Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe kapamba amasokonezedwa. Thupi ili limayang'anira kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kagayidwe kachakudya.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chibadwa chathu, koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo chake chikule. Uku ndikuledzera, kusadya bwino, kunenepa kwambiri. Zinthu zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda ena.
Chifukwa chake, matenda ashuga ndi matenda amitsempha. Koma kodi hyperglycemia yosatha imakhudza bwanji chiwindi?
Kodi pali ubale wanji pakati pa matenda ashuga ndi matenda amitsempha?
Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ali pachiwopsezo mtsogolo kuti asalandire zovuta ndi kapamba, komanso chiwindi. Pokhala ndi zosayenera zakudya, ziwalozi zimagwira ntchito m'njira zowonjezera, motero pakapita nthawi amasiya kugwira ntchito yawo ndikuwonongeka.
Koma chochititsa chachikulu cha chiwonongeko ndi glucose, omwe sanakonzedwe kwathunthu. Zakudya zam'madzi zotere zimakhala mafuta ndipo kuzungulira uku kumabwereza pafupipafupi.
Mafuta ochulukirapo amathandizira kuoneka ngati hepatosis yamafuta. Komabe, matenda a cirrhosis samakula nthawi yomweyo, amatsogozedwa ndi magawo atatu a momwe timayambira:
- steatosis;
- steatohepatitis;
- fibrosis.
Mafuta akadziunjikira m'chiwindi, hepatocytes amawonongeka, ndipo pakapita nthawi, kutupa kumayamba mthupi (steatohepatitis). Maonekedwe a steatosis amachititsa zotsatira za cholesterol, triglycerides ndi otsika komanso okwera kwambiri a lipoproteins. Pambuyo pake, ma hepatocytes omwe awonongedwa amasinthidwa ndi minofu yam'mimba, kenako chiwindi cha chiwindi chimayamba.
Chifukwa chakuti mafutawa sanakonzedwe kwathunthu ndikuwunjikana m'chiwindi, amagawidwa thupi lonse.
Chifukwa chake, pakalibe chithandizo choyenera, matenda a shuga amapita patsogolo komanso matenda opha ziwopsezo, vuto la mtima, atherosclerosis ndi zovuta zina zimayamba.
Zizindikiro za matenda am'magazi
Ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga, matenda a chiwindi sangawonekere konse kapena angachitike pazifukwa zina. Koma pakalibe chithandizo cha matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia, zizindikiro monga kutentha pang'ono, chiwindi chokwanira, komanso kupindika kwambiri kwa khungu.
Kuphatikiza apo, mitsempha ya kangaude, jaundice ndi zowawa zimawoneka mu quadrant yoyenera kumtunda. Kusinthanso magawo a biochemical - alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, gamma - GGT, transaminase ndi michere ya chiwindi.
Zotsatira za cirrhosis ndi:
- hepatic encephalopathy;
- ascites;
- kutulutsa magazi m'mimba ndi zinthu.
Cirrhosis mu mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2
Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amatha kubereka kapena kumakula akadali aang'ono. Matenda amtunduwu amafunika insulin.
Ngati vuto la wodwala limasinthidwa pafupipafupi komanso molondola, ndiye kuti mwayi wamavuto a chiwindi si wabwino. Koma pokhapokha pakuchitika zochizira, thupi limayamba kupweteka, koma poyamba limakhala losalala popanda kupangika kwa ma node.
Ngati matendawa amadzichiritsa, ndiye kuti chiwindi chake chimagwira ntchito pakapita nthawi. Koma pamaso pa matenda amtundu woyamba 1 kumayambiriro kwa zamankhwala, njira ya pathological imayamba kutchuka. Izi ndichifukwa choti glycogen imadziunjikira m'chiwindi, zomwe zimachulukana ndikuyambitsa insulin.
Pambuyo pake, mkhalidwe wodwala umakhazikika. Komabe, ngati glycemia singathe kulamulidwa kapena wodwalayo akapanda kuthandizidwa mosamala, njira ya cirrhosis imachulukirachulukira. Pankhaniyi, hepatocytes amafa ndipo minofu yolumikizana imakula.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, chiwindi chimakhudzidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta mkati mwake komanso mawonekedwe amafuta a hepatitis. Komabe, njirazi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati palibe chithandizo chokwanira cha matendawa.
Zakudya zochizira matenda a shuga zovuta ndi matenda a cirrhosis
Zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mavuto a chiwindi ayenera kukhala olinganizidwa. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa matendawa ndikuwongolera moyo.
Ndi cirrhosis pamaso pa matenda a shuga a 2, kudya No. 5 ndiye njira yabwino. Menyuyu ali ndi kuchuluka kwamankhwala ochulukitsa komanso mapuloteni.
Kuphatikiza apo, lamulo lofunikira ndikuletsa mafuta ndi mchere, kuti thupi lilandire zinthu zonse zofunika popanda chiwindi.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zopangidwa zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zikhale ndi shuga zimapezeka muzakudya No. 5, zomwe zimakonzedwa m'njira ziwiri - zofunikira, zowiritsa. Muyenera kudya chakudya nthawi 5-6, kugawa ma servings kukhala ofanana.
Zakudya zamatenda a cirrhosis ndi mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2 zimatengera mitundu iyi ya zakudya ndi mbale:
- mkate wopanda imvi kapena zoyera dzulo;
- masoseji amkaka (owiritsa);
- mkaka, masamba msuzi wopanda mafuta;
- nsomba zam'nyanja (konda);
- zipatso (zatsopano ndi zouma);
- Zophika zosaoneka zodzaza ndi maapulo, tchizi tchizi, nsomba kapena nyama;
- osati nyama yamafuta (nkhuku, ng'ombe, kalulu, nkhuku);
- pasitala ndi zakudya
- masamba ophika kapena atsopano;
- mafuta mkaka otsika.
Amaloledwanso kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yochepa ya maswiti (kupanikizana, osati chokoleti, uchi). Mwa zakumwa, mabulosi, zipatso zamapapu ndi tiyi ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Masamba ndi batala zimatha kudyedwa, koma zochepa. Ndikuloleza kugwiritsa ntchito pilaf ndi kabichi chodzaza ndi nyama yopanda mphamvu ndi dzira 1 yophika patsiku.
Pazakudya zoletsedwa ndi shuga za mtundu wa 1-2 zimaphatikizapo msuzi wamafuta olemera, zinthu zatsopano zophika ndi kusuta, zamzitini, zamchere, zokazinga. Komanso, simungadye masamba osankhidwa, mazira okazinga kapena owiritsa owira ndi offal.
Ngakhale anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ayenera kusiya zakudya zonunkhira komanso zolemera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo bowa, tsabola, sipinachi ndi radara. Zonunkhira, chokoleti, ayisikilimu, nsomba zamafuta ndi nyama siziyenera kuphatikizidwanso muzakudya.
Kuphatikiza apo, nyama zonse zosuta komanso mkaka wonse sayenera kuphatikizidwa. Mwa zakumwa, mowa, wamphamvu, tiyi, khofi ndi madzi owala ndi oletsedwa. Zinthu zonsezi zimatha kuvulaza wodwala ndikuyambiranso kuyambiranso.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mawonekedwe a zakudya amatengera njira ya matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, ndi cirrhosis yolipiridwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni kumaloledwa. Chakudya choterocho chimakhala ndi michere yambiri ndipo timatsata zinthu zofunika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera.
Ndi mtundu wochiritsidwa wa matenda amitsempha, kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi kumalimbikitsidwa:
- mapuloteni a dzira;
- mkaka wa nonfat ndi tchizi chinyumba;
- chimanga (mapira, buckwheat, oatmeal);
- nsomba zamafuta ochepa.
Makamaka, zakudya zotere ziyenera kudyedwa ngati vuto la cirrhosis yolipidwa limayamba chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri. Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zomwe zili pamwambazi, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa maselo a chiwalo chowonongeka kumakhudzidwa ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chimakula.
Ngati matenda a cirrhosis adapangidwa, ndiye kuti chiwindi sichingagwire mapuloteni. Chifukwa chake, mtundu uwu wa chakudya uyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu kuzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena kuchepetsa kumwa kwake (mpaka 30 g patsiku).
M'pofunikanso kuchepetsa kumwa kwamafuta a nyama (kupatula batala) ndikupatsa chidwi ndi mafuta a masamba. Koma ngati vuto la dyspeptic litha, chomwe chitha kuchitika pakukula kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa mafuta tsiku lililonse kuyenera kukhala kwa 30 g.
Pazakudya za chakudya chamafuta, mu mtundu 2 wa shuga womwe umayendera limodzi ndi matenda enaake, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera 450 g patsiku. Komabe, ngati wodwalayo wanenepa kwambiri, ayenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe amasintha kadyedwe kake.
Nthawi zina ascites ndi edema amakula pamlingo wokulitsa matenda. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mchere ndi madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwa potaziyamu kuyenera kuthetsedwa pobweretsa zipatso zouma mumenyu:
- masiku;
- prunes
- nkhuyu;
- zoumba.
Kudzimbidwa, mkaka, beets, uchi, prunes, kefir, apricots ndi kaloti zitha kukhala zothandiza. Mu cirrhosis yovuta, masamba owala ndi zipatso zimasonyezedwanso. Ndipo vutolo likakhazikika pang'onopang'ono, tchizi chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, mafuta amkaka ndi msuzi wopepuka umalowetsedwa m'zakudya.
Mankhwala
Chithandizo cha matenda a chiwindi. Kuti izi zitheke, mankhwala a hepatotoxic ayenera kusiyidwa, kuchepetsedwa kwa thupi ndi hyperlipidemia ndi hyperglycemia.
Poyamba, chithandizo chimalimbikitsa kuchepetsa thupi mwakuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa chake, pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mutha kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha insulin mosavuta ndikuchepetsa kwambiri chiwindi steatosis.
Komabe, kuchepa thupi kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga nkoletsedwa. Kupatula apo, izi zimathandizira kukulitsa necrosis, fibrosis kapena njira yotupa. Chithandizo cha matenda otere chimachitika mosiyana. Chifukwa chake, sabata simungataye zosaposa 1.5 kg.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika a chiwindi ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Kupatula apo, mulingo wa kukonza kwa mahomoni ndi gluconeogeneis amachepetsedwa. Koma odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi chokhazikika, m'malo mwake, angafunikire insulini yambiri.
Kuteteza, kuyeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa maselo a chiwindi, dokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala a hepatoprotectors. Mankhwalawa ndi monga Hepa-Merz, Essentiale, Hepatofalk ndi Heptral.
Pankhani ya steatohepatitis ndi steatosis, othandizira omwe amachokera ku ursodeoxycholic acid akuwonetsedwa. Ursosan ndi wa ena omwe ali m'gululi, lomwe limakhala ndi chitetezo, anti-yotupa ndipo limapangitsa kutulutsa kwa ndulu. Kanema wapezeka munkhaniyi akuwuzani. momwe matenda ashuga angakhudzire chiwindi.
