Dokotala akaganiza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi shuga wambiri, amamuuza kuti ayesedwe matenda a shuga.
Chiwerengero cha odwala omwe apezeka ndi matendawa chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Ku Russia, ndi zinthu za boma zokha zomwe zikusonyeza kuchuluka kwa odwala matenda ashuga okwanira 9.6 miliyoni.
Amakhulupirira kuti matendawa ndi zotsatira za moyo wosayenera. Zowonadi, anthu asiya kuyenda, amakonda kuyenda zowonjezereka, ma TV ndi zida zamagetsi akuchotsa ntchito zakunja, ndipo zakudya zoyenera zikusinthidwa ndi zakudya zopanda pake. Njira zonsezi zimakhudzanso thanzi la munthu. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zovuta zam'mimba zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta, kulemera kwa thupi komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukuchulukirachulukira.
Kodi zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi ziti ndipo zimapezeka bwanji? Kupatula apo, kupeza nthawi yake kumatithandizanso kudziwa zambiri za matenda akulu. Mayankho a mafunso amenewa mungawapeze m'nkhaniyi.
Kuzindikira matenda ndi ziyeso
Pali njira zambiri zofotokozera "matenda okoma."
Pa intaneti, mutha kuyesa mayeso a shuga omwe ali pa intaneti kuti adziwe matenda anu a shuga kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, yankhani mafunso omwe afunsidwa. Amaphatikizidwa makamaka ndi msinkhu, index ya thupi, shuga, magazi, achibale, komanso ena.
Pakudutsa mayesowa popanda mayeso, munthu akhoza kudziwa kuti ali ndi matenda otani. Komabe, zotulukapo zake ndizokayikira kwambiri, chifukwa kuti mupange matenda, muyenera kuphunzira kapangidwe ka magazi kapena mkodzo wa munthu.
Glucometer ndi chida choyezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chida choterocho chimatha kudziwa msanga komanso kukula kwa shuga kwa wodwala. Nthawi zambiri, mwa munthu wathanzi, glucose othamanga amakhala pakati pa 70 ndi 130 mg / dl.
Nthawi zambiri, ma glucometer amakhala ndi zingwe zoyesa ndi zoperewera. Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati pali shuga kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi?
Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:
- Sambani m'manja bwino ndi sopo musanachitike.
- Kanda ndikuchiritsa chala ndi antiseptic.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito chocheperako, kuboola chala kumbali.
- Chotsani dontho loyamba la magazi ndi chopukutira.
- Finyani yachiwiri pa Mzere wozungulira ndikuyiyika mu mita.
- Yembekezerani zotsatira pa chiwonetserochi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za A1C ndi kafukufuku wolondola wokhudza magazi. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kuyeza mulingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated kwa miyezi itatu ndikupeza mtengo wapakati.
Kutsimikiza kwa msinkhu wa shuga kumachitidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito mawayilesi oyesera a mkodzo. Komabe, njira yodziwitsira matenda siothandiza kwambiri. Mzere woyezera umatha kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi mulingo wabwinobwino wamagazi m'magazi, kupezeka kwake mkodzo kumachokera ku 0 mpaka 0,02%. Munthu akakhala ndi shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wowunika, amayenera kupita m'maphunziro owonjezera kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Monga mukuwonera, pali mayeso osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Komabe, posankha njira yabwino kwambiri, muyenera kukhazikika panjira zakufufuzira mwachangu.
Chiyeso chofotokozera, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer, ndipo nthawi zina kuyesa chingwe, chithandiza kuwonetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa glycemia.
Mitundu ya Matenda A shuga
Aliyense amadziwa kuti matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha zovuta za autoimmune. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya shuga - yodalira insulin (mtundu 1) ndi yosadalira-insulin (mtundu 2). Kuphatikiza apo, pali matenda a shuga osokoneza bongo komanso a neonatal. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu yamatendawa?
Kukula kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 kumachitika ndili mwana. Maselo a Beta omwe ali m'milumba ya Langerhans ya kapamba amasiya kutulutsa insulin. Chifukwa chake, jakisoni wa panthawi yake komanso wokhazikika wa timadzi timene amachepetsa shuga amathandizira kwambiri pothandiza matenda. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti 10% yokha mwa anthu onse odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu.
Ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Imadziwoneka yokha mwa anthu omwe amakonda kunenepa kwambiri komanso ali ndi chibadwa chobadwa nacho. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu ali ndi abale omwe ali ndi matendawa, ndiye kuti matendawa amawonekera mwa iye. Matenda a 2 a shuga nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu achikulire komanso okalamba. Matenda ofatsa amatha kuthandizidwa powona zakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosalekeza.
Matenda amishuga amakula mwa amayi apakati chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Ngakhale nthendayi nthawi zambiri imatha yokha pakapita padera, mayi woyembekezera ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti aletse matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi zovuta zina.
Neonatal shuga mellitus ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha chibadwa chosagwira bwino ntchito. Zotsatira zake, kapamba sangapangitse insulini kwathunthu.
Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga
Anthu ambiri amafunsa momwe angamvetsetsere kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga? Chithunzi cha chipatala cha matendawa ndichachikulu kwambiri. Choyamba, muyenera kulabadira kukodza pafupipafupi komanso ludzu losatha. Zizindikiro zoterezi mu shuga zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa impso.
Mkulu wamagazi akamachuluka, impso zimayamba kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti muchepetse shuga wambiri m'thupi.
Komabe, njirayi imafunikira madzi ambiri, omwe impso zimayamba kutenga kuchokera ku minofu ndi ma cell. Zotsatira zake, munthu amayendera zimbudzi pafupipafupi ndipo amafuna kumwa.
Zizindikiro zina zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti shuga yanu yakula ikuphatikizaponso:
- kamwa yowuma, njala yopanda tanthauzo;
- kupweteka mutu komanso chizungulire ndi matenda ashuga ndi prediabetes;
- kumva kuwawa kapena kuzizira kwa malekezero ake;
- kukwiya ndi kutopa kosalekeza;
- kuwonda msanga;
- kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- machiritso autali a mabala ndi zilonda zam'mimba;
- kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe;
- Khungu;
- mavuto azakugonana;
- kusamba mosalekeza mwa akazi.
Ndi kukula kwa matendawo, ubongo umakhudzidwa kwambiri. Popeza glucose samalowetsedwa bwino m'maselo, amataya mphamvu ndikuyamba "kufa ndi njala." Zotsatira zake, odwala matenda ashuga sangathe kulolera, kumva kupweteka mutu komanso kutopa. Munthu wokayikira ngakhale zina mwazizindikirozi, ayenera kupita kwa endocrinologist kukayezetsa matenda ashuga. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti zotsatira za matendawa zimatha kukhala zosatsimikizika, chifukwa chake, chithandizo chamankhwala chimayamba mofulumira, ndibwino kwa wodwalayo.
Koma kodi shuga imatsimikiziridwa motani? Mukuyenera kudziwa.
Zotsatira za kupezeka kwadzidzidzi
Ngati matenda a shuga sakhazikika pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti akhoza kukhala ndi zovuta zingapo.
Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mosasamala, kudya zakudya zoperewera, kuchepa kwa shuga wamagulu ena, komanso kusagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa zitha kukhala zinthu zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti matenda azidutsa.
Pa mankhwalawa matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malamulo onse omwe amakhalanso glycemia wabwinobwino.
Kupanda kutero, zotsatirazi zingachitike:
- Matenda a shuga, omwe amafunikira kuchipatala pomwepo, popeza pali chiyembekezo chachikulu cha kufa.
- Matenda a shuga a retinopathy ndi matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe opuwala, kusakhazikika kwa chifanizo ndi kumveka bwino, chifukwa cha kutupa kwa ziwiya zazing'onoting'ono mu retina zamaso.
- Matenda a shuga ndi nephropathy ndi matenda omwe amachitika chifukwa cha kuperewera kwaimpso kapena kulephera kwa impso.
- Mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic womwe kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi amatsika kwambiri.
- Kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa, pali mwayi waukulu wodwala komanso matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo.
- Kukula kwa angiopathy ndi matenda omwe makoma amitsempha amatha, ndikuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi kumachitika.
- Encephalopathy ndi njira yomwe magawo a ubongo amawonongeka. Amalumikizidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwapang'onopang'ono, kufa kwa maselo amitsempha komanso kuchepa kwa mpweya muubongo.
- Mavuto ena ndi monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda amtima komanso phazi la matenda ashuga.
Kudzisamalira mosaganizira bwino kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zosasangalatsa komanso zosasintha. Chifukwa chake, pamene mukumva zisonyezo wamba za matenda ashuga, kuyezetsa kumakhala kothandiza kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chachikulu ndikusankha njira yachangu kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri.
Kufunso: "Ndili ndi matenda ashuga, nditani pambuyo pake?" Yankho lake ndi losavuta - kuchitiridwa. Dokotala amapanga dongosolo la wodwala lomwe wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira. Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhalanso ofunikira. Ndi kuyang'anira mosalekeza, matendawa sakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, ndipo mutha kukhala nawo bwinobwino.
Mu kanema munkhaniyi, adokotala azikambirana za mayeso othandiza kudziwa matenda a shuga.
