Cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira mthupi laumunthu ndi nyama. Katunduyu amakhudzidwa ndimayendedwe ambiri amoyo, amakhala ndi ma membrane am'magazi, amalimbikitsa kupanga mahomoni ogonana ndikulowetsa mavitamini ena.
High cholesterol imakonda kupezeka ndi matenda a shuga 2. Inde, matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zovuta zakulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito moperewera kwa zakudya zopanda pake.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikuphwanya chakudya cha carbohydrate metabolism, ntchito ya ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe amakwiya. Zimawonjezeranso mwayi wolimbana ndi zovuta za lipid metabolism, zomwe zimabweretsa kudzikundikira kwa cholesterol yoyipa pamakoma a mtima.
Kuopsa kwa hypercholesterolemia ndikuti kumathandizira kuti pakhale kulowerera kwam'mnyewa wam'mimba, sitiroko, kutayika kwa miyendo ndi matenda ophatikizika a mitsempha. Chifukwa chake, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe angachepetse cholesterol yoyipa m'thupi ndi njira zamankhwala ndi wowerengeka. Kuti mumvetsetse izi, pulogalamu ya "Live Healthy" ndi omwe akutsogolera a Elena Malysheva athandizira.
Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani imatuluka
Cholesterol imaphatikiza mawu awiri: "holi" (bile) ndi "sterol" (olimba). Popanda izi, ntchito yofunikira ya thupi ndi yosatheka - ndi gawo la nembanemba, imatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe ka minyewa yamitsempha, mitsempha.
Mu thupi la munthu, cholesterol yambiri imapangidwa m'chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, Malysheva akunena kuti ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zinthuzo zimasungidwa nthawi zonse ndi ziwalo, chifukwa ndizofunikira.
Malysheva pa cholesterol akuti amakhala ndi ma lipoprotein okhala ndi kachulukidwe kosiyanasiyana. Ngati chizindikirochi chili chochepa, ndiye kuti chinthucho chimawonedwa kuti ndi choyipa, chifukwa chitha kuwonjezera mafuta a cholesterol ndi zotengera. Ndipo ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri, m'malo mwake, amachotsa mafuta m'thupi m'makoma a mtima.
Kuti izigwira bwino ntchito, thupi liyenera kukhala ndi mulingo woyenera wa LDL ku HDL. Nthawi zambiri atherosulinosis ndi cholesterol yokwera yamagazi amadziwika mwa amuna.
Mwa akazi, kusanachitike kusintha kwa thupi, HDL ndiyachilendo. Chifukwa chake, matenda amtima amayamba kuwavutitsa atatha kusintha msambo.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, cholesterol imaphatikizidwa ndi makoma a cell, ndikusunga mafuta acid mkati mwake ndikupanga lipids. Koma pamene nembanemba iwonongeka (kusuta, kupsinjika, matenda), mafomu amtundu wa atheroscrotic, kufinya chotupa cham'mimba.
Chikwangwani chikang'ambika, magazi amatha kupangika, omwe amalepheretsa mbali yonseyo. Ndiye pali myocardial infarction kapena stroke.
Zimayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu:
- kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zamafuta zomwe nyama zimachokera;
- matenda a chiwindi
- zizolowezi zoyipa (kusuta, uchidakwa);
- moyo wongokhala;
- kunenepa
Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zimaphatikizapo ukalamba, kudziwika kwamtundu, umuna, komanso matenda osokoneza bongo.
Momwe mungadziwire hypercholesterolemia ndi atherosulinosis
Mu pulogalamu "Live Healthy" yokhudza cholesterol, Elena Malysha akuti mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso atatu otsogolera. Kafukufuku woyamba amakulolani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu m'magazi. Malinga ndi mfundo za WHO, chikhalidwe cha chinthu m'thupi chimafika pa 5.2 mmol / l.
Kuunika kachiwirinso kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides. Zinthu izi ndi gawo laling'ono lamphamvu.
Triglycerides amatchedwa ma surrogate alama a atherosclerosis, chifukwa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zinthu izi kumawonedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ndipo kunenepa kwambiri ndiye kutsogolera kwa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, matenda a shuga, komanso matenda oopsa. Mwa munthu wathanzi yemwe alibe kulemera kwambiri, mafuta omwe ali m'magazi sayenera kupitirira 1.7 mmol / l.
Njira yachitatu yomwe imathandizira kuzindikira atherosulinosis ndi kuwunika kwa LDL ku HDL m'magazi. Matenda a lipoproteins apamwamba (cholesterol yabwino) amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi jenda:
- kwa amuna - 0,72-1.63 mmol / l;
- kwa akazi - 0,86-2.28 mmol / l.
Zizindikiro zovomerezeka za cholesterol yoyipa (LDL) m'magazi kwa akazi ndi 1.92-4.51 mmol / L, komanso kwa amuna - 2.02-4.79 mmol / L.
Kuphatikiza apo, pakudziwika kwa hypercholesterolemia, kuwunika kwa index ya atherogenic kungathe kulembedwa. Ngati chizindikirocho chili chochepera zitatu, ndiye kuti mafuta owopsa amachotsedwa pazotengera zawo zokha. Mndandanda ukakhala wopitilira katatu, ndiye kuti triglycerides, m'malo mwake, kudziunjikira mu zotengera, zomwe zimatsogolera pakukula kwa atherosclerosis.
Komabe, Elena Malyshe akuchenjeza kuti kulondola kwa mayeso a cholesterol kumadalira kukonzekera koyenera. Phunzirolo lisanachitike, simungadye, kumwa khofi kapena tiyi.
Ndipo masiku awiri magazi asanaperekedwe, madokotala samalimbikitsa kuti azidya nyama, ngakhale mitundu yazakudya, monga ng'ombe, kalulu kapena nkhuku.
Cholesterol yotsitsa zakudya
Mankhwala amakono akuphunzira mwachangu momwe chakudya chimakhudzira cholesterol yamagazi. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ngakhale osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mothandizidwa ndi chakudya choyenera, mutha kukwaniritsa kuchepa kwa LDL ndi 10-15%.
Nthawi yomweyo, zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimalimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu pamilingo yonse. Amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta m'matumbo, amachepetsa kapangidwe kake mthupi ndikuthandizira njira yochotsa.
Wowonerera TV "Live Healthy" adati pali zinthu zitatu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Mu malo oyamba ndi broccoli. Kabichi yamtunduwu imakhala ndi ulusi wophatikiza, womwe umachedwa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'matumbo ndi 10%.
CHIKWANGWANI sichimalowetsedwa kapena kugayidwa ndi makina am'mimba. Amasonkhanitsa zinthu zamafuta, envulopu ndikuzichotsa mwachilengedwe. Kusintha mtundu wa HDL ndi LDL modabwitsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya pafupifupi 400 g ya broccoli.
Zotsatira zachiwiri zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa hypercholesterolemia ndi bowa wa oyisitara. Muli zinthu zachilengedwe.
Lovastin, wopezeka mu bowa, ngati mankhwala, amachepetsa kupanga mafuta m'thupi. Thupi limayimitsanso kapena kuletsa kukula kwa zolembedwa za atherosulinotic. Kuthetsa kagayidwe ka cholesterol, ndikokwanira kudya 10 gm ya oyisitara bowa.
Katundu wachitatu yemwe amachepetsa cholesterol yatsopano ndi hering'i watsopano. Pali ma omega-3 mafuta achilengedwe mu nsomba zomwe zimasintha ma protein omwe amatengera mapuloteni, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumachepa ndipo kumachoka m'thupi.
Kuchotsa mowa wamafuta patsiku, 100 g ya hering'i iyenera kudyedwa.
Momwe mungachotsere hypercholesterolemia
Chithandizo cha atherosulinosis ndi cholesterol yayikulu imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins. Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya mu chiwindi. Mankhwala abwino ochokera pagululi ndi Simvastatin ndi Simvastol.
Pulofesa, katswiri wa zama Cardio komanso dokotala wa sayansi Yu. N. Belenkov, woyitanidwa ku pulogalamu "Live Healthy", akufotokoza kuti zotsatira zokhazikika za anticholesterol zimatheka pokhapokha ngati amagwiritsa ntchito ma statins nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, wophunzirayo amayang'ana kwambiri kuti mankhwalawa amayenera kuledzera madzulo. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol kumachitika kumapeto kwa tsiku.
Pulofesayo anenanso kuti mukatenga ma statins, lamulo lofunika liyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Dotoloyo akuti pakufunika kuyesedwa kwakanthawi kolesterol, komwe kungathandize dokotala kuti apange mankhwalawa.
Kuphatikiza pa kutenga ma statins, Yuri Nikitich akuwonetsa kumwa Niacin. Awa ndi mankhwala a nicotinic acid okhala ndi matenda a lipid metabolism.
Mu gawo lina la makanema apa TV "Live Healthy," Toddler adalankhula za chida chothandiza chomwe chitha kuchiritsa hypercholesterolemia. Awa ndi madontho a Norivent mwachilengedwe omwe amakhala ndi zovuta pa thupi.
Ubwino wa Norivent:
- imalepheretsa kuwoneka kwa matenda a mtima;
- limasinthasintha magazi lipids;
- imakhazikika bwino bwino;
- imasungunula mafuta ndi ma lipid amana, omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa thupi.
Mankhwala ena othandiza cholesterol omwe analimbikitsidwa ndi Elena Malysheva ndi holidol. Kukonzekerako kumakhalanso ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a atherosulinotic plaque, kulimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.
Njira zina zochepetsera cholesterol ndi kudzera mu chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Muzochitika zapamwamba, plasmapheresis imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iyi ndi njira yothandiza yomwe imakupatsani mwayi woyeretsa magazi a otsika osalimba a lipoprotein.
Popanga mankhwalawa, magazi amapatsirana nembanemba, kotero kuti plasma imasefa ndi kuyeretsa kunja kwa thupi. Kutalika kwa njirayi ndi mphindi 40, ngati kuli kotheka, kumachitika nthawi zonse.
Monga chithandizo chothandizira, maphikidwe ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Komabe, zitsamba zimachepetsa cholesterol yawo pang'ono. Komanso, zinthu zina ndi mbewu zimatha kukhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, chifukwa chake muyenera kufunsa dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito.
Mu kanema munkhaniyi, Dr. Malysheva, pamodzi ndi akatswiri, amalankhula za cholesterol ndi njira zowongolera kagayidwe ka lipid.
