Matenda a shuga amakhalapo nthawi yayitali m'mibadwo yonse. Komanso pali ziwonetsero pakuwonekera kwa milandu yomwe azimayi amapezeka ndi akazi atatha zaka 45.
Matenda a shuga m'magazi achikazi amakhala ndi ma flow omwe amagwirizana ndi kusakhazikika kwa mahomoni komanso zochita za mahomoni ogonana achikazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga mwa akazi zimachulukana ndipo sizikhala zolingana ndi nthenda iliyonse yamatenda. Chifukwa chake, kwa onse omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ngati pakukayikira, yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuwonetsanso mayeso a shuga.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda amtundu wa 1 mwa akazi
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umayamba ngati matenda a autoimmune omwe ali ndi cholowa cham'tsogolo. Kuphwanya kapangidwe ka ma chromosomes omwe amachititsa chitetezo chokwanira kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa kapamba.
Kupatuka kotereku sikungakhale kokha ndi matenda a shuga, komanso ndi nyamakazi, systemic lupus erythematosus ndi chithokomiro, zomwe zimakhudza azimayi nthawi zambiri kuposa amuna. Chiwopsezo cha matendawa chikuwonjezereka m'mabanja momwe achibale apamtima anali ndi matenda ashuga.
Njira yoyambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa mu atsikana imatha kupatsirana matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus, makamaka nthomba, matenda a cytomegalovirus ndi mliri wa hepatitis ndi mumps.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga mwa akazi omwe ali ndi mtundu wa insulin -
- Kuchulukitsa ludzu ndi kamwa youma, yomwe sikudutsa pakumwa madzi.
- Kulawa kwazitsulo mkamwa
- Kuchulukana mobwerezabwereza
- Kuchuluka khungu lowuma ndi kutayika kwa elasticity.
- Kufooka nthawi zonse, kuchepa mphamvu pambuyo pakuchita bwino.
Potere, azimayi achichepere amachepetsa thupi ndi chidwi chambiri. Mukatha kudya ndi zakudya zamagulu am'madzi, kugona kwambiri kumatha ola limodzi. Kusanza ndi kusanza zitha kuwoneka. Mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe umasinthanso - kusakwiya, kuwonjezeka kwa chisangalalo, kukhumudwa kumayamba, kupweteka kwakumutu kumadandaula.
Khungu ndi tsitsi zimakhala zopanda moyo, zowuma, tsitsi limatha kugwera pamutu ndi miyendo ndikukula mwamphamvu pankhope. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyabwa pakhungu, makamaka zikhato ndi mapazi, totupa pakhungu limasokoneza.
Nthawi ya msambo imaphwanyidwa, kusabereka kapena kusakhazikika kwina kumayamba. Ndi shuga wowonjezereka m'magazi, matenda oyamba ndi fungus amalumikizana, makamaka candidiasis, kwa omwe amachititsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi michere yambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, odwala oterowo amatembenukira kwa othandizira gynecologists omwe ali ndi chizindikiro cha bakiteriya vaginosis kapena dysbiosis.
Type 1 shuga mellitus nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi njira yofulumira, popeza imadziwonetsa yokha ndi chiwonongeko chachikulu cha maselo apancreatic. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga mwa akazi zimatha kuyamba ndi ketoacidosis. Pa magawo oyamba, fungo la acetone limawoneka m'mphepo yotulutsa mphamvu, ngati simukufuna thandizo, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amagwa chifukwa chosooka insulin.
Palinso mtundu wina womwe momwe matendawa amakhudzira matenda ashuga mwa amayi amapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono, matenda oyamba oterewa amatha kulipidwa ndi zakudya komanso mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.
Pambuyo pa zaka 2-3, ndi kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies ku ma cell a pancreatic, amasintha kupita ku chithandizo chanthawi zonse ndi insulin.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga 2 mwa akazi
Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umadziwika ndi kukula kwa insulin - kutaya mphamvu kwa ma cell receptors poyankha insulin m'magazi. Kuphatikiza pa kubadwa kwa makolo, matenda okhudzana ndi zakudya amathandizira pakuchitika kwake.
Ndi kudya kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimatchedwa metabolic syndrome zimayamba, momwe mulingo wa cholesterol ndi glucose m'magazi umakwera, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi. Chachilendo cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu matendawa kumachitika makamaka pamimba (mtundu wam'mimba).
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa akazi zimakhazikika ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda atatha zaka 40. Ndikayamba kusintha kwa msambo, zimapita patsogolo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chodumphadumpha mu mahomoni ogonana pakukonzanso dongosolo la endocrine. Komanso, zochitika zopsinjika zimatha kukhala zofunikira.
Gulu lachiwopsezo limaphatikizanso amayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary, komanso ngati ali ndi pakati pamayendedwe a shuga, ngati mwana wabadwa ndi kulemera koposa 4.5 kg, adadwala matenda opatsitsika kapena ali ndi pathupi wosabereka, wosabereka.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndizomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:
- Kufooka nthawi zonse ndikuchepetsa kugwira ntchito.
- Kuchulukitsa ludzu komanso kusowa kwa chakudya.
- Nocturnal diuresis imatheka, monganso kuchuluka kwamkodzo kothira.
- Kuvutika kugona ndi kugona tulo masana, makamaka mutatha kudya.
- Kukokana m'munsi malekezero, kulumikizidwa ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu.
- Kulemera kopitilira muyeso.
Mabulosi a bulauni, xanthomas, amatha kupanga pakhungu la eyel, monga mawonekedwe a cholesterol okwera komanso triglycerides m'magazi.
Kuphwanya kwa lipid kagayidwe komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayendera limodzi ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda a mtima ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya ubongo, yomwe mwa machitidwe a hyperglycemia imatsogolera kugunda ndi kugunda kwa mtima.
Matenda a shuga m'magulu azimayi amabweretsa matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi, kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso kuchiritsa pang'onopang'ono kwa zotupa za pakhungu. Mafinya, ziphuphu, mawonekedwe a zilonda pakhungu. Khungu loyenda ndi kuwuma kwawume, komanso misomali yothina ndi tsitsi, zitha kukhala zizindikilo za shuga wambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, kuchepa kwa masomphenya kumayamba, kuwonetseredwa ndi kusinthana kwa ntchentche patsogolo pa maso, kuthinana ndimaso ndi zopinga zazinthu. Ndi kukula kwa matendawa, matenda ashuga retinopathy, amphaka amayamba.
Kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa mashuga mu shuga ndikothekanso.
Kutsimikizika kwa matenda
Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe muyenera kuyamba kuchiza matenda, muyenera kutsimikizira kuti mukudwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa cha izi, zizindikiro za matendawa zimawerengedwa, chifukwa zimatha kuchitika mu ma pathologies ena, kuyezetsa magazi kwa zinthu zam shuga kumachitika.
Chizindikiro choyamba chofufuza ndi kuyesa magazi kwa shuga. Mu shuga, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga zimaposa 5.9 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu. Komanso, ngati mukukayika pakuzindikira, ngati zizindikiro za matenda a shuga zapezeka, koma hyperglycemia siinakhazikitsidwe, kapena ngati pali chilichonse chomwe chingayambitse matenda a shuga, kuyesa kwa glucose kumachitika.
Imachitika ndi muyezo wosala wamagazi m'magazi, ndipo kenako patatha maola awiri mutatenga shuga a 75 ga. Matenda a shuga amawoneka ngati amatsimikiziridwa ngati chizindikiro chikapitirira 11 mmol / L. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumayang'aniridwa kuti kusinthire kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi m'miyezi itatu yapitayi, komanso zomwe zili mu cholesterol ndi lipids m'magazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro ngati awa atha kutumizidwa:
- Urinalysis kwa shuga.
- Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa creatinine.
- Kuyesa kwa magazi ndi mkodzo pamatupi a ketone.
- Katswiri wa C peptide.
- Kuyesa kwa magazi kwamankhwala amwazi kwa hepatic ndi aimpso.
Ngati kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga kumatsimikiziridwa ndi endocrinologist, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya ndi zoletsa zina kupatula zakudya zosavuta (shuga, mitanda yoyera ya ufa, zipatso zotsekemera) ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri (nyama yamafuta, impso, chiwindi, ubongo).
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe moyo wanu powonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Chofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda a shuga ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose, komanso, kotero kuti njira yoyambira yamankhwala singasokoneze mosalekeza. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga.
