Njira ya pathological yomwe kuphatikiza cholesterol imakhoma pamitsempha yamagazi imatchedwa atherosulinosis. Chifukwa chamabala, magazi ndi ziwalo zamkati, ubongo ndi miyendo ndizochepa, zotsatira zoyipa zimayamba, mpaka pakufa.
Kuwonongeka kwa mtima kumayambitsidwa ndi kuphwanya kwa lipid metabolism, pali kusintha pakati pa kayendedwe kazinthu zamagetsi ngati chinthu chamafuta.
Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa cholesterol ndi atherosclerosis
Cholesterol imatha kukhala yapamwamba, yotsika komanso yotsika kwambiri. Chinthu chokhala ndi zochulukirapo kwambiri chimakhala ndi ma molekyulu ambiri a mapuloteni, ndikofunikira kusamutsa mafuta ku chiwindi, kapangidwe ka cell membrane. Mafuta amtunduwu amatchedwa abwino, chifukwa amateteza mitsempha yamagazi ku njira zowonongeka.
Zinthu zokhala ndi zochepa komanso zochepa kwambiri zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa komanso mafuta ambiri. Izi zidutswa zimapangitsanso chitukuko cha zolembedwa za atherosulinotic. Kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa kayendedwe ka matenda, cholesterol m'dera lomwe limachepa pakadali pano limalowa mkati mwa zipolopolo. Microtraumas ikhoza kuyambitsa izi. Tsopano matendawa ndi asymptomatic, amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali.
Gawo lotsatira ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa mafuta m'malo ochulukirapo, kukula kwa minofu yolumikizika. Tinthu totseka limodzi ndi magazi kulowa m'matumba ang'onoang'ono, kotchinga magazi. Wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawo:
- angina akuwukira;
- kupweteka kwa zomwe zimakhudzidwa mkati;
- kudalirana pang'ono;
- Kuukira kwa ischemic.
Kupitilira apo, cholesterol plaque imakulirakulira, nkusowa. Ngati neoplasm ikadutsa lumen ya mtima, vuto la mtima limachitika m'derali. Diagnose ischemic stroke, gangore of the phele, myocardial infaration.
Malingaliro a gawo la cholesterol pakugonjetsedwa kwa mitsempha samathandizidwa ndi asayansi onse. Amakhulupirira kuti atherosulinosis ndi etiology ya m'thupi, yoteteza kumatenda komanso ma virus.
Pali maphunziro omwe atsimikizira mgwirizano pakati pa atherosulinosis ndi chidziwitso chaulere, kuphwanya chitetezo cha choroid, chlamydia, komanso kusokonekera kwa maselo osalala a minofu.
Atherosulinosis Cholesterol
Mosasamala kanthu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa komanso kutengera kwa mapangidwe a zamatsenga, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa kuwunika kwa lipid sipekitiramu kuti mudziwe njira zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pake. Mwa munthu wathanzi, zizindikiro za cholesterol zimagwirizana ndi jenda, zaka.
Amuna ochepera zaka 50 amakhala ndi ziwonetsero zambiri, ndiye kuti chiŵerengero chimasintha, chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha kusamba kwa akazi. Kuperewera kwa mahomoni amtunduwu kumasokoneza kagayidwe, nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi, kuyimitsidwa kwa chinthu chonga mafuta kumachitika ngakhale ndimatenda abwino komanso moyo.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa osachepera kamodzi pa miyezi 12 kuti muchite mbiri ya lipid (perekani magazi a cholesterol) kwa aliyense amene wadutsa zaka 35 mpaka 40, mosasamala kanthu za kukhalapo kwa zisonyezo. Ubwino wazikhalidwe zathu ndi zomwe zikuyimira:
- cholesterol wapamwamba kwambiri - 1.02-1.54 mmol / l;
- cholesterol yotsika kwambiri - osaposa 3,3 mmol / l;
- triglycerides - 1.65 mmol / l.
Malire a zofunikira amatsimikiziridwa ndi matebulo opangidwa mwapadera, koma pa labotale iliyonse amatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kupereka magazi kuchipatala chomwechi.
Chizindikiro cha vuto la thanzi ndikuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol yoyipa.
| malire | mpaka 4 mmol / l |
| mkulu | mpaka 5 mmol / l |
| owopsa | opitilira 5 mmol / l |
Zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwamagawo azinthu zamafuta ngati mafuta kuyenera kufunidwa kuphwanya mayamwidwe a cholesterol, mayamwidwe am'matumbo. Chithunzi chofananachi chimachitika ndi chotupa cha ma ducts a bile, chiwindi, blockage ya bile ducts.
Mu pachimake kapamba ndi pancreatic oncology, kuperewera kwa lipase kumachitika, komwe kumayambitsa kuthana kwa lipids kuchokera ku chakudya. Mu matenda a impso, kusintha kwa chinthu chonga mafuta kumisempha kumadziwika. Lipid kagayidwe kamachepetsedwa ndi kumwa mowa kwambiri, kusowa kwazinsinsi za insulin. Pazifukwa izi, odwala matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri amadwala atherosulinosis.
Pali magulu angapo owopsa a atherosulinosis, amaphatikizapo odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ndi mikhalidwe:
- kutengera kwa chibadwa;
- kusintha kwa thupi
- moyo wongokhala;
- kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'zakudya;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
- onenepa kwambiri.
Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo odwala omwe nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus komanso mabakiteriya, omwe amagwira ntchito m'makampani owopsa.
Pakakhala chizolowezi chotsitsa kukwera kwambiri kwa cholesterol, izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa pathologies a minofu ya mtima ndi mtima.
Pamene lipoproteins yafupika akapezeka, amalankhula za chitukuko cha matenda ammatumbo, kuchepa kwa magazi, chithokomiro.
Njira zokulitsira magwiridwe antchito
Mosasamala kanthu zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa cholesterol komanso kuchuluka kwa mtima wa atherosulinosis, zakudya zimasonyezedwa, ndikuwonetsa kuletsa kwamafuta a nyama. Chithandizo cha zakudya chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupewa matenda amtsempha wamagazi mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo.
Mfundo zachakudya zoyenera zimachepetsedwa kukanidwa kwa mwanawankhosa, mafuta anyama, nkhumba, margarine, offal, maswiti ndi zinthu zomalizidwa. M'pofunika kuchepetsa kuphika, mikate yoyera, pasitala, mbatata, mkati mwa sabata musadye mazira oposa awiri.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikize nsomba zam'madzi zophika, nyama zopanda mafuta, mkaka wopanda mafuta, chimanga, buledi, tirigu wam'madzi, mchere wa masamba, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba muzakudya.
Kuphatikiza pa zakudya, ndikofunikira kukonzekera njira yopumira komanso kugwira ntchito, osachepera theka la ola patsiku ayenera kupatsidwa masewera olimbitsa thupi, osachepera maola 8 ogona. Muyenera kusiya kusuta, kumwa mowa, ndi zina. Chofunikira kwambiri pakuchotsa matenda a mtima ndi kumwa kwa osaposa 20 ml ya mowa malinga ndi ethyl mowa.
Pofuna kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera:
- kuwongolera kulemera;
- yake kuchitira matenda am'mimba thirakiti;
- Chotsani zovuta za endocrine.
Mankhwala ena amachititsanso kuphwanya magazi kagayidwe, chifukwa chake ndikofunika kumwa mapiritsi pokhapokha ngati akuwafunsani ndi dokotala.
Njira zochizira sizibweretsa zotsatira, zimafunikira kusinthira ku mankhwala ochepetsa lipid.
Kodi cholesterol imapangidwa kuti?
Kapangidwe ka cholesterol kamakhala kofanana ndi bile acid, momwe kamasinthidwira musanalowe mu bile. Ndi kuchepa kwakumapeto kwa chinthu, cholesterol metabolism ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwake m'magazi zimakwiya.
Kutulutsidwa kwa chinthu chonga mafuta kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka, chakudya, kuchuluka kwa mafuta mmenemo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe kake kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mafuta a cholesterol. Ngati pali zovuta zamafuta a cholesterol, kuyanjana kwa njirazi kumasokonekera.
Kodi pakhoza kukhala atherosclerosis yokhala ndi cholesterol yokhazikika? Ma endocrine ndi mitsempha yamthupi imathandizira kwambiri pakupanga cholesterol ndi chiwindi. Mwa njira iyi, kugonana ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ntchito.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mafuta ndi cholesterol ndi chakudya kumakhudzanso chiwindi, komanso malamulo:
- wamanjenje;
- endocrine.
Chitsanzo ndi kuchepa kwa chithokomiro pogwira ntchito yambiri ya lipids.
Chifukwa chiyani pali atherosulinosis yokhala ndi cholesterol yokhazikika? Mavuto a cholesterol metabolism ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo a chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, osati chifukwa cha matendawa. Zizindikiro zakunja za matenda zimawonekera patachitika zovuta m'matumbo.
Chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe ka cholesterol, kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikuzungulira magazi. Potere, cholesterol imadutsa choroid wamkati, imachedwa, monga fayilo.
Makoma a zotengera amatengera kuphatikizika kwa chinthu chonga mafuta ndi kukula kwa minofu yolumikizika. Imaphimba cholesterol yokhazikika, mawonekedwe a bults mkati mwa mtsempha wamagazi. Popita nthawi:
- mitsempha ya lumen imachepa;
- zimasokoneza kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- kufa minofu kumachitika.
Lipid deposits yatsopano, minyewa yolumikizana ikukula mwachangu, njira ya patali imatha mpaka lumen itatsekeka kwathunthu. Zachitika kuti cholesterol plaque imamera pamalopo a chotengera, ndikupanga makoma ake. Kuchepetsa kapena kukhazikika kwa khoma lamanjenje ndizomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi zomwe zimapangitsa.
Matendawa amatuluka popanda kusapeza bwino, kupweteka kumachitika kokha ngati ziwalo siziperekedwa mokwanira ndi magazi. Izi zimachitika nthawi yomwe magazi amafunikira kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito.
Pankhaniyi, zopempha zowonjezereka sizikhutira, chifukwa mphamvu yakupatsira magazi yatayika. Chifukwa chomwe njala imachitika, kufa kwa maselo ena omwe amalandila magazi kudzera m'mitsempha yomwe yakhudzidwa.
Chifukwa chake, atherosulinosis ndi cholesterol ndizogwirizana.
Komwe zombo zimawonongeka nthawi zambiri
Panthawi yopanga atherosulinosis, zimayambitsa machitidwe mu chotengera chimachitika. Zolemba za cholesterol nthawi zambiri zimawonekera m'magawo amomwe am'magazi am'mimba momwe kupewera kwakukulu kumawonedwa.
Malo awa ndi mabenge ndi pakamwa pa zombo zazing'ono, nthambi yawo kuchokera ku zombo zazikulu ndi zotupa. Kusintha kwa atherosclerotic kumachitika m'malo omwe amakonda kuponderezana, kusintha kamvekedwe kawo. Malo ngati amenewa ndiwopseza, omwe amachititsa kuti ngozi ziziwonjezereka.
Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungathandizenso kukulitsa mkhalidwe wa pathological. Madotolo akuti ndiwofatsa komanso odwala matenda ashuga omwe amakonda kwambiri matenda a atherosulinosis kuposa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto wamba.
Panthawi yoyesera nyama zomwe kale zidapangidwira matenda oopsa, pakudya cholesterol, kusintha kwa atherosulinotic kunayamba mwachangu komanso m'malo akuluakulu.
Ndi matenda oopsa, katundu pamitsempha yamagazi amawonjezeka, motero matupi awo amachepa, njira ya atherosulinosis imakulitsidwa. Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kumathandizanso kukulitsa mkhalidwe wamatumbo. Zilonda za cholesterol zimawoneka ndendende pamalo omwe chotupacho chimapweteka komanso kuvulala.
Momwe mungachiritsire atherosulinosis akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
