Prevenar 13 ndi kukonzekera komwe kuli ma polysaccharides a pathogenic pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. Kugwiritsa ntchito pneumococcal conjugates, katemera wa anthu nthawi zonse amachitika kuti apewe kuvulala kwa njira zopatsirana ndi zotupa zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma. Mankhwala ndikofunikira popanga ma antibodies mu immunosuppression.
Dzinalo Losayenerana
Ayi.
Prevenar 13 ndi kukonzekera komwe kuli ma polysaccharides a pathogenic pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae.
ATX
J07AL02.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Mankhwalawa amapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa kuti azilowetsedwa m'misempha. 1 unit ya mankhwala othandizira okhala ndi voliyumu ya 0,5 imakhala ndi pneumococcal conjugates a serotypes otsatirawa ngati zinthu zofunikira:
- 1;
- 2;
- 3;
- 4;
- 6 A, B;
- 7F;
- 9V;
- 14;
- 19 A, F;
- 23F.
Mankhwalawa amapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa kuti azilowetsedwa m'misempha.
Kapangidwe kamankhwala kamapangidwanso kamagwiritsanso ntchito oligosaccharide mtundu 18C ndi diphtheria protein carriers CRM-197. Ndi yotsirizira, ma pneumococcal polysaccharides amapanga zovuta. Zosakaniza zina zimaphatikizira aluminium phosphate ndi sodium chloride. M'mawonekedwe, kuyimitsidwa ndi misa yoyera.
Amoyo kapena ayi
Katemera si wamoyo. Pachitukuko chake, zovuta zofooka kapena zakufa za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zotsatira za pharmacological
Ndi kuyambitsa katemera kulowa mthupi, kupanga ma antibodies ku ma polysaccharides ophatikizika a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Streptococcus pneumoniae akuyamba. Ma antibodies amakulolani kupanga yankho lofunikira la chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuyambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi mpaka munthawi yowonjezera ya matenda. Katemera amakupatsani mwayi wokonzekeretsa thupi kuti mugonjetse ziwonetsero zonse za pneumococcal polysaccharide.
Mothandizidwa ndi ma lymphocyte, ma polysaccharides omwe amapha mabakiteriya amaphulika pazinthu za metabolic.
Pharmacokinetics
Ma polysaccharides a Streptococcus pneumoniae atalowa m'magazi am'magazi, othandizira a T amadziwika, omwe amayamba kubisa ma cytokines kuti ayambitsa T-akupha, B-lymphocyte ndi monocytes. Mothandizidwa ndi ma lymphocyte, ma polysaccharides omwe amapha mabakiteriya amaphulika pazinthu za metabolic. Zotsirizazi sizingatheke kuzifufuza, chifukwa ndizofanana ndi zinthu zopangidwa m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, magawo a pharmacokinetic a metabolites sangadziwe.
Kodi katemera amateteza chiyani?
Katemera amachitika molingana ndi zochitika zotsatirazi:
- munthawi yomwe anakonzedwa malinga ndi kalendala yoletsa kupewa matenda osapatsirana a chibayo (kulowetsa khutu lakumaso, chibayo cham'magazi) komanso zowononga (bakiteriya meningitis, matenda a chibayo m'magazi, sepsis, chibayo chachikulu);
- ngati njira yodzitetezera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka.
Omalizawa akuphatikizapo odwala omwe ali ndi kobadwa nako matenda a chitetezo cha m'thupi, odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso anthu omwe amalandila chithandizo cha immunosuppressive. Chitetezo chochepa chitha kupezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a:
- matenda aakulu a kupuma ndi mtima dongosolo;
- kukhalapo kwa cochlear kumadzala;
- chithandizo cha khansa;
- mphumu ya bronchial;
- zotupa za tubercle bacillus;
- ukalamba;
- zizolowezi zoipa.
Katemera ndi ofunika kwa akhanda osabadwa asanakwane komanso anthu m'magulu okhala ndi unyinji waukulu wa anthu.
Contraindication
Katemera wolekanitsidwa ndi wodwala yemwe ali ndi chidwi chokhala ndi mapuloteni a diphtheria, zothandizira za Prevenar 13. Ndi zoletsedwa kuti katemera anthu omwe apanga ma anaphylactoid zimachitika kuti adye kale.
Jekeseni wa kuyimitsidwa sikuvomerezeka kuti pakhale matenda opweteka kwambiri, matenda omwe ali pachimake kapena kuwonongeka kwa ma virus. Katemera amachitika munthu atachira.
Katemera ndi liti
Jekeseni wa Intramus wa Prevenar 13 ndikofunikira kuti apange yankho la chitetezo mthupi monga chenjezo lotsatira:
- bronchitis;
- yotupa njira chapamwamba kupuma dongosolo: sinusitis, kutupa kwa sinuses, pachimake tonsillitis;
- meningitis
- atitis media;
- bacteria chibayo.
Mankhwala amathandiza kuchepetsa ngozi ya zovuta pambuyo kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda a catarrhal a matenda opatsirana. Makamaka ana amadwala ochepera zaka 5 ndi anthu ochepa chitetezo chochepa. Katemera amachitika monga momwe anakonzera.
Kangati
Chiwerengero cha jakisoni zimatengera zaka zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo. Pafupifupi, katemera amayambira ana kuyambira miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa m'magulu anayi molingana ndi dongosolo lokhazikitsidwa ndi nthawi ya katemera:
- Jakisoni woyamba wachitatu amaperekedwa ndi gawo pakati pa masiku 30.
- 4 katemera akafika zaka 15.
Ngati mankhwala ayambitsidwa pakadutsa miyezi 7 mpaka 11, katemera woyamba wa 2 amaperekedwa ndikutalika kwa mwezi umodzi. Jekeseni womaliza amayikidwa pazaka ziwiri. Potere, katemera amachitika m'magawo atatu okha.
Ngati kuyambitsa katemera kumachitika ndi zaka 1 kapena 2 za moyo, ndiye kuti jekesani 2 jakisoni ndi nthawi pakati pa jakisoni wa miyezi iwiri.
Ngati kuyambitsa katemera kumachitika ndi zaka 1 kapena 2 za moyo, ndiye kuti jekesani 2 jakisoni ndi nthawi pakati pa jakisoni wa miyezi iwiri. Odwala achikulire azaka zopitilira 18 Prevenar amatumikiridwa kamodzi.
Zimalekeredwa bwanji
Kukhazikitsa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kungayende limodzi ndi kutentha ndi kufooka. Ngati matenthedwe adutsa malire a + 38 ° C ndipo pakhale mphuno yolimba, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kuchipatala.
Ndikotheka kuyenda katemera
Mwezi umodzi wokha utatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisayende m'malo okhala anthu ambiri, chifukwa chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chifukwa chokhudzana ndi onyamula matenda a pneumococcal ukuwonjezeka. Mukapita ku chipatala, valani chigoba. Nyengo yachisanu, kusiya nyumba sikulimbikitsidwa. Mutha kuyenda kokha nyengo yofunda. Pambuyo pa katemera, kindergarten ndi yoletsedwa kwa masiku 30.
Kodi ndizotheka ndi matenda ashuga
Ndi kusintha kosasinthika kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chitetezo chamthupi chitha kufooka, motero odwala matenda a shuga ayenera kulandira katemera. Pneumococcal polysaccharides sangakhudze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Mwezi umodzi wokha utatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisayende m'malo okhala anthu ambiri, chifukwa chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chifukwa chokhudzana ndi onyamula matenda a pneumococcal ukuwonjezeka.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito
Jakisoni amawalowetsa m'malo omwe amakhala ndi chigoba chofinya: minofu yolimba (odwala kuposa zaka 2), kunja kwa ntchafu (mpaka zaka 3). Intramuscularly kutumikiridwa 0,5 ml ya mankhwala limodzi.
Musanagwiritse ntchito, syringe ndi mankhwala iyenera kugwedezeka kuti ayimitsidwe. Mankhwalawa sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pali matupi achilendo mu mankhwalawa kapena mtundu utasintha.
Sizoletsedwa kuyambitsa mankhwalawo m'matumba kapena mu gluteus maximus.
Odwala pambuyo Thirani hemocytoblasts ayenera njira ya Katemera 4 jakisoni ya mankhwala limodzi. Jekeseni woyamba amachitika kuyambira miyezi itatu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera kukasungidwa. 2 jekeseni wotsatira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakapita mwezi umodzi. Mlingo womaliza umaperekedwa katemera wachitatu atatenga miyezi 6.
Mwana wobadwa masiku asanakwane ayenera kulandira katemera kanayi. Jakisoni woyamba amaperekedwa pakatha miyezi itatu atabadwa, jakisoni 2 wotsatira amachitika ndi nthawi ya mwezi umodzi. Mlingo 4 umayendetsedwa mu miyezi 12-15.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Patsamba la jakisoni, kukula kwa zotupa ndikotheka, khungu limapweteka ndipo limasandulika red. Muubwana, kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera.
Matumbo
Zovuta zomwe zimachitika m'magawo am'mimba zimawonekera mwa mawonekedwe am'mimba, kusanza, komanso kuchepa kwa njala. Mwapadera, pali chiopsezo cha hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice, ndi kutupa kwa chiwindi.
Muubwana, mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kutentha kwa thupi kumadzuka.
Hematopoietic ziwalo
Nthawi zina, pali kuchuluka kwa ma lymph node, kuwonjezeka kwa leukocytes ndi T-lymphocyte.
Pakati mantha dongosolo
Mu ana, zaka zoyambirira za moyo zimatha kukhala zankhanza. Mwanayo akulira, nayamba kudandaula. Nthawi zambiri anthu amakhala ndi mutu, womwe umayambitsa chisangalalo m'mitsempha, yotsatiridwa ndikusokonekera komanso kusowa tulo. Pali chiopsezo cha kukokana kwamisempha.
Kuchokera ku kupuma
Poyerekeza ndi zovuta za chitetezo chamthupi, dyspnea ndi bronchospasm zimayamba. Mu ana, kutsokomola kumayamba, kutsokomola kumachitika.
Kuchokera ku genitourinary system
Pokhudzana ndi kuchedwa kukodza ndi kusokonezeka m'madzi amchere wamchere, edema yomwe imayamba yokha ikhoza kukula.
Kuchokera pamtima
Nthawi zina, kugunda kwa mtima kumachuluka.
Poyerekeza ndi zovuta za chitetezo chamthupi, dyspnea imatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Matupi omaliza
Pamaso pa hypersensitivity, thupi lawo siligwirizana limayamba, kuwoneka ngati totupa, kuyabwa ndi redness pakhungu. Nthawi zina, kupezeka kwa Quincke edema ndikotheka.
Malangizo apadera
Pakadutsa mphindi 30 kuchokera katemera, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa. Izi ndizofunikira kuthandizira mwachangu ngati mwadzidzidzi mwadzidzidzi munachitika zochitika za anaphylactoid.
Chenjezo liyenera kuchitidwa popereka kuyimitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la magazi ndi thrombocytopenia.
Kuyenderana ndi mowa
Pakadutsa masiku awiri asanalandire katemera komanso pambuyo pa maola 48 atalandira mankhwalawa, zakumwa za mowa ndi ethanol siziyenera kumwa. Mowa wa Ethyl umayambitsa kufooka kwa chitetezo chathu cha m'thupi ndipo umalepheretsa mafupa a hematopoiesis, omwe amathanso kusokoneza kupanga kwa antibodies.
Pakadutsa masiku awiri asanalandire katemera komanso pambuyo pa maola 48 atalandira mankhwalawa, zakumwa za mowa ndi ethanol siziyenera kumwa.
Zokhudza mphamvu pakuwongolera njira
Katemera sichimakhudzana ndikugwira ntchito kwamkati ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje. Ndikofunika kukumbukira za kupezeka kwa zotsatira zoyipa mwanjira ya kupweteka kwa mutu ndi kukomoka. Chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zilipo, kusamala kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa galimoto, kuwongolera njira zovuta ndikuchita zinthu zina zomwe zimafuna kuthamanga kwambiri kwakuthupi ndi m'maganizo.
Pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere
Kafukufuku woyambirira wokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa kwa amayi apakati sanatengepo, chifukwa chake katemera savomerezeka m'gululi. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Prevenar 13 kumatha kuchitika mokhazikika mu boma loyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala movomerezedwa ndi wodwala.
Pakupewa katemera, ndikofunikira kusiya kuyamwitsa ndi kusamutsa mwanayo chakudya ndi khanda lakhanda.
Katemera wa ana ndi Prevenar 13
Mu ana, hyperthermia imawonedwa. Dr. Komarovsky adatsimikiza kuti nthawi zambiri mu 40% ya milandu ya ana osakwana zaka 2, kutentha kumakwera kufika pa 37 ... + 38 ° C, mu 37% - pamwamba 39 ° C. Pakadutsa mphindi 30 kuchokera pakukhazikitsa, mwana ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.
Mukalamba
Anthu opitilira zaka zopitilira 60 amapatsidwa katemera wa katemera, pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana am'mapapo, ndimatenda a sepsis.
The ntchito aimpso kuwonongeka
Matenda a impso sasokoneza magawo a pharmacokinetic komanso kukhala bwino pambuyo popereka katemera.
Matenda a impso sasokoneza magawo a pharmacokinetic komanso kukhala bwino pambuyo popereka katemera.
Gwiritsani ntchito ntchito yolakwika ya chiwindi
Pneumococcal polysaccharides samasinthika mu hepatic cell, chifukwa chake, ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa chiwindi, makonzedwe a mankhwala amaloledwa.
Bongo
Sipanakhalepo milandu ya bongo ndi kamodzi pakayendetsedwe ka mlingo waukulu. Katemera amachitika pokhapokha poyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Ngati mulibe mlingo woyenera, ndi kotheka kuti kuwonjezera kapena kukulitsa mwayi wazotsatira zoyipa.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi katemera ena osakhala amoyo komanso amoyo, omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi kalendala ya katemera wa dziko. Pankhaniyi, katemera wokhudzana ndi pneumococcus sangasakanikirane ndi njira zina zoyendetsera makina amodzi mu chidebe chimodzi.
Odwala a zaka zopitilira 50 amaloledwa kupereka katemera wa fuluwenza ndi tizilombo ta inactivated.
Ndikofunikira kuwongolera mkhalidwe wa heestasis mothandizirana ndi anticoagulants.
Ndi chisamaliro
Kuphatikizidwa kwa Prevenar 13 ndi katemera wa adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus ndikuloledwa. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira momwe mwanayo aliri. Ngati mukumva kukhala wosasangalala, pitani kuchipatala. Ndi kuphatikiza katemera angapo, ndikofunikira kuyika jakisoni m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chosakanikirana ndi mankhwala m'thupi.
Ndikofunikira kuwongolera mkhalidwe wa heestasis mothandizirana ndi anticoagulants.
Kuphatikiza sikofunikira
Mankhwala sayenera kuperekedwa limodzi ndi katemera wa BCG wolimbana ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Katemera wamoyo amatha kupotoza zotsatira zake kapena kuchepetsa kupanga ma antibodies ku matenda a pneumococcal.
Analogi
Mutha kusintha katemera ndi othandizira awa:
- Pneumo 23;
- Pentaxim;
- Sinflorix.
Malo opumulira Prevenara 13 ochokera ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala
Katemera sagulitsidwa pamankhwala opita kwa odwala omwe ali pamwamba.
Kodi ndingagule popanda kulandira mankhwala?
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuyimitsidwa kumachitika pokhapokha pokhapokha pokhudzana ndi chiwopsezo cha anaphylactic kugwedezeka kapena zina. Kugula ndizochepa.
Mtengo
Mtengo wapakati wa mankhwalawo ndi ma ruble 1877.
Prevenara 13
Osamawumitsa mankhwalawo. Kuyimitsidwa kumasungidwa pamtunda wa + 2 ... + 8 ° C m'malo osiyanitsidwa ndi dzuwa.
Tsiku lotha ntchito
36 miyezi.
Wopanga
Wyeth Pharmaceutical Division, USA.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuyimitsidwa kumachitika pokhapokha pokhapokha pokhudzana ndi chiwopsezo cha anaphylactic kugwedezeka kapena zina.
Ndemanga ya Prevenar 13
Radislav Rusakov, wazaka 38, Lipetsk
Mwana wamwamuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chimfine, chomwe chimatsatana ndi matenda amphumu. Dotolo adapereka katemera wa Prevenar 13. Panalibe zoyipa zilizonse, koma patatha sabata limodzi kutentha kudakwera mpaka 37 ° C. Wokhala masiku atatu ndipo adangopanga wekha. Pankhaniyi, mwanayo adamva bwino. Chachikulu ndikuti katemera adathandiza. Mphumu ndi chimfine sizinawonedwenso. Mkhalidwe wa mwana mkati mwa masabata awiri wakhazikika, chilimbikitso chidawonekera, chitetezo chimalimba. Mphamvu yakukumbukira kwamthupi ndi yayitali, chifukwa kuperekanso katemera ndikofunikira pakatha zaka 5.
Zinaida Molchanova, wazaka 30, Yaroslavl
Mwanayo anali kudwala nthawi zambiri, motero amapita kwa adotolo. Katswiriyo adayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa katemera wa Prevenar 13. Pambuyo pa jekeseni, kutentha ndi flatulence zidakwera. Pa malo jakisoni kuyabwa kwambiri. Koma nthawi yozizira, mwana sanadwale ngakhale kamodzi. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dotolo pambuyo pakuyang'anira komanso osapatsa antipyretic mankhwala.
