ZOYAMBITSA MATENDA AMTUNDU 1 KOMANSO MATENDA ASHUGA A 2: CHIFUKWA CHAKE ZIMACHITIKA MWA AKULU NDI ANA - MATENDA A SHUGA

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Chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda a shuga chikuchulukirachulukira, ngakhale chitukuko cha mankhwala komanso kupewa matenda. Zaka zomwe matendawa amayamba kumverera zimayamba kuchepa. Matendawa amayang'aniridwa ndi madokotala mosamala, ndipo mankhwala omwe alipo m'thupi amatha kungosintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga kupewedwa bwino. Koma pa izi muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake ikukula. Palibe yankho lathunthu komanso lagululi pafunsoli. Koma kuphunzira kwakutali kumapereka mwayi wowunikira zifukwa zingapozimayambitsa matendawa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Kwa anthu athanzi shuga Ndi gawo lomwe limapatsa mphamvu ma cell aubongo, minofu, ulusi wamitsempha. Pambuyo pachakudya, chimagawidwa pakati pawo, chifukwa cha insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe imatulutsa kapamba.

Nthawi zina, ma cell a endocrine a chiwalochi amasiya kutulutsa insulin mokwanira. Glucose wolowetsedwa m'thupi ndi chakudya samagawika m'thupi lonse, koma umakhazikika m'magazi a wodwalayo pamadontho akulu.

Chifukwa chosowa insulini mu minofu ya adipose, mafuta amawonongeka, kuchuluka kwawo m'magazi kumayambanso kupitilira muyeso. M'misempha, kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni kumawonjezeka, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid m'magazi kumawonjezeka. Chiwindi chimatembenuza zinthu zowola kukhala michere kuti ikhale matupi a ketone, omwe minofu ina yamthupi imagwiritsa ntchito ngati mphamvu zopanda mphamvu.

Umu ndi momwe mtundu woyamba wa shuga umakhalira. Zimachitika pamene maselo opanga insulin oposa 80% akulephera.

Zimachitika kuti timadzi timene timakhala ndi kuchuluka, komanso nthawi zina zochulukirapo, koma maselo amthupi samanyalanyaza. Zomwe zimatchedwa insulin kukana zimayamba. Palinso kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, koma kutha kumazindikira ndikuchichotsa m'thupi kumatha m'thupi. Imalowa mkodzo ndipo imachotsedwa limodzi ndi zinthu zothandiza m'thupi. Chifukwa cha kusazindikira kwa glucose, insulin imapangidwa mochedwa ndipo imaleka kukwaniritsa ntchito yake pakukonzekera kwake.

Izi zimadziwika ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga 2, omwe amachititsa 90% yamatendawa ndipo amayamba pambuyo zaka 40.

Zomwe zimathandizira poyambira ndikukula kwa matenda ashuga

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya shuga ili ndi dzina lodziwika, koma zifukwa zomwe zimachitikira zimasiyana, motero muyenera kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane.

Ndalemba

Matendawa amakula, nthawi zambiri mpaka zaka 35. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa zimadalira kayendedwe ka autoimmune mthupi. Amapanga ma antibodies omwe amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi maselo awo. Zotsatira zake, kupanga kwa insulin kumachepa ndikuyima. Njira zofananira zimachitika ndi matenda:

Glomerulonephritis;
Lupus erythematosus;
Autoimmune chithokomiro.

Matenda a ma virus angayambitsenso chitukuko cha matenda a shuga 1mumps, rubella, matenda mononucleosis).
Matenda amasokoneza kupanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi ma cell a beta. Pali vuto pantchito yake ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin. Congenital kachilombo ka rubella ndi coxsackie osati kungowonjezera mapuloteni ochulukitsa, komawonongerani mbali zonse za kapamba, zomwe sizingasinthe mphamvu yake yopanga insulin.

Kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamaganizidwe amachititsa kuwonjezeka kwa adrenaline, komwe kumachepetsa minyewa yotenga insulin. Komanso kupsinjika kwakanthawi - Mliri wamakono, ambiri "akuchita" kukoma. Mfundo yoti okonda maswiti amakonda kwambiri matenda ashuga ndi nthano yopeka, koma kukhala wonenepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kuli pachiwopsezo. Zikondazo zimazolowera kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu mosemphana ndi kusiyana kwa mahomoni ena. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa insulin kumapitirira kofunikira, ma receptor amasiya kuwayankha. Chifukwa chake, kupsinjika kwakanthawi kwa malingaliro kumatha kuganiziridwa mosatetezeka, ngati sichomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga, ndiye chowopsa.

Mtundu wa II

Ndizodziwika bwino kuposa theka la anthu, koma posachedwapa izi zikuchulukirachulukira pakati pa amuna. Madokotala amati shuga ngati imeneyi nthawi zambiri imapezeka. Ndiye kuti, zifukwa zake zimakhudzana ndi moyo:

Kunenepa kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimatsagana ndi kusachita ntchito, kumayambitsa kunenepa kwam'mimba. Ndiye kuti, mafuta amapezeka m'chiuno. Thupi, lotopa kulimbana ndi shuga wambiri woletsedwa, limasiya kuzindikira insulin yomwe imayambitsa kuyamwa kwake;
Matenda a mtima. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda oopsa a m'magazi, matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima. Mavuto amitsempha yamagazi, mawonekedwe awo amatha kupangitsa insulin kukana;
Kukhala wa liwiro la Negroid. Zinapezeka kuti oimilira amatha kudwala matenda amtundu wa 2;
Kuyamwa kwazakudya zopweteka. Mutha kusewera kusokonekera kwachilengedwekomanso kumwa mankhwala ambiri.

Kodi chibadwidwe ndi chiganizo?

Chinthu chachikulu chachitukuko mtundu 1 shuga - matenda a autoimmune - amakhala otsimikiza.

Chifukwa cha izi, matendawa amatengedwa kuti ndi osatha. Kuchita kwawonetsa kuti makolo omwe ali ndi matenda ofananawo, ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1 amabadwa 80% ya milandu. Koma palinso mabanja omwe mibadwo ingapo imavutika ndi matendawa, ndipo mwana amabadwa ndikukhala wathanzi kwathunthu.

Kudalira kwacholowa komwe mtundu 2 shuga sanapezeke.

Koma m'malo oyenera, mwana amakhala ndi kholo limodzi lokha mtundu 2 shugaatha kupezanso chidziwitso chomwecho. Ndipo ngati mayi ndi bambo akudwala, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 mwa ana umakwera mpaka 90%.

Kupewa matenda a shuga

Palibe amene angathe kusintha majini awo, zaka zawo komanso mtundu wawo. Komabe, ndizotheka kupatula zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:

Tetezani kapamba kuchokera kuvulala komanso ntchito yambiri. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupewa kudya kwambiri shuga, kukhazikitsa zakudya zabwino. Izi zikuthandizira kuteteza matenda asanakwane mtundu woyamba wa shuga kapena kuchedwetsa panthawi;
Tsatani kulemera. Kusowa kwa mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe maselo ake samvera kwenikweni za insulin, mosakayikira amachepetsa matenda a shuga. Ngati matendawa alipo kale, kuchepa thupi ndi 10% kumawerengetsa magazi;
Pewani kupsinjika. Kusapezeka kwa izi zopangitsa izi kungathandize kupewetsa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 pakakhala kuti palibe cholowa;
Pewani matendaamatha kusokoneza ntchito ya kapamba ndi kupanga mphamvu yotsutsana ndi maselo ake.

Kukhalapo kwa zinthu zitatu zopangitsa, kuphatikiza zaka 40, kumawonjezera mwayi wodwala matenda a shuga mpaka 85%. Ilinso yabwino muubwana, pakakhala kuphulika kwa mahomoni m'thupi ndipo kumakhala kubadwa kwovuta. Koma ndi moyo wathanzi, pamakhala mwayi woti mupambane matendawa kapena, ngakhale pang'ono, chotsani zovuta zake.

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