Chithandizo cha matenda amadzeru

Atherosclerosis ili pamndandanda wa matenda oopsa, ngakhale poyamba ungawonekere kukhala wosiyana. Sichikhala ndi chitukuko mwachangu, zizindikirazo zimatha kuphatikizika ndikujambula zithunzi za ma pathologies ena.

M'malo mwake, atherosulinosis pang'onopang'ono koma imakhudza mitsempha yonse ya thupi motsatana, pang'onopang'ono imachepetsa kuunika kwa mitsempha ya magazi ndikutseka magazi. Izi zimabweretsa ischemia, kusokoneza ntchito ndikuletsa ntchito ya ziwalo.

Kufalikira kwa atherosulinosis mthupi

Nthawi zambiri, atherosulinosis imakhudza mitsempha ya magazi mozungulira - minyewa, ziwiya zamagawo am'munsi, komanso mitsempha yaubongo.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagetsi ya miyendo, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera: dzanzi ndi kuzizira kwamapazi, kulephera kudziwa kutuluka kwamiyendo m'munsi, komanso kuwonongeka kotsika kwa khungu, kusasangalatsa kwa khungu pakulimbitsa thupi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mbali yakutsogolo ya mwendo (popeza mulibe minyewa yocheperako ndipo, motero, zotengera zochepa, ischemia imakula mwachangu), zilonda zam'mimba zimapangika, zomwe zimatha kukhala zigawenga kapena njira ya khansa. Matendawa ndi vuto la miyendo, ndipo pamapeto pake limayambitsa magazi poyizoni ndi kufa.

Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zokhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa msempha, chifukwa cha kutalika kwake mu thupi la munthu - kuchokera kumanzere kwamitsempha kumtima mpaka kumapeto kwake.

Mchitidwewo ungathe kusanjidwa mu:

1. Zombo zama coronary ndi chiopsezo cha moyo chomwe chingapangitse kuphwanya kwamoyo. Kwambiri, ndizofanana ndi angina pectoris - kukanikiza ndikusunga kupweteka kumbuyo kwa kupsinjika, kupuma movutikira, kufooka, nkhawa, kumva mantha kapena mantha. Pankhaniyi, chizindikirocho ndi nthawi ya ululu kwa maola angapo ndi kukana kwake kwa nitroglycerin, mosiyana ndi angina pectoris;
2. Ngati kuwonongeka kwa pamimba aorta, makamaka mesenteric mitsempha, atherosclerosis amatenga mawonekedwe a kuphwanya kwam'mimba thirakiti ndi mtundu wa chakudya poyizoni: kusanza, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, kuphwanya magazi mu mawonekedwe a kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba. Zizindikiro sizimayima ndi antispasmodics ndikuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi;

Mitsempha yokhazikika pamlingo wa nthambi yake m'chigawo cha pelvic, zizindikiro zowonongeka m'mitsempha ya akazi zimawonedwa.

Kuwonetsera koyamba kwa kuwonongeka m'mitsempha ya ubongo

Atherosulinosis ya ziwiya za muubongo ndi brachiocephalic thunthu imakhala ndi zizindikiro zenizeni, zomwe zimawonekera pokhapokha matendawa komanso pafupifupi osasinthika.

Makina oyamba a matendawa ndi kutopa kwambiri komanso kufooka, komwe kumatha miyezi yambiri ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zaka. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu nthawi zonse amapeza zifukwa zake, monga: zoletsa kugwira ntchito kwambiri, kupanikizika kosalekeza kapena kusinthasintha kwanyengo.

Popita nthawi, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kosalekeza, chifukwa mphamvu yamanjenje imagwira ntchito m malo osungika kosatha mu vuto la kuperewera kwa mpweya wa oxygen, chifukwa zombo zimadzazidwa nthawi zonse.

Pakadali pano, matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwangozi pakachitika mayeso kapena popereka magazi ku lipids.

Mu 90% ya milandu, atherosulinosis imafikira gawo lina lachitukuko - pamene kuchuluka kwa kufalikira kumafikira kupitilira theka la chilolezo. Kenako zizindikirazo zimayamba kufalikira.

Zimawonjezeranso chizungulire pakuwoneka thupi komanso kupuma, ululu m'mutu ndi khosi, kusefukira kwa "ntchentche" komanso kupezeka kwa malo amdima pamaso pa maso, tinnitus. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha hypoxia yamapangidwe amtundu wa ubongo monga zida za vestibular, mitsempha ya optic ndi cerebellum.

Mofanananso ndi izi, wodwalayo pang'onopang'ono amakula mkhalidwe wokhumudwitsa, womwe abale amatha kuzindikira. Zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi ubongo, zizindikiro zenizeni zowononga minyewa ya ubongo, zikukula pang'onopang'ono.

Ndi zotupa zochulukirapo za cerebellum, kusokonezeka mu gawo lagalimoto ndikugwirizanitsa kumayamba. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kunjenjemera kwa malekezero kapena kunjenjemera kosagwedezeka, kugwedeza mutu, kusuntha kwadzidzidzi kwa manja.

Malo olankhulira otsatirawa ali ndi vuto. Mawuwo amakhala oseketsa, osokonezeka, komanso azikaikira. Izi zimakopa chidwi cha chilengedwe, zimapangitsa wodwalayo kumva kuti ali ndi vuto, komanso zimatha kum'pangitsa kuti ayang'ane ndi dokotala.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za ubongo woperewera

Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike panthawiyi, gawo lotsiriza limayamba.

Amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa kukumbukira, pang'onopang'ono, koma pomaliza pake. Poyamba, izi zimawonekera mwa kuyiwala mayina ndi masiku, kenako zochitika ndi anthu amaiwalika, ndipo pamapeto pake dementia imayamba.

Awa ndi vuto lalikulu, makamaka kwa mabanja ndi abwenzi, chifukwa matenda amtundu wa dementia amachititsa kuti anthu ambiri asakhale ndi vuto.

Munthu sangathe kugwira ntchito zapakhomo - kuyambira pakumangiriza m'masitolo mpaka kudya chakudya, luso lodzithandiza limatha.

Gawo ili nthawi zambiri silikwaniritsidwa kuti lithe kuyambiranso ndipo limatha ndi stroke - ischemic kapena hemorrhagic.

Ischemic stroke imapangidwa chifukwa chakutseka kwa chotengera ndi cholembera cha atherosocolotic, pamakhala vuto lakufa la mpweya ndipo ischemia yokhala ndi necrosis.

Kuchepa kwa hemorrhagic kumachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwa chotengera chomwe chikukhudzidwa, chomwe chimatsogolera magazi ambiri ndikuwukanso kwa minyewa yaubongo ndi magazi, komwe kumayambitsa kuphwanya kwa ubongo ntchito.

Komanso, kugunda kulikonse kumayambitsa matenda a edema, omwe amawonetsedwa ndi kusunthika komanso kukoka kwa magawo a ubongo, makamaka tsinde la ubongo. Ndi mmenemu momwe malo ofunikira kwambiri opumira pamtima, kupuma ndi kumeza amapangidwira. Popanda iwo, munthu amafa patapita mphindi.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake atherosulinosis yamitsempha yachiberekero iyenera kuzindikirika pamlingo wazizindikiro zoyambirira ndipo mankhwalawa amayenera kuyambitsidwa kuti zotsatira zoyipa zisamachitike.

Njira yodziwitsa atherosulinosis

Kudziwitsa wodwalayo nthawi zonse kumayamba ndi kufufuza kwa wodwala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a pathology ndizowopsa, kuzindikira kwawo ndikuchotsa kumathandizira kuchepa kwa matendawa.

Mndandanda wazinthu zazikulu umaphatikizira kuzindikira zoopsa.

Kwa atherosulinosis, zinthu zoopsa ndi izi:

• Kusuta - izi sizingoganizira kuchuluka kwa ndudu zokha patsiku, komanso chidziwitso cha kusuta. Izi zimadziwika ndi kuchuluka komanso kutalika kwa zinthu zomwe zimakwiyitsa pakhungu la ziwiya, makamaka okalamba;
• Kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa matenda a shuga - kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse kumapangitsa kuti matendawo asadutse kwambiri komanso ndizomwe zimapangitsa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kulumala;
• Kuchulukana kwa kunenepa kwambiri, ngati kulipo. Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chiopsezo cha matenda ambiri amtundu wa endocrine ndi mtima, monga matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa, motero;
• Zakudya zopanda pake komanso kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi - zovuta zimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Komanso, pansi pazinthu izi, zombo zazikulu zimayamba kuwonda, zimakhala zochepa komanso zowonongeka, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwawo;
• Kumwa mowa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa kumayambitsa kuonekera kwa matenda a chiwindi, omwe amachititsa kuti mafuta a m'magazi akhale oopsa m'mitsempha yamagazi. Popanda izi, zolembera za cholesterol zotsekera magazi zimapangidwa m'mitsempha kuchokera ku lipids yowonjezera. Komanso malembawo angachokere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka. Nthawi zambiri awa amakhala m'mitsempha yam'mapapo, ndipo izi zimatsogolera ku infarction ya pulmonary ndikumangidwa.

Komanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawo azioneka zimatha kulemedwa ndi chibadwa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuchokera kwa wodwala ngati pakhala zochitika za atherosclerosis m'banjamo, popeza nthendayi imatha kukhala ya banja.

Ndipo kuonetsetsa thanzi la mabanja onse, kupewa kungachitike kuyambira ubwana.

Njira Zothandizira Kudziwitsa

Pambuyo pafunso, wodwalayo amayesedwa.

Kuti afotokozere za matendawa, dotoloyo akuwunikira kuti ayambe kuwerengera mayeso osiyanasiyana.

Atalandira zotsatira za mayeso, adotolo azitha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa matenda a matenda am'matumbo ndikuzindikira kufunika koyezetsa kothandizadi

Pazotsatira zakusanthula kwa zasayansi, adokotala amatha kuwona:

1. Pakuwunika kwaponseponse kwa magazi a atherosulinosis, kuwonjezeka kwa erythrocyte sedimentation rate ndi kuwonjezeka kwa C-reactive protein kumawonedwa. Izi zikuwonetsa kutupa komwe kumachitika mthupi;
2. Pakuwunika kwamwazi wamagazi amitundu, mbiri ya lipid ikuyang'ana. Zimawonetsa ubale pakati pa tizigawo ta lipid. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yokwanira pafupifupi 5 mmol / L. ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, manambala amawonjezeka kwambiri ndikamakulirakulira, matendawa akamakula. M'pofunikanso kulabadira kuchuluka pakati pa lipoprotein otsika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, woyamba sayenera kupitirira 3 mmol / l, ndipo wachiwiri - osachepera 1 mmol / l. Zabwino, ngati ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri, ndibwinopo, popeza ali ndi katundu woletsa cholesterol "woyipa" ndikuchichotsa m'thupi;

Kenako amasinthira njira zowunikira kuti zitsimikizire kapena kuti zatsutsa matendawo.

Njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi radiology. Imatha kuzindikira zolembera zam'mitsempha mu ubongo. Komabe, njirayi ilinso ndi zovuta zina - poyamba, izi ndizosavomerezeka mu chithunzichi. Kachiwiri, ngati kashiamu sanakhalebe ndi nthawi yoti ayikemo, ndiye kuti chotupa sichitha kuwonetsedwa mufilimuyi. Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pazowopsa.

Njira yatsatanetsatane yotsatsira ndi angiography mosiyana. Muli pobweretsa lingaliro losiyanitsa kulowa m'magazi ndikuwonetsera patency ya magazi pazenera. Ngakhale ndizowonongera, zimawonedwa kukhala zotetezeka ku mankhwala amakono.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa ma ultrasound a ziwiya zaubongo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka, mu Doppler mode, zimathandizira kuzindikira kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa mapepala popanda kulowa thupi.

Njirayi imawerengedwa ngati golide woyenera kudziwa matenda a atherosulinosis chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake komanso chitetezo.

Chithandizo cha atherosermosis ndi mapiritsi

Mankhwalawa atherosulinosis, njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutengera siteji ndi njira ya matendawa.

Kuthekera kochepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kudzera pakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kunyumba kumaganiziridwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa mu 20% ya milandu matendawa amatha kubwezeretsedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito njira izi zokha.

Komabe, ndi kusachita bwino kwa njirayi, mankhwala amaikidwa.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amakhala am'magulu osiyanasiyana a mankhwalawa, koma chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake, zotsatira zabwino zochizira zimatheka.

Zida izi ndi:

• Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol, akumaphwanya njira yachilengedwe chake m'thupi. Awa ndi ma statins ndi ma fibrate, omwe amalepheretsa kukula kwa mevalonate m'chiwindi. Statin amaloledwa bwino ngati chithandizo chachikulu, ali ndi zovuta zochepa. Amalandira kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi chiopsezo ndipo amakumana ndi zovuta monga angina pectoris, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuphwanya myocardial kapena stroko kuti achotse zizindikiro zawo.
• Ngati pali contraindication kutenga ma statins, mwachitsanzo, kusalolera payekha, ndiye kuti okhazikika omwe amapezeka ndi bile acid amadziwika, omwe amachepetsa cholesterol pochotsa ma asidi am'mimba kudzera m'matumbo.
• Ngati pali mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a 2 shuga pakati pa matenda ophatikizika, mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga amalembedwa - awa ndi sulufilamides, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangike, komanso ma biguanides, omwe amachititsa kuti shuga azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, vitamini mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupanga antioxidant wachilengedwe mwanjira ya vitamini E kumapangitsa kuyenda kwa magazi mwakuchepetsa njira za oxidation khoma la mtima.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kambiri pothana ndi matenda a atherosermosis apeza njira ya mankhwala achikhalidwe - mankhwala azitsamba omwe amathandizanso kubwezeretsa thupi.

Zochita Zambiri

Njira zosinthira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pazoyambitsa kwambiri.

Ngati matendawo akuipiraipira pakumwa mankhwala, funso limakhala la kukonza kwa maopaleshoni kuti athandize odwala.

Njira zopangira opaleshoni zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muzindikire matenda omwe ali pamtunda wathanzi pamapeto omaliza.

Njira zopangira pakuwongolera magazi mu atherosulinosis ndi:

1. Kartid endarterectomy imakhala ikuchita opareshoni m'njira yotseguka pachiwiya chowonongeka cha ziwalo zam'mimba, chifukwa chomwe cholembera cha atherosclerotic chimachotsedwa mu mtsempha, kenako nkuwukhazikika ndikuyika;
2. Angioplasty ndi ntchito yotsekedwa, yochitidwa ndi fanizo ndi yapita, pokhapokha osatsegula cranium. Catheter imayikidwa mu chotupa chachikazi, chomwe chimatambasulidwa ku chotengera chomwe chikuyang'aniridwa ndi angiography. Kenako chikhodzodzo cha atherosclerotic chimakokedwa mbali inayo;
3. Vasenting stenting - imakhala ndi kukhazikitsa chimango cha waya wa hypoallergenic pamalo okutsitsira chombo. Imayesedwa ngati yopweteka kwambiri pazonsezi, ili ndi malingaliro ambiri abwino kuchokera kwa odwala.

Mulimonsemo, ndikofunika nthawi zonse kupewa matendawa kuposa kuichira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira malangizo azachipatala zokhudzana ndi moyo wathanzi ndipo osakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa kuti mukhalebe ndi mphamvu kwa zaka zambiri.

Ubongo atherosclerosis akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.