Kusintha kwa dzina la matendawa "diabetesic encephalopathy" kunapangidwa ndi wasayansi wotchedwa R. De Jong. Mwambowu umachitika kuyambira mu 1950. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupipafupi momwe matenda amapezera matenda ali pamtunda kuchokera pa 2.5 mpaka 78 peresenti. Matendawa amadziwika ndi machitidwe a pathogeneis, kumene, komanso muyeso wowonetsera.
Matenda a diabetes a encephalopathy amakhala pamwamba pa mndandanda wa matenda onse am'mimba ogwidwa ndi matenda ena. Matendawa amapezeka kawirikawiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kukhumudwa, chifukwa zikuwoneka kuti ntchito zaubongo ndi matenda a shuga ndi malingaliro osalumikizidwa mwanjira iliyonse.
Komabe, zonse ndizosavuta, popeza zonse zimalumikizidwa mkati mwa thupi. Kusintha pafupipafupi kwa ndulu ya plasma glucose kumayambitsa vuto la metabolic. Kuyankha pazomwe zikuchitika ndikutulutsa zinyalala za metabolic m'magazi. Kudzera m'magazi, zinthuzi zimafikira minyewa ya muubongo.
Milandu yambiri yamakono imaperekedwanso ndi atherosulinosis. Zotsatira zamankhwala zimawoneka ngati zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zopanda chakudya, zopanda thanzi, komanso kunyalanyaza malangizo azachipatala. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kumayambitsa zovuta mu kayendedwe ka magazi, kuphatikizapo ubongo.
Izi pakapita nthawi zimayambitsa kukhazikika kwa kusintha kwa dystrophic mu ubongo. Likukhalanso kuti kusinthasintha kowopsa kwa magazi m'thupi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga encephalopathy mu matenda a shuga mellitus, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kukomoka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ndiye chifukwa chake aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lake, kuwunika shuga wamagazi, kutsatira malangizo onse a endocrinologist.
Zizindikiro za matendawa
Matenda a diabetesic encephalopathy samawoneka nthawi imodzi, kukula kwake kumatenga nthawi yayitali, komabe, poyambira, zizindikirazo ndizofooka kwambiri. Makamaka chidwi chake chiyenera kulipidwa kwa asthenic syndrome, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu, komanso kufooka kwa thupi.
Kuphwanya kumabweretsa chakuti wodwalayo amayamba kufooka kwambiri, amatopa kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi matenda a shuga, kugwira ntchito kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Kuwonetsedwa kwa chizindikiro ichi kumawoneka ngati chifukwa chabwino kukaonana ndi dokotala yemwe, pambuyo pa maphunziro angapo, akhoza kukhazikitsa kuzindikira koyenera.
Vutoli, lomwe limatchedwa diabetesic encephalopathy, limadziwikanso ndi:
- kupezeka kwa kusowa tulo;
- chiwonetsero cha vegetovascular dystonia;
- kupweteka mutu, komanso chizungulire;
- kusokonezeka ndende, chidwi;
- kuwonetseredwa pafupipafupi kwa nkhawa, kutopa mtima. Wodwalayo atha kusiya kukonda, chidwi chamoyo. Nthawi zina, mantha amtundu, kupsa mtima kapena kufupika kwakanthawi kumawonetsedwa.
Zosintha zikuchitika ndicholinga choti ubongo ulibe mpweya wokwanira, choncho alibe zida zokwanira zogwira ntchito moyenera. Chizindikiro ichi nthawi zambiri chimakhala popanda chidwi, motero matendawa amapita patsogolo.
Gawo lachiwiri la matendawa limakula mwachangu, pomwe gawo lachitatu limayanjanitsidwa kale ndi zovuta m'maganizo a odwala matenda ashuga. Wodwala yemwe sanyalanyazidwa samasiya mkhalidwe wopsinjika, wokhumudwa, wophatikizika ndi machitidwe osakwanira komanso manic syndrome. Zizindikiro zosonyeza kupangika kwa njirayi ndizovuta kuphonya.
Matenda a diabetesic encephalopathy amachititsanso matenda a dystonia yodziyimira pawokha, yomwe imawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro chazovuta zam'chipatala chofunsidwa. Popita nthawi, wodwalayo amatenda matenda am'miyendo, kukomoka, ndi paroxysms yamasamba. Zovuta monga:
- Vestibular-ataotic zovuta, yodziwika ndi kusayenda bwino poyenda, chizungulire, kusokonekera bwino kwa kayendedwe.
- Mavuto a upper-stem, kuphatikizapo kuphwanya kutembenuka, anisocoria, komanso zizindikiro za kuperewera kwa piramidi.
Anisocoria ndi chodabwitsa chomwe chizindikiritso chake chodziwika ndiwosiyana ndi ana. Ngati maso a wodwalayo asiya kusuntha kapena kusunthasuntha m'malo mwake, titha kulankhula za vuto lomwe limatchedwa kutembenuka mtima.
Zomwe zimachitikanso ndi miyendo, yomwe ntchito yake imakhudzidwa ndi kuperewera kwa piramidi.
Mkhalidwe wa chapakati wamanjenje ndi chisonyezo chotsimikiza chomwe chimazindikira matenda, ngakhale magawo oyamba.
Njira ya matendawa
Matenda a diabetes a encephalopathy mu magawo oyamba amafotokozedwa ndi zovuta kuzisintha kukumbukira. Mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umathanso kukhala limodzi ndi mavuto ogona komanso kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe ake.
Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga omwe amachititsa kuti munthu adwale matenda am'mimba amatha kuwapeza kuyambira pachiyambi, koma mofooka. Kuwonetsedwa kwa deta yawo sikumalumikizidwa osati kokha ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya, komanso ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu, popanda zomwe maselo amanjenje sangathe kugwira ntchito kwathunthu.
Chifukwa chake, thupi limakakamizidwa kuti likhale ngati dongosolo lothandizira, zomwe zimapitiliza kugwira ntchito zomwe zimayambitsa vuto, lomwe limadziwika ndi kudziunjikira kwambiri kwa mankhwala oopsa chifukwa cha kagayidwe.
Pali ma syndromes angapo omwe amagwirizana ndi matenda:
- Asthenic syndrome imadziwonetsera pamaso pa ena onse. Zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi kutopa, kufooka, kukhumudwa, ulesi. Wodwalayo amadandaula za kuchepa kwa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa mkwiyo, kusakhazikika mtima.
- Cephalgic syndrome imatsatana ndi mutu wopanda pake wamphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Odwala nthawi zambiri amafotokoza ululu ngati kupindika, kuzungulira, ndikuwayfanizira ndi "mkono" wokutira mutu. Odwala ena amakhalanso ndi vuto losaneneka mkati mwa mutu.
- Autonomic dystonia imalumikizidwa ndikuwonetsedwa kwa zovuta zamasamba, zimayendera limodzi ndi kutentha kwamphamvu, kumverera kwa kutentha, kukomoka komanso kukomoka.
- Kuwonongeka kwazidziwitso kumawerengedwa ngati kuphwanya ntchito zazikulu za ubongo. Wodwalayo amavutika ndi kukumbukira, atopa, amagwiritsa ntchito molakwika zambiri zomwe adalandira, sangathe kuganiza bwino, amakhala wopanda nkhawa.
Gawo lomaliza la matendawa limagwirizanitsidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi zovuta zomwe zimatchulidwa pakugwira ntchito kwa gawo lamanjenje. Zizindikiro zazikuluzosasamala za matenda a shuga omwe amachititsa kuti matenda ashuga akhale:
- Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito zamagalimoto. Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, wodwalayo sangathe kuchita zina zoyambira.
- Mutu wowopsa wa matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri ululu suwatha.
- Kuwonongeka kwa zomverera m'malo ena a khungu.
- Kwakanthawi, magawo amaso amodzi amatha kutayika;
- Convulsive syndrome, yomwe imakhala yovuta kusiyanitsa ndi khunyu.
- Kupweteka kwamkati m'dera la impso, chiwindi, ndi zina.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa munthawi yake, chifukwa nthawi yoyambira imatha.
Magawo azotsatira za kukula kwa matendawa kumabweretsa zovuta zosasinthika zomwe wodwalayo amakhala ndi moyo mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake.
Zowopsa za odwala matenda ashuga
Zowopsa zomwe zimayambitsa kuwoneka kwa matenda ashuga a m'mimba mwa odwala omwe adwala matenda a shuga ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:
- Kuchepetsa zovuta mu wodwala.
- Kukhazikika kwa umunthu.
- Kutalika kwa matendawa kumatha zaka khumi.
- Malo okhala ndi microsocial oyipa.
- Kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi ndi kupsinjika kwa psychoemotional, zomwe zimapangitsanso chidwi.
- Matenda a shuga samalipilidwa mokwanira, zakudya sizimatsatiridwa, moyo wongokhala umachitika, zonse zomwe dotolo amalamula zimanyalanyazidwa.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga (encephalopathy) ayenera kukhala okwanira. Wodwalayo ayenera kuwunika magazi nthawi zonse. Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga okhazikika zimawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopetsera komanso kuchizira yomwe imathandizira kuti matenda a shuga asakhalepo.
Lamuloli ndilofunikira makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu wachiwiri kuti awone, chifukwa ma metabolic amalephera pamtundu wa majini, chifukwa chake, amatha kuchitika ngakhale ndi shuga.
Kuti muthane ndi vuto la metabolic, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito antioxidants, mapangidwe olimba, komanso cerebroprotectors. Kuchiritsa matenda amitsempha, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito Pentoxifylline, yomwe imapangitsa magazi kutuluka, amachotsa mamvekedwe am magazi ambiri, komanso amalepheretsa kusintha kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amathandizira kuthetsa poizoni, komanso amathandizira kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi mkati mwa thupi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amalamula odwala odwala matenda ashuga a matenda osiyanasiyana.
Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero chaimfa chimakhalabe chokwera kwambiri, malamulo onse a imfa amatha kupewedwa. Popewa imfa, wodwala matenda ashuga sayeneranso kumwa mowa kapena kusuta.
Zambiri pa matenda ashuga a m'mimba zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
