Kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a shuga zikuwoneka ngati zogwirizana. Potengera maziko a matenda amtundu wa 2, njira za metabolic m'thupi zimasokonezeka, kotero munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi nkhawa kapena amakhala ndi mapaundi owonjezera.
Kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa insulin (mtundu 1) ndikofunikira. Matendawa amatchedwa matenda a achichepere ndi owonda, chifukwa mu zithunzi zambiri zamankhwala amapezeka muunyamata kapena zaka zazing'ono.
Komabe, odwala matenda ashuga amtundu 1 amayamba kukula mphamvu pazaka zambiri chifukwa cha moyo wopanda ntchito, kudya moperewera, kayendetsedwe ka insulin, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, ndiye funso nlakuti mungachepe bwanji thupi ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba?
Chifukwa chake, taganizirani momwe mungachepetsere thupi ndi matenda ashuga a 2? Zomwe muyenera kudya, ndipo ndizoletsedwa kudya chiyani? Kodi odwala amachepetsa bwanji insulin? Tiyankha mafunso onsewa munkhaniyi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa thupi komanso kuchepa kwa shuga
Monga tawonera kale, muzochitika zamankhwala, matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2 wa shuga amakumana kwambiri, komabe, mitundu yotsimikizika imadziwikanso - Lada ndi Modi. Mchitidwewu umakhala wofanana ndi mitundu iwiri yoyambayo, chifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa pazomwe zimadziwika.
Ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, odwala ndi ochepa thupi komanso khungu lotuwa. Chodabwitsachi chimachitika chifukwa chodziwika bwino kwa zotupa zapachifuwa. Pa nthawi yayitali, ma cell a beta amawonongeka ndi ma antibodies awo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusowa kwathunthu kwa insulin ya thupi m'thupi.
Ndiye timadzi tomwe timayang'anira kulemera kwamunthu. Izi pathological amatanthauzidwa ngati matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa izi:
- Timadzi timeneti timayendetsa magazi m'thupi la munthu. Ngati vuto lakapezeka, shuga amadziunjikira, koma minofu yofewa "imakhala ndi njala", thupi limasowa mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti achepetse thupi komanso kutopa.
- Pamene magwiridwe antchito wamba operekera zinthu zofunika akasokonekera, njira ina imayambitsidwa. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta asungidwe, iwo "amawotchedwa", amawoneka ngati otenthedwa, koma popeza palibe insulin, glucose imadziunjikira m'magazi.
Mfundo ziwiri ziwirizi zikaphatikizidwa, thupi silingathenso kudzikonzanso pazokha mapuloteni komanso lipids, zomwe zimayambitsa cachexia, kuwonda kumachitika mu shuga.
Mukanyalanyaza vutoli ndipo simuyamba kulandira chithandizo chanthawi yake, vutoli silimasintha - ziwalo zingapo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa izi zimawonetsa mawonekedwe a matenda ashuga; pallor ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi komanso kuchepa kwa mapuloteni amwazi. Ndikosatheka kukweza thupi mpaka glycemia ikhazikika.
Ndi matenda odziyimira pawokha, inshuwaransi ndiyowona, kuchuluka kwa kulemera kumachitika mu shuga.
Mkhalidwe wamtunduwu umabweretsa izi:
- Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka.
- Misonkhano yatsopano yamafuta ikuchedwa.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa thupi lonse chifukwa cha lipids.
Zotsatira zake ndi bwalo loipa. Kuonjezera thupi kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha m'thupi chichepe kwambiri ku insulin, komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi kumapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri.
Cholinga chachikulu cha matenda ashuga a 2 ndikupangitsa kuti maselo a beta azigwira ntchito mokwanira, kuzindikira mahomoni ndikuyamwa.
Udindo wa zofunikira za fiber ndi zakudya
Matenda "okoma" amapangitsa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi, motero wodwala aliyense amene akufuna kupeza yankho ku funso: momwe angachepetse anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti amafunikira chomera muyezo wofunikira.
Amapereka bwino digestibility ya chakudya chamafuta, amathandiza kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa zinthuzi m'matumbo am'mimba, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo ndi magazi, komanso amathandizira kuyereketsa magazi a poizoni ndi cholesterol.
Kuti muchepetse kulemera kwa wodwalayo patebulo la wodwalayo, ulusi uyenera kukhalapo osalephera komanso wokwanira. Zakudya za fiber zomwe zimalowa m'mimba zimayamba kutupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwa zotsatirapo kumawonedwa muzochitikazo pomwe michere yazomera ndi zovuta zovuta zimaphatikizidwa. Zakudya za matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba ndipo zoyamba zikuphatikiza masamba osiyanasiyana, azikhala pafupifupi 30% ya menyu wonse.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kumwa kwa mbatata, musanaphike muyenera kuwilitsidwa kuti muchepetse wowuma. Beets, kaloti, nandolo okoma samadyedwa koposa kamodzi patsiku, popeza ali ndi chakudya chambiri cholimbitsa thupi.
Kuti muchepetse kulemera kwa shuga, zakudya zimatengedwa ngati maziko a chakudya chamagulu: nkhaka, tomato, biringanya, squash, radish, sorelo. Mutha kudya mkate, koma pang'ono, kusankha zakudya zonse za tirigu, kutengera ufa wa rye kapena kuphatikiza ndi chinangwa.
M'matimu, kuchuluka kwa mapadi, othandiza kwa odwala. Chifukwa chake, amaloledwa kudya buckwheat, barele wa ngale, oatmeal ndi phala ya chimanga. Mpunga ndi semolina sizimaphatikizidwa muzakudya zoposa kamodzi pa sabata.
Kuchepetsa thupi mu shuga ndi ntchito yovuta, motero wodwala ayenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:
- Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1 ayenera kudya zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu. Chololedwa kudya zosaposa 30 kilocalories patsiku kutengera kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera kwa thupi.
- Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ayenera kutsatira kadyedwe kochepa kalori, amaloledwa kudya 20-25 kilocalories pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi. Chakudya chamtunduwu chimatanthawuza kupatula zakudya zonse zodzala ndi chakudya chamagulugi.
- Mosasamala mtundu wa matenda "okoma", wodwalayo ayenera kudya pang'ono, koyenera kuti pakhale zakudya zazikulu zitatu, zokhazokha zokhazokha.
- Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti njira yochepetsera thupi imakhala yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha zoletsa zambiri, koma ngati mumamatira ku menyu okhwima popanda kudzipereka, mutha kuchepetsa thupi.
- Patebulo pazikhala zinthu zomwe zimalembetsedwa ndi CHIKWANGWANI cha mbewu.
- Mwa zonse zakudya zamafuta patsiku, 50% ndi mafuta azipamba.
- Thupi limafunikira kupereka michere yonse yothandizika bwino - mavitamini, mchere, amino acid, ndi zina zambiri.
Muyenera kusiya kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, chifukwa zimadzetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, pomwe zimakulitsa chilimbikitso, chifukwa chomwe wodwalayo amaphwanya zakudya, overeats, zomwe zimakhudza kulemera kwa thupi.
Kuonda Kwambiri mu Matenda A shuga 1: Malamulo ndi Zinthu
Kunenepa kwambiri kumbali ya 1st matenda osachiritsika ndikofunikira. Komabe, popita nthawi, odwala ambiri amakhala ndi mapaundi owonjezera omwe amawoneka chifukwa chogwira ntchito zochepa, kudya kwambiri, mankhwala, etc.
Momwe mungachepetse thupi, muli ndi chidwi ndi odwala matenda ashuga? Choyamba, kuchitira zolimbitsa thupi kwathunthu kuyenera kubwezeretsedwanso, ndikuwongolera momwe muyenera kudya. Zonsezi ndi zina zimachitika motsogozedwa ndi endocrinologist ndi wazakudya pamodzi ndi mankhwala ndi insulin.
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, munthu wolephera ayenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chopatsidwa ndi chakudya, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsidwa, komanso, kuchuluka kwa insulini kuyenera kutumizidwa mukatha kudya komanso asanagone.
Kutengera kukula ndi kutalika kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, mlingo wa mahomoni umasinthidwa. Ngati wodwalayo amawonjezera mankhwala ena, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe achire amathandizira.
Malamulo Azakudya Zodwala
- Kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri m'magazi a shuga, zakudya zamafuta zimamwetsa, zomwe zimatengedwa mwachangu ndikuyamwa. Shuga samasiyidwa kwathunthu, m'malo mwa shuga ochita kupanga mmalo mwake amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Mphesa zouma ndi zatsopano, timadziti tamadontho tambiri ta zipatso siziyenera kusiyidwa ndi chakudyacho.
- Ndi chisamaliro chapadera, kuphatikizapo mbatata, Yerusalemu artichoke, zipatso zotsekemera ndi zipatso zouma pamenyu. Makamaka, nthochi, zinanazi, ma Persimmoni, nkhuyu, ma apricots owuma, prunes, mango, mitengo ya mkuyu.
- Chovomerezeka kudya zipatso / zipatso monga: lalanje, mphesa, makangaza, chitumbuwa, chivwende, vwende, sitiroberi, wakuda ndi wofiira currants, gooseberries, lingonberries, sea buckthorn.
- Onetsetsani kuti mukuwerenga XE zamasamba ndi zipatso. Kupumulanso kutha kupangidwa mogwirizana ndi parsley, katsabola, cilantro, tomato, nkhaka, biringanya, radishes, kabichi, turnips, beets.
Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso zamankhwala zikasankhidwa mokwanira, wodwala amatha kuchita nawo masewera aliwonse - tennis, kuvina, aerobics, kusambira, kuthamanga, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono.
Kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kumayendera limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwamafuta m'magazi, motero kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumayendetsedwa molamulidwa mwamphamvu.
Matenda A shuga Awiri
Odwala ambiri amafunsa kuti achepetse kulemera msanga ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kodi ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zingathandize? Ziyenera kudziwika nthawi yomweyo kuti njira yochepetsera thupi iyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso mtima.
Matenda a shuga ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndi malingaliro awiri omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu typiosis, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri opitirira zaka 40. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ngati muchepetsa thupi ndi 5% yokha, ndiye kuti izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa glycemia.
Kodi ndizotheka kuchepa thupi ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 popanda kuvulaza thanzi? Pali zosankha zambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira pamakhalidwe ena, regimen ndi zakudya za thanzi. Ndikukonzanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zikuwoneka kuti ndizofala kwambiri pamankhwala.
Odwala a shuga a Type 2 amalangizidwa kutsatira malangizo awa:
- Kukana kwa nyama. Izi zimaphatikizapo nyama, masoseji, masoseji, zinthu mkaka ndi tchizi, batala. Chiwindi, impso, mapapu, ndiko kuti, offal ikhoza kuphatikizidwa mumenyu 1-2 pamwezi.
- Ndikofunikira kupeza mapuloteni kuchokera ku nsomba zam'nyanja kapena nkhuku zopendekera, chifukwa bowa wina ndi woyenera.
- Magawo awiri mwa atatu a amuna ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso, pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo afunikira kusintha kwamphamvu m'thupi.
- Kuledzera kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic - pasitala, zamapichesi, mbatata zimachepetsedwa.
Zinthu zonse zomwe zimayambitsa mayesero - maswiti, makeke okoma ndi zina zowulula ziyenera kutha kuchokera mnyumbamo. M'malo ndi zipatso ndi zipatso. M'malo mbatata yokazinga, idyani msuzi wowotcha, m'malo mwa khofi - chakumwa cha zipatso ndi timitsitsi tatsopano tofinya.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndiye njira yachiwiri yovomerezeka yamankhwala. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira chidwi cha insulin, kupangitsa kuti magazi azithamanga m'thupi ndi kagayidwe kachakudya, komanso kupatutsa kuperewera kwa mpweya m'maselo.
Kodi ndizotheka kusintha shuga ndikudya?
Zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga zimafuna zoletsa zina, kuphatikizapo shuga ziyenera kuperekedwa. Komabe, kufunikira kwa zakudya zotsekemera kumakhala kwachilengedwe, kunganenedwe kuti kupezeka pamlingo wakubadwa.
Sikovuta kuti wodwala akane maswiti komanso amve bwino. M'miyeso yambiri, posakhalitsa kusokonezeka kumachitika, chifukwa chakudya chikaphwanyidwa, glycemia imachulukana ndipo njira ya matenda amakula.
Chifukwa chake, menyu a matenda ashuga amakulolani kudya zotsekemera. Phindu lake ndikuwunikira komwe mumadziwa bwino, kumachepetsa mphamvu ya kuwola kwa dzino ndikuwonjezereka kwa shuga.
Zakudya zochepetsa thupi ku shuga zitha kuphatikizira izi:
- Cyclamate imadziwika ndi otsika kalori, imasungunuka bwino mumadzi aliwonse.
- Aspartame imawonjezeredwa zakumwa kapena zophika, zimakhala ndi kukoma kosangalatsa, sizikhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu, magalamu 2-3 patsiku ndizovomerezeka.
- Acesulfame potaziyamu ndi zinthu zochepa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe sizimachulukitsa glucose m'magazi, sizimayamwa mgawo la m'mimba ndipo zimatuluka mwachangu.
- Suprasitis sikuletsa kuteteza thupi mu mtundu 2 wa shuga, samalowetsedwa m'thupi, ilibe ma calories.
- Stevia ndi cholowa m'malo mwachilengedwe chopanda shuga, chomwe chimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika zakudya zamagulu.
Saccharin (E954) - malo okoma kwambiri a shuga, omwe ndi ochepa calorie, samatengedwa m'matumbo.
Zosaposa 0,2 g za saccharin ndizovomerezeka tsiku lililonse, chifukwa zimakhudza m'mimba mucosa.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi komanso matenda ashuga
Kuchepetsa thupi mu matenda ashuga kuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kochita bwino. Ndibwino kuti mupite kumasewera kuti mupeze phindu loyenera komanso kuti muchepetse kunenepa.
Kuchepetsa thupi mu shuga ya 2 komanso matenda oopsa kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa zinthu zambiri zolimbitsa thupi zimatsutsana ndi odwala. Poterepa, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala za upangiri wophunzitsira.
Monga lamulo, adokotala amalola masewera olimbitsa thupi kunyumba, kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kapena masitepe ofulumira ngati kulemera kuli kwakukulu. Ndikofunikira kuti musangolamula glucose wamagazi okha, komanso zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupewa kuchulukitsa.
Zochita zotsatirazi ndizovomerezeka:
- Kusambira
- Ochita masewera
- Kukwera njinga.
- Kuyenda
- Yoga odwala matenda ashuga.
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
Mitundu yomwe yatchulidwayi ndiyoyenera kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60 ngati palibe zotsutsana ndi chipatala. Sikulimbikitsidwa kukweza zolemera, katundu wotereyu samathandizira kuti muchepetse kilogalamu.
Matenda a 2 a matenda a shuga ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amafunikira kuwunika tsiku lililonse. Chinsinsi cha moyo wathunthu ndicholemereranso kulemera kudzera muzakudya zoyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukhalabe ndi glucose pamlingo womwe mukufuna.
Malamulo a kuchepetsa kulemera kwa shuga akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
