Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga a mellitus ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin omwe amadziwika ndi kusokonekera kwa endocrine, chifukwa chomwe sichikupanga insulin yayikulu ndi kapamba m'thupi.
Kuperewera kotereku kumabweretsa kuti wodwalayo azikhala ndi shuga wambiri m'thupi, ndipo zizindikilo zoipa zimawululidwanso - chikhumbo chofuna kumwa nthawi zonse, kukodza pafupipafupi, kuwonda popanda chifukwa.
Pathology singathe, motero, odwala pamoyo wawo wonse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ayenera kumwa mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa shuga mthupi.
M'pofunika kuganizira momwe mankhwalawa amtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 amachitikira, ndipo pali mankhwala atsopano a odwala matenda ashuga? Ndi mavitamini otani omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti amwe, ndipo ndimankhwala ati omwe angathandize kuti wodwalayo azitha kutalika?
Mfundo zachikhalidwe zamankhwala
Tsoka ilo, sizotheka kwathunthu kuchiritsa matenda ashuga. Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okwanira, ndikotheka kubwezeretsa wodwalayo ku moyo wonse, kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zingapo za matendawa.
Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuyambitsa insulin kulowa mthupi la wodwala yemwe akudwala matenda ashuga. Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikanso mu regimen yothandizira, wodwalayo amalimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zina, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi.
Maziko othandizira bwino ndi zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimasankhidwa payekhapayekha pa chithunzi chilichonse chachipatala.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mahomoni m'thupi sikuti kwenikweni cholinga cha matenda a shuga 1, koma kuti thupi likhale ndi shuga mthupi lofunikira. Mwambiri, dotolo amamulembera ma insulin:
- Ma mahormoni akumbuyo amathandizira kupanga insulin masana.
- Horm yokhazikika imathandizira kulipira chakudya chamagulu omwe amabwera ndi chakudya.
Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo cha mankhwala ndikukhazikitsa glucose m'thupi pamlingo wofunikira, kuonetsetsa kukula komanso kukhazikika kwa thupi. Popeza nthawi zambiri ana aang'ono, achinyamata ndi achinyamata amadwala matendawa.
Mtundu woyamba wamatenda a shuga utapezeka mwa wodwala, ndikofunikira kuti ayambe kuyambitsa mahomoni m'thupi.
Chithandizo chokwanira komanso chapanthawi yake cha insulin chimalola kuti 80% ya milandu ikhale ndi chikhululukiro chakanthawi, kukhazikika kwa njira ya matenda, komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wamavuto.
Therapy ya Insulin: Zambiri
Madzi a insulin ndiye okhawo amene amachiritsa matenda a shuga 1. Ndi chifukwa chake ndikotheka kuwongolera shuga mthupi, ndikukhalabe ndi moyo wonse wodwala.
Pakadali pano, mankhwala othandizira matenda a shuga ozikidwa pa porcine, mahomoni amunthu ndi ng'ombe amapangidwa. Mafuta a ng'ombe, poyerekeza ndi mahomoni amunthu, ali ndi ma amino acid atatu pakapangidwe kake. Nkhumba imakhala ndi amino acid imodzi, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kupanga kwa ma antibodies kuti akhale ng'ombe ya ng'ombe ndikwambiri kuposa nkhumba ya insulin.
Mwakutero, pali mitundu yambiri ya insulini yochizira matenda a mtima, ndipo onsewa amagawidwa malinga ndi kuthamanga kwa kuyambika kwa ntchito komanso nthawi yayitali.
Mndandanda wa insulin yolimbikitsidwa ndi insulin
- Ma mahomoni ocheperapo pang'ono.
- Mankhwala ofanana a ultrashort action mahormoni.
- Mahomoni a sing'anga nthawi yayitali.
- Mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ponena za insulini zachikhalidwe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira m'badwo watsopano wamakonzedwe a mahomoni, omwe amatchedwa ma insaled mahomoni. Komabe, pakadali pano sizovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ku Russia ndi mayiko ena ambiri.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti chitukuko chikuchitika, pali zochitika zina zabwino, koma mankhwala osokoneza bongo ayenera kudutsa pamayeso angapo azachipatala. Kunena zowona, mankhwalawa sangatchulidwe zachilendo, chifukwa asayansi akhala akuyesera kuti apange mapiritsi a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ngakhale pali maphunziro ambiri m'derali, zotukuka ndi mayeso asayansi, mawonekedwe a piritsi pano akuwoneka ngati mankhwala amtsogolo, osati zenizeni.
Khalidwe la insulin
Ma insulin omwe amagwira ntchito mwachidule amakhalanso ndimankhwala abwino a shuga awa: Insuman Rapid, Actrapid. Mankhwalawa a shuga amayamba kugwira ntchito theka la ola pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa.
Malinga, tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsa mankhwala mphindi 30 musanadye. Ndipo nthawi yayitali ya zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimasiyanasiyana kuyambira maola 6 mpaka 7.
Nawonso, ngati mankhwalawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukonzekera kwamitsempha yamagalamu, ndiye kuti zochita zawo zimayamba miniti imodzi mankhwala atalowa m'magazi.
Mankhwala otsatirawa amachita ngati mankhwala ofanana a mahomoni a ultrashort zotsatira:
- Lizpro (Humalog).
- Aspart (Novoradipd).
Zochita zamankhwala zimawonekera mphindi 15 pambuyo pa jekeseni, motero amapaka jekeseni mphindi 15 chakudya chisanafike. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumawonedwa patatha maola ochepa, ndipo nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito ndi maola 4.
Mwachilengedwe, ma insulin awa amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogwiritsa ntchito pakhungu, ndipo ali ndi machitidwe ochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi mahomoni osakhalitsa.
Chowonadi ndichakuti kufupikitsa Kutalika kwa insulin, kumakhala kosavuta kuwongolera mahomoni. Ndiye kuti, pakukhazikitsa insulini, mahomoni omwe amagwira ntchito kuchokera jakisoni womaliza samakhalabe m'thupi.
Zokhudza mahomoni a sing'anga nthawi yayitali:
- Oyimira ogwira ntchito kwambiri: Insuman Bazal, Protafan.
- Amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu ola limodzi kapena ola limodzi ndi theka atatha kutsata.
- Kutalika kokwanira kwa zochita kumasiyana kuyambira maola 8 mpaka 12.
- Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa monga basal mahomoni, omwe amaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku.
Dziwani kuti mahomoni oterewa amakhala ndi gawo labwino lotsogola, lomwe lingayambitse kukula kwa vuto la hypoglycemic wodwala.
Ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mahomoni oyambira, ndipo amasiyanitsidwa ndi mwayi chifukwa alibe chiyembekezo choti achitidwa. Monga lamulo, kutalika kwa mahomoni oterewa kumasiyana ndi maola 24 mpaka 30, amathandizidwa kawiri pa tsiku.
Chomwe chaposachedwa kwambiri m'gululi ndi Hreshiba ya mahomoni, yomwe imatha kuphatikiza maola 40 kuphatikizidwa.
Malangizo a insulin
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, matendawa amatha kuthandizidwa ndi ma regimens awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zamankhwala masiku ano.
Njira yodziwika bwino ndimayendedwe a insulin kawiri pa tsiku, pomwe mahomoni osankha pang'ono amaphatikizidwa pamodzi ndi mahomoni apakatikati. Munthawi ya mankhwala, mahomoni amatumikiridwa mphindi 30 asanadye, m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ndipo zopangidwira pakati pamaudindo zizikhala pafupifupi maora 12.
Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwalawa kumawonjezeka ngati pakukhala ndi nthawi yomweyo mahomoni osavuta omwe amaletsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga pambuyo pa chakudya cham'mawa komanso chakudya chamadzulo.
Odwala ena, njira yodziwikiratu yoyendetsedwa ndi mahomoni ena imawonetsa kukwera kwambiri:
- Kuphatikiza kwakanthawi ndikutalika kumatumikiridwa musanadye chakudya cham'mawa.
- Asanadye chakudya chamadzulo, timadzi timene timayamwa pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yogona tisanayambe kugona, jakisoni wa insulini amatenga nthawi yayitali.
Monga lamulo, mitundu inayi ya zosakanikirana zotere zimapangidwa, momwe 10, 20, 30 kapena 40% ya mahomoni osavuta amaphatikizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, Humulin molumikizana ndi timadzi ta mphamvu tambiri totchedwa Isofan.
Choyipa chachikulu cha chithandizo chachikhalidwe ndichakuti muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu, samalira zolimbitsa thupi. Izi zapangitsa kuti ambiri odwala amakonda kwambiri chithandizo chamankhwala cha mahomoni.
Makhalidwe ake amakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni:
- Hormone ya sing'anga mphamvu imayendetsedwa kawiri patsiku, pomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira pang'onopang'ono. Monga lamulo, kulowetserani musanadye zakudya zazikulu zitatu.
- Madzulo madzulo, timadzi tambiri timene timayendetsedwa.
Kuchiza kwambiri ndi insulini kungaphatikizeponso chithandizo ndi pampu - zida zapadera zomwe zimangodzipereka mwangwiro komanso mosalekeza zimapereka timadzi tating'onoting'ono tamunthu.
Mpaka pano, pampu ya insulin ndi chida chapadera chomwe chitha kuyendetsa mahomoni ang'onoang'ono chaka chonse chaka chamtengo.
Mavitamini a odwala matenda ashuga
Chifukwa chakuti matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amakhala ngati njira yodalira insulin, mavitamini a shuga amasankhidwa mwanjira yoti asakweze mphamvu ya kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi la wodwalayo.
Mavitamini a odwala matenda ashuga ndi chakudya chamagulu chopitilira muyeso, chomwe chimathandiza wodwala kuti azidyetsa thupi ndi mchere wofunikira komanso zinthu zina, pomwe amadziwika kuti amachepetsa zovuta.
Zinthu zotsatirazi ndi mavitamini ofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga pa insulin:
- Vitamini a gulu A. Amathandizira kuti azikhala ndi malingaliro athunthu, amateteza kumatenda amaso, omwe amatengera kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa diso la retina.
- Vitamini B imathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito amthupi apakati, kupewa kuti asasokonezeke chifukwa cha matenda a shuga.
- Ascorbic acid ndiyofunikira mphamvu yamitsempha yamagazi ndikusintha kwa zovuta za matendawa, chifukwa ndi matenda ashuga makoma otupa amakhala ochepa mphamvu komanso osakhazikika.
- Kuchuluka kwa vitamini E m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga kumathandiza kupewa kudalira kwamkati pa insulin, kumachepetsa kufunikira kwawo kwa mahomoni.
- Vitamini H ndichinthu chinanso chomwe chimathandiza thupi lonse kugwira ntchito bwino popanda kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mahomoni.
Wodwala matenda ashuga akafuna kudya zakudya zotsekemera komanso ufa, ndiye kuti mavitamini ena okhala ndi chromium amawalimbikitsa.
Chromium imathandiza kupewetsa chidwi chofuna kuyamwa zakudya izi, chifukwa chazomwe zimapangira kupanga zakudya zoyenera ndi zakudya.
Mavitamini abwino kwambiri
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti simuyenera kumwa mavitamini okha, koma othandizira omwe ali otetezeka kwathunthu kwa thupi, samakumana ndi zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, njira za mapulani oterowo ziyenera kukhala zachilengedwe, ndiko kuti, zomwe zimapangidwa ndizomera.
Tsoka ilo, kudziwa chizolowezi cha mavitamini ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mavitamini onse ofunikira patsiku ndizosiyana kwambiri ndipo ndizovuta kwa wodwalayo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kumwa mavitamini.
Kutenga zovuta, simukuyenera kuganizira kuwerengera, ndikokwanira kuti mutenge nawo potsatira dokotala, yemwe amatchula muyeso ndi pafupipafupi wa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Vitamini wabwino kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga:
- Antiox R.
- Detox Plus.
- Mega zovuta.
Antiox R ndizowonjezera zachilengedwe zomwe zimathandizira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Chidacho chimathandizira kukhazikitsa chitetezo champhamvu motsutsana ndi ma radicals omasuka, chimalimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, chimakhudza bwino ntchito yamtima wamtima, chimawonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi.
Detox Plus imathandizira kuyeretsa thupi, imathandizanso kugaya chakudya m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito poizoni ndi zinthu zoopsa. Mwambiri, zimakhudza thanzi la wodwala, kupewa mavuto ambiri a shuga.
Kuphatikizika kwa mega kumaphatikizapo Omega-3 ndi 6, chifukwa chake imathandizira ntchito yamtima wamagazi, kuteteza ziwalo zam'maso ndi ubongo. Chowonjezeracho chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuyenda bwino komanso malingaliro.
Nthawi zambiri mankhwala a lanic acid, omwe ali ngati vitamini omwe amathandizira kusintha kwamthupi mu thupi.
Mapiritsi ena a odwala matenda ashuga
Poyerekeza ndi momwe insulin imaperekera mankhwala ena, mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa pochiza matenda amisempha omwe amayenda ndi matenda.
Zoletsa za angiotensin-akatembenuka enzyme zimathandizira kuchepa kwa magazi, pomwe zimalepheretsa zovuta zina za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa mankhwala kulimbana ndi matenda am'mimba thirakiti. Ndipo kusankha kwa mankhwala kumatengera matenda ake enieni komanso chithunzi cha matenda. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la mtima, ndiye kuti mapiritsi omwe amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi amalimbikitsidwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala atha kutumikiridwa:
- Pofuna kuthana ndi kusintha kwa atherosulinotic mthupi, perekani mankhwala omwe amachepetsa zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa.
- Ngati pali zizindikiro za zotumphukira neuropathy, ndiye kuti ma painkiller ndi omwe amapatsidwa.
Nthawi zambiri, mwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kuperewera kwa erectile kumadziwika. Ngati wodwala alibe mavuto ndi mtima, ndiye kuti dokotalayo angalimbikitse Viagra, Cialis, Levitra.
Kulimbana ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi chithandizo chokwanira chomwe chimaphatikizira kuphatikiza insulin, zolimbitsa thupi, zakudya zina, komanso kuchiza matenda oyanjana.
