Funso loti mtundu wa 1 wa matenda ashuga ukhoza kuchiritsidwa umamveka kawirikawiri kuchokera kwa odwala. Moyo wopanda insulin, malinga ndi ambiri a endocrinologists, ndizotheka.
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa insulin popanda insulin ndizosangalatsa kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli. Pakadali pano, akukhulupirira kuti ngati matenda amtundu woyamba a 1 apezeka, chithandizo chitha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo choyenera, koma sipadzakhala kuchiritsa kwathunthu, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kokha kungapewe kukula kwa zovuta kuchokera ku matenda ashuga.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za matenda a zamitsempha zimachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Pankhaniyi, kapamba sangathe kupanga kuchuluka kwa insulini, chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amadalira jakisoni wokhazikika wa mahomoni awa. Ndi chiyani chomwe chingayambitse kukula kwa matendawa ndipo ndizotheka kuchiritsa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba?
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Type 1 shuga mellitus nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa achinyamata. Awa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 30-35, komanso ana.
Kukula kwa matenda am'mimba kumachitika chifukwa cha malfunctions mu magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.
Popeza ndi thupi ili lomwe limayang'anira kupangika kwa insulin ya mahomoni mu kuchuluka kofunikira kwa munthu. Zotsatira za kukula kwa matendawa, ma cell a beta amawonongedwa ndipo insulin imatsekedwa.
Mwa zina zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse chiwonetsero cha matenda a shuga 1 ndi:
- Matenda obadwa nawo kapena chinthu chotengera chibadwa chathu chimatha kudzetsa matenda mwa mwana ngati m'modzi mwa makolo atazindikira izi. Mwamwayi, izi sizimawoneka nthawi zambiri, koma zimangowonjezera chiopsezo cha matendawa.
- Kupsinjika kwakukuru kapena kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro nthawi zina kumatha kukhala ngati lever yomwe ingayambitse kukula kwa matendawa.
- Matenda opatsirana aposachedwa, kuphatikizapo rubella, mumps, hepatitis kapena nthomba. Matenda amakhudzanso thupi lonse, koma kapamba amayamba kuvutika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimayamba kudziwonongera pawokha maselo a chiwalochi.
Pakadutsa matendawa, wodwalayo sangathe kulingalira za moyo popanda jakisoni wa insulin, popeza thupi lake silingatulutse timadzi timeneti.
Zizindikiro zodziwika za matenda
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1 ndikukula kwachangu chamatenda.
Zizindikiro za matenda amtunduwu zimawonetsedwa mwazizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- ludzu limavutitsa munthu nthawi zonse, ndipo ngakhale pakumwa madzi ambiri (mpaka malita asanu patsiku), ndizosatheka kuzimitsa
- chifukwa chakusowa kwamadzi, kumakodza pafupipafupi, komwe kumatchulidwa kwambiri usiku
- Ngakhale amadya kwambiri komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, thupi limatopa ndipo munthu amayamba kuchepa thupi msanga komanso mwachangu, pomwe kuchepa thupi nthawi zina kumatha kufika kilogalamu khumi pamwezi
- kupweteka m'misempha, kukokana m'matumboꓼ
- kukhalapo kwa mavuto ndi khungu, zilonda zazing'onoting'ono kapena zotupa zina pakhungu zimatha kuchitika. Kuphatikiza apo, mabala aliwonse ndi abrasions amachiritsa yayitali komanso yolimba
- pali kufooka wamba mthupi, munthu amakhala ndi kutopa nthawi zonse, kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira ndi kusatha kwa chidwi chake. Nthawi yomweyo, mpumulo subweretsa ngakhale kupumula komanso kugona
- kupweteka mutu ndi chizungulire zitha kutsagana ndi wodwalayo
Kuphatikiza apo, fungo losasangalatsa la acetone mu shuga limatha kuchokera kumlomo wamkamwa.
Kodi mankhwala amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 sichingatheke popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera. Kusankha ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika ndi dokotala wodwala, poganizira zovuta za chithunzi cham'thupi ndi mawonekedwe a munthu payekha.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusintha kwa mankhwalawa ndi ma analogues kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zawo zopewera matendawa, monga njira ina iliyonse yodzichitira nokha, nkoletsedwa.
Ndizosatheka kulingalira mankhwala omwe angatengere chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo popanda insulin. Odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli amadalira majakisoni oterowo kuti athe kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.
Momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba ndi mitundu iti ya mankhwala? Mankhwala a insulin akhoza kuphatikizira magulu otsatirawa a mahomoni omwe amaperekedwa:
- Yaifupi ndi ya insulin. Mphamvu ya jekeseni wovulalayo imadziwoneka mwachangu kwambiri, ndikuchita kwakanthawi kochepa. Chimodzi mwa mankhwala omwe ali mgululi ndi mankhwala a Actrapid, omwe amayamba kuchita ndikuchepetsa shuga m'magazi mphindi makumi awiri pambuyo pa jakisoni. Zotsatira zake zimatha kupitilira maola awiri kapena anayi.
- Hormone yodziwikiratu yapakatikati imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa, popeza imatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa insulin m'magazi a anthu. Woimira gulu ili la mankhwalawa ndi Protafan NM, zomwe zimayamba kuwonekera patatha maola awiri jekeseni litatha ndikukhalabe m'thupi kwa maola ena eyiti mpaka khumi.
- Kuchita insulin kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kugwira ntchito kwa maola makumi atatu kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa amayamba kuchita pafupifupi maola 10 mpaka 12 jekeseni.
Pofuna kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, muyenera kubayira jakisoni nthawi zonse. Njira yodziwika bwino yochiritsira, mitundu yofunikira komanso nthawi ya jakisoni ingathandize kuti shuga ya magazi isakhale yovomerezeka.
Thandizo loyamba, lomwe lingachepetse shuga wamagazi, limakhazikitsidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin mwachindunji. Monga lamulo, mankhwalawa a gululi ali ndi zotsatira za ultrashort komanso pazofunikira, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thandizo loyamba. Nthawi yomweyo, kwa munthu aliyense, mankhwala okonzekera mankhwala amasankhidwa payekha.
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala amkamwa omwe amathandizira kutsika kwa glucose amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zakudya zamagulu azakudya monga imodzi mwazinthu zopanga mankhwala
Kodi kuchiritsa matenda ashuga ndi zakudya? Tisaiwale kuti kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zamafuta sizingachotseretu matendawa, koma kupewa misempha mwadzidzidzi m'magazi a magazi ndi zovuta zina. Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo chovuta kuchipatala chimatengera kutsata kovomerezeka pachakudya chokhwima, chomwe chimayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri wazachipatala.
Chimodzi mwa zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga ndikuti kudziletsa pamagulu ena azakudya sikofunikira kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri, koma kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuchokera pamagulu a wodwalayo komanso kulemera kwake. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupatula zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'mimba mosavuta, shuga, zakudya zamafuta.
Kukula kwakukulu, ndikofunikira kudya masamba, zitsamba kapena zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yazomera. Zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya ziyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi index yochepa ya glycemic, chifukwa sizithandiza pakukweza kwa glucose. Ndikofunikanso kumvetsetsa kuti palibe zakudya zotere ndi zakudya zomwe zimatsitsa shuga m'magazi mwachindunji.
Ndi mndandanda wazakudya zopangidwa moyenera, zotsatirazi zabwino za zakudya zoterezi zitha kuwoneka:
- Mwazi wa m'magazi umasinthasintha, kudumpha kwadzidzidzi sudden
- kumabweretsa kufunika kochepetsa insulin dosagesꓼ
- hypoglycemia singachitike kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwunikira nthawi zonse zakudya zoyeneraꓼ
- kuchuluka kwa wodwala kumachitika bwino
Kuphatikiza apo, kudya pafupipafupi kumatha kuchepetsa zovuta za matenda omwe adayamba kale.
Matenda a shuga pamankhwala olimbitsa thupi komanso zolimbitsa thupi
Kukhala wakhama ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi m'magazi sikungathe kungosintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kusintha kayendedwe ka magazi, komanso kungapangitse kuwonjezeka kwa minofu kumverera kwa insulin.
Pali lingaliro lomwe, losankhidwa mosamala, zolimbitsa thupi limathandizira odwala ambiri kuti ayambe kudwala matenda ashuga. M'malo mwake, chifukwa cha masewera olimbitsa thupi mutha kupewa matendawa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zingapo. Kuti mukwaniritse zabwino, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zoyenera musanaphunzitse, ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala.
Njira yayikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikukhazikitsa koyenda kwa mphindi 20-30. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuthamanga, koma pamlingo wambiri komanso katundu.
Zimatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti pamene munthu amayenda, mafuta ochulukirapo amawotchedwa kuchokera kuzichuzo za thupi. Njira imodzi yotchuka, chifukwa cha momwe ingathekere kuchiritsa matendawa, ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, opangidwa ndi Boris Zherlygin. Njirayi imakhazikitsidwa pakugwiritsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi zina kuphatikizapo zakudya zopangidwa.
Pazochita zosiyanasiyana zolimbitsa thupi, timalimbikitsidwanso kupenda kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achikhalidwe
Monga mankhwala othandizira omwe angathandize kukongoletsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kunyumba, atha kupangidwa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi kapena zingapo, muyenera choyamba kuwagwirizanitsa ndi adokotala. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira kapena njira zina sizitanthauza kuti ndikofunikira kusiyiratu mankhwala a insulin, popeza machitidwe oterewa amatha kupangitsa kuti afe.
Kunyumba, zakudya zotsatirazi ndi maphikidwe omwe atengedwa akhoza kukhala othandizira kuteteza matenda a shuga:
- Mbewu za fulakesi, zomwe mumatha kukonzekera decoction. Amakhulupirira kuti kuphatikizika kwa mankhwalawa kumapangitsa kuti shuga agwiritsidwe ntchito m'chiwindi ndikuwongolera zomwe zili m'madzi a m'magazi. Kuti mukonze zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, muyenera magalamu 50 a masamba owuma a mabulosi abulu ndi magalamu 20 a mbewu za fulakesi. Thirani zigawo zomwe zakonzedwa ndi lita imodzi yamadzi otentha ndikulunga thaulo lotentha pakulimbikira (kwa maola pafupifupi asanu). Tengani theka lagalasi musanadye milungu iwiri.
- Kupanga decoction wa masamba a mabulosi, zomwe zimathandiza kubwezeretsa shuga munthawi yochepa. Kuti mukonze zakumwa zoterezi, muyenera kutenga supuni ya masamba owerengeka ndi kutsanulira kapu ya madzi otentha, aisiyeni. Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala oterowo mu theka lagalasi theka la ola musanadye chakudya chachikulu. Njira yachiwiri yogwiritsira ntchito ma buliberries ndikupanga compote kuchokera ku zipatso zomwe. Nthawi yomweyo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zakumwa zochiritsa zitha kukhala kuti palibe shuga mkati mwake.
- Zipatso za phulusa lakuda bii zimathandizanso kuchepetsa shuga. Mwa zipatsozi, mutha kupanga tiyi ndi kumwa masana.
- Njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri ndi decoction wa oats. Kukonzekera kwa zakumwa zochiritsirazi ndikuti mumafunikira kapu yamafuta ambiri ndi magalasi asanu ndi limodzi amadzi otentha. Wiritsani ziwalozo pamoto wochepa kwa maola angapo, ozizira komanso kupsinjika. Tengani mankhwalawo mu theka kapu musanadye chakudya chachikulu.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuchiritsa nthenda imodzi kumatha kuvulaza ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe a thupi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha mankhwala amchikhalidwe mosamala, kuti muwone momwe thupi lawo lilili. Wothandizira komanso mlangizi wamkulu pazamankhwala ovuta a shuga ayenera kukhala dokotala wa odwala. Kanemayo munkhaniyi angokuwuzani momwe mungapangire popanda matenda ashuga.
