Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala omwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachulukirachulukira chifukwa cholakwika ndi kapamba. Malinga ndi WHO, matendawa amatenga malo achitatu pambuyo pa matenda a mtima ndi oncology.
Komabe, sikuti amangokhala ndi majini anuwo, koma moyo wopanda ntchito ndi zizolowezi zoyipa zimatsogolera ku lamulo la matendawo. Komanso, kukula kwa matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia kumathandizira kuwononga chilengedwe komanso kusakhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Ndizachilendo kuti matenda ashuga angakhudze mwana komanso munthu wamkulu. Chifukwa chake, ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso: kodi ndizotheka kuchotsa matendawa mpaka kalekale? Kuti mumvetsetse mfundo yomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga akuchitika?
Musanamvetsetse momwe mungachotsere matenda ashuga, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimakhudza mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, ndizodziwika bwino kuti pali mitundu iwiri yamatenda - odwala omwe samadalira insulin komanso odwala insulin.
Mtundu 1, kapamba samatulutsa insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikusintha kwa glucose kukhala mphamvu. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umadziwika ndi insulin yokwanira komanso posagonjera maselo.
Njira yopezera mphamvu imachitika kudzera mu kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, zakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta m'maselo komanso chifukwa cha mapangidwe a amino acid. Izi zimachitika m'magawo awiri.
Panthawi ya anaerobic, zinthu zimagawika zigawo zitatu:
- mpweya woipa;
- lactic acid;
- madzi.
Pa gawo la aerobic, ndi gawo la mitochondria, njira za oxidative zimachitika. Pambuyo pake thupi limalandira pyruvic acid, mpweya woipa, madzi ndi mphamvu.
Komabe, mphamvu zamagetsi imodzi imodzi ndizochepa, motero zimayenera kumadziwidwanso. Izi zitha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kagayidwe.
Koma chimachitika ndi chiani mthupi la munthu yemwe amadya kwambiri zolakwika ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wopusa? Mwachilengedwe, maselo a chinthu choterocho amasiya kugwira ntchito yawo mwanjira yabwino, ndipo mitochondria imatupa kuchoka m'kusowa kwa chakudya, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kumachepa mtsogolo.
Muzochitika zotere, gawo lonse la aerobic gawo ndizosatheka. Pankhaniyi, thupi siliphwanya lipids, ndipo kugaya chakudya kuli ngati kupsa. Chifukwa cha izi, lactic acid imadziunjikira, ndikupanga mphamvu ndizosatheka.
Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu yama cell maselo, omaliza amakhala osatetezeka. Umu ndi momwe matenda ashuga amakulira: ntchito yopanga ma cell a pancreatic ikachepa, mtundu 1 umatuluka, ndi maselo a beta, wachiwiri.
Pankhaniyi, pamitengo yotsika mphamvu, ndikofunikira kusintha zakudya ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya. Komabe, ngati matenda ashuga apangidwa kale, chithandizo chamankhwala sichikhala chokwanira nthawi zonse.
Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga amawoneka molingana ndi mawonekedwe ena: mukalandira kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe thupi lilibe nthawi yoti lizikonza, kapamba amatulutsa insulini yambiri. Koma mahomoniwo samadyedwa kwathunthu, ndiye kuti, maselo amaleka kugwira ntchito moyenera ndipo samavomereza. Zotsatira zake, thupi limataya chidwi ndi insulin kenako mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga umachitika.
Ndizachilendo kuti ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto lotere amayamba kutenga ndalama zomwe zimayambitsa kugwira ntchito kwa maselo a beta, ndiye kuti izi zingoipitsa zinthu. Potere, zikondwererozi zimayamba kupanga insulini mwanjira yogwira kwambiri, yomwe ingathandizire kukulitsa zovuta komanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe osadalira insulini.
Ndi kuchepa kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, thupi silifunikira insulin yambiri. Ndipo kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kumapangitsa kuti mahomoni ambiri apangidwe.
Zotsatira zake, kusamvana kumawonekera, chifukwa chomwe thupi limatulutsa ma antibodies ku cell ya beta ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, matendawa amakhala autoimmune.
Momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga ndi zolimbitsa thupi?
Kuti mumvetsetse ngati zingatheke kuthetsa matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira. Yoyamba ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya matendawa, chifukwa gawo loyambirira la matenda aliwonse ndizosavuta komanso lothandiza kuchiza kuposa mawonekedwe omwe ananyalanyazidwa.
Chachiwiri ndi mkhalidwe wa kapamba. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa minyewa yokhudzana ndi insulin, chiwalocho chimagwira ntchito mowonjezera. Zotsatira zake, maselo atha, omwe angayambitse kuchepa kwathunthu kwa mahomoni, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyambitsa chithandizo chamanthawi, chomwe chingapangitse kuti pancreatic parenchyma.
Komanso, kukhalapo ndi chiwopsezo cha zovuta zimakhudza kupambana kwa machiritso. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga omwe alibe retinopathy, nephropathy ndi neuropathy ali ndi mwayi waukulu wochira.
Njira imodzi yabwino yochotsera matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kudzera m'maphunziro olimbitsa thupi. Kupatula apo, ndimtolo wokhazikika, maselo a beta amakula, opangidwa ndi insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, zidapezeka kuti pamasewera olimbitsa thupi, njira za metabolic zimayendetsedwa.
Pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, thupi limafunikira insulini kuti ichira. Chifukwa chake, ndikusankha koyenera kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komwe kumachitika pakulipira kwambiri kwa thanzi, maselo a beta amakula.
Komanso, katundu aliyense, pomwe minofu imakhudzidwa, amapopa magazi, kotero kuti amalowa m'malo osavomerezeka a mitsempha yamagazi. Kupanga mphamvu yamphamvu kumachulukanso kudzera mu kuperekera kwa mpweya ndi zinthu zina zofunika m'maselo.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti panthawi yamakalasi olimbitsa thupi, ma capillaries samangokhala mu myocardium, komanso mu ubongo. Komanso, panthawi yochita, kupuma komanso mtima zimayamba kugwira ntchito mwachuma.
Akatswiri azachipatala amatsimikizira kuti kutsegula kwa minofu yamatumbo kumapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi njira zosiyanasiyana azigwira:
- musculoskeletal;
- kupuma
- endocrine;
- chitetezo
- mtima;
- zamankhwala amodzi;
- kusinthana;
- mphamvu.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti maphunziro akuthupi sangakhale cholowa m'malo mwa insulin, koma ndi chithandizo chake ndizotheka kuchepetsa mlingo wocheperako. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, pakukula kwa zochitika, ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa athe kupitilira komanso kuwonekera kwa zovuta, atatha kuchira kwathunthu.
Koma ngakhale pali zovuta pamasewera, munthu sayenera kuyiwala, chifukwa kuwongolera mwadongosolo kumatha kukulitsa thanzi la wodwalayo.
Chithandizo cha zakudya
Mankhwala othandizira pakudya amathandiza kuti munthu azikhala wathanzi komanso azitha matenda. Ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulini, masamba ayenera kuchuluka pazakudya za wodwala.
Kuchuluka kwa mchere kumayenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala 5-10 g patsiku. Komanso, muyenera kuchotsa shuga muzakudya ndikuchepetsa kudya kwa 30 g tsiku lililonse.
Zakudya zamapuloteni ziyenera kuchuluka, ndipo zakudya zamagulu azangu siziyenera kudya konse. Zakudya ziyenera kumwedwa pafupipafupi (nthawi 5-8), koma zochepa. Shuga yokhazikika imatha kusinthidwa ndi zotsekemera.
Mndandanda wazinthu zofunika za matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin:
- mazira
- zipatso (zipatso, maapulo wowawasa);
- masamba (zukini, tomato, radishi, nkhaka);
- phala ndi phala lolimba;
- amadyera (saladi, sipinachi).
Zakumwa zololedwa zimaphatikizapo tiyi wopanda mafuta ndi mkaka ndi madzi oyera, omwe amayenera kumwa moyenera (malita awiri patsiku).
Pansi pa chiletso pali mtanda wa batala, mitundu yonse ya maswiti, mphesa, mchere komanso zakudya zonunkhira. Ndikofunikanso kupatula pa menyu mafuta mbale, mpiru ndi mphesa.
Momwe mungachotsere matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 omwe amasintha zakudya zopatsa thanzi? Ngati zovuta sizinakhalepo, ndiye kuti ndi zotheka kuchiritsa matendawa. Kuti muchite izi, chepetsani kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu kuyambira 2000 kapena kupitilira 1500 kcal patsiku.
Chifukwa cha kutsika kwa chakudya chama calorie, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepa, lomwe ndilo vuto lalikulu kwa odwala matenda ashuga onse. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusiyiratu chakudya chamafuta, mafuta a nyama ndi shuga wosavuta, chifukwa zonsezi zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kudya, monga matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, kuyenera kukhala kwamtundu wina.
Ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulini, zinthuzo zimagawika m'magulu atatu:
- Popanda zoletsa - chilichonse chololedwa ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1, kupatula nyemba, nyemba, tsabola, biringanya ndi kaloti.
- Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito zochuluka - mazira, mkaka, nyemba, mkate, nsomba, mbatata, nyama.
- Pansi pa chiletso pali zakudya zamzitini, margarine, mtedza, batala, maswiti aliwonse, njere, nyama yapa mafuta, nyama yamafuta, zonona, mayonesi, chakudya chamzitini, mowa.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zimayenera kupangidwa bwino tsiku lililonse kwa matenda ashuga. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi phala lambiri (mpaka makapu atatu).
Njira zina zochiritsira
Kodi ndizotheka kuthetsa matenda ashuga ndi mankhwala wowerengeka? Odwala ambiri amati glycemia imatha kukhazikika mwa njira zina zochiritsira. Komabe, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za tsankho lomwe lingachitike chifukwa chake, kuyankhulana kuchipatala sikungakhale kopepuka.
Nettle nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti metabolic njira ndi kuthetsa hyperglycemia. Kuti akonze mankhwala kuchokera pamenepo, chomera chimatsukidwa, chouma, nthaka ndikuthira mumtsuko (0.5 L). Kenako dzazani thanki pamwamba ndi vodika ndikuumirira masiku 7.
Yerusalemu artichoke sikuti amagwira shuga wambiri, komanso amathandizira kugaya ndipo amakhala ndi vuto lotupa. Mu shuga, amathanso kudyedwa mwatsopano ndi kuwiritsa, osaposa 2-3 mizu ya mbewu patsiku.
Zipatso za mabulosi abuluu, ma cranberries ndi ma buluu amakhalanso ochepetsa shuga chifukwa zimakhala ndi myrtilin. Koma ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito masamba azomera kuchiza matenda ashuga.
Kukonzekera mankhwalawa, wiritsani 1 lita imodzi yamadzi ndikuponyera masamba ochepa, kenako wiritsani chilichonse kwa mphindi pafupifupi zisanu. Kenako msuzi umasefedwa ndikuledzera m'miyeso 0,5. katatu patsiku musanadye.
Kwa mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga, kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a bay nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kukonzekera masamba 10, kutsanulira 250 ml ya madzi otentha ndikuumirira maola atatu.
Pamene kulowetsako kwazirala, kumasefedwa ndikugawidwa m'magawo atatu. Mankhwalawa aledzera theka la ola asanadye.
Mkaka wokhala ndi horseradish umakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino za hypoglycemic. Kukonzekera kuli motere:
- Wofesa amapangidwa kuchokera mkaka, ndikuwuthira pamoto.
- Horseradish ndi nthaka pa grater ndikuwonjezera acidic kumwa mu 1 tbsp. l
- Chochi chimayikidwa mufiriji kwa maola 6-8.
- Mankhwalawa amatengedwa musanadye kwa mphindi 30. 1 tbsp. l 3 tsa. patsiku.
Komanso, ndi matenda ashuga, othandizira adziwonetsa okha bwino. Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa zochokera 1 1 tbsp. l masamba owuma ndi zipatso amathira 300 ml ya madzi otentha ndikuumirira theka la ola. Kenako, mankhwalawa amasefedwa ndikugwidwa. 5 tsa. patsiku limodzi.
Pakumayambika kwa matenda ashuga, chithandizo chamankhwala chokhazikitsidwa ndi mizu ya burdock, masamba a mabulosi, masamba owuma nyemba ndi othandiza. Zosakaniza zonse zimaphatikizidwa chimodzimodzi kuti mupeze zosowa 60 g. Kenako amathira 1 lita imodzi yamadzi ozizira ndikuumirira maola 12.
Kenako, malonda ake amawiritsa kwa mphindi 5. ndi kunena mu thermos kwa mphindi zina 60, kenako osasefera. Msuzi kumwa 5 p. день chikho patsiku patatha mphindi 60. mutatha kudya.
Komanso, aspen ndi mankhwala antidiabetic wowerengeka. Supuni ziwiri zimathiridwa mu supuni imodzi ya khungwa lowuma. madzi ndikuwotcha kwa mphindi 30.
Kenako, msuzi umasiyidwa kwa maola atatu, kenako umasefa. Zitatha izi, mankhwalawa amatha kuledzera kapu ya kapu katatu patsiku musanadye kwa theka la ola. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kuli pafupifupi miyezi inayi. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akupitiliza mutu wa chisamaliro cha matenda ashuga.
