ndi kuyamwitsa, mankhwala opangidwa chifukwa cha insulin ya anthu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zotsatira zoyipa ndi mawonekedwe apadera ogwiritsa ntchito
Zotsatira zoyipa za insulin pamthupi zimawonetsedwa ngati mukupezeka jakisoni. Pankhani ya bongo, kuchuluka kwa plasma insulin kumawonedwa.
Kuwonjezeka kwa mankhwala a insulin m'thupi la wodwala omwe amakhala ndi zakudya zosakonzekera kungapangitse kukulira kwa mtundu wa hypoglycemia wodalira insulini m'thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, omwe angayambitse kudwala kwa hypoglycemic.
Kuchulukana kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'thupi kumapangitsa kuti thukuta liziwonjezereka, chizungulire, kuchuluka kwazinsinsi za zotumphukira komanso kupuma kwapfupi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo okwanira popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zakudya zopezeka m'thupi, kutha kwa chikumbumtima komanso kugonja kumatha kuchitika. Kuwonongeka kwinanso kumayambitsa kukomoka kwa hypoglycemic.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi insulin, pamafunika kumwa magalamu 100 a mikate yoyera, tiyi wokoma kapena supuni zingapo za shuga pazizindikiro zoyambirira.
Ngati pali zizindikiro zazikulu zakugwedezeka, shuga ayenera kuperekedwa kwa wodwalayo kudzera m'mitsempha. Ngati ndi kotheka, mungathe kuwonjezera kuyambitsa adrenaline subcutaneally.
Kusamala makamaka kumafunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangira insulin odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, pamaso pa kupezeka kwa coronary komanso pakuwona zovuta pamitsempha yamagazi. Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali, kuyesa kwamkodzo mkodzo ndi magazi ake kuti mupeze zomwe zili ndi shuga momwemo. Kafukufuku ngati amenewa kuti afotokozere nthawi yoyenera kumwa mankhwalawa kuti mukwaniritse zabwino.
Pakukhazikitsa mankhwalawa, ma syringes apadera kapena ma syringe apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringes kapena cholembera kumatengera mtundu wa insulin yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza insulin.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala
Nthawi zambiri, kuphatikiza mankhwala okhala ndi insulin amachitika kudzera m'mitsempha kapena m'mimba. Ndi chitukuko cha chikomokere, insulin imayendetsedwa ndi jekeseni wamkati.
Mlingo wofunika wa insulini pochiza matenda a shuga ndi insulin.
Pafupifupi mlingo wa insulin wofunsira wa insulin wa matenda a shuga mellitus amatha kuyambira 10 mpaka 40 mayunitsi.
Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga apezeka, mpaka magawo 100 a mankhwalawa amatha kutumikiridwa pansi pa khungu kuti athe kulipirira chikomacho patsiku. Ndipo mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira yolowerera yoyendetsera, osapitirira 50 mayunitsi. Nthawi zina, mlingo wa mankhwalawa umachokera magawo 6 mpaka 10.
Ngati jakisoni, syringe yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale piritsi lonse la mankhwala popanda zotsalira, zomwe zimapewe zolakwika za mlingo.
Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa insulin umalowetsedwa m'thupi motsatira malangizo ake komanso kutengera mtundu wa mankhwalawa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Jekeseni zimachitika mogwirizana ndi chiwembu chopangidwa ndi endocrinologist.
Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imayamba pambuyo pa makonzedwe, kutengera mtundu wake:
- ultrashort amayamba kuchita mphindi 15;
- Yaitali mankhwala amayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo maola 1-2
Botolo lagalasi limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga insulin. Sungani mankhwalawo pamalo ozizira omwe amatetezedwa ndi dzuwa.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi amakuuzani insulin ikafunika.
