Tsimikizani za hemoglobin wa glycated (HbA1c)

Kodi glycated hemoglobin

Glycated hemoglobin nthawi zina imapezeka m'mabuku asayansi ndi azachipatala monga glycosylated kapena monga yochepa kwa HbA1c. Ngakhale pali mitundu itatu ya izo: HbA1a, HbA1b ndi HbA1c, ndiye makamaka yomaliza yomwe ili ndi chidwi, popeza imapangidwa zochulukirapo kuposa zina zonse.

Chokha, chizindikirochi chimadziwitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose yemwe amakhala pafupifupi m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali (mpaka miyezi itatu). Zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yomwe imakankhidwira glucose.

Kusintha:

• Hb - mwachindunji hemoglobin;
• A1 ndi kachigawo kake;
• c - kutulutsa.

Bwanji mutenge HbA1c

Kuti mupeze ndemanga:

1. Amayi oyembekezera kuti aziwulula matenda ashuga am'mawa.
2. Amayi oyembekezera omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba kuti azindikire kuwonjezeka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated panthawi yake, yomwe imatha kuyambitsa kubadwa kwa mwana wosabadwa, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa ana, komanso kubereka kwamimba ndi kubadwa msanga.
3. Anthu omwe amayesedwa kulekerera kwa shuga. Izi zimafunikira kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola komanso zowona.
4. Iwo omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga kuti ayang'ane glycemia wawo kwa nthawi yayitali.

Komanso hemoglobin ya glycated imalola koyamba kudziwa matenda ashuga kapena kuwunika momwe alili.

Mawonekedwe a kusanthula

Chachilendo cha HbA1c ndikuti simufunikira kukonzekera. Zinthu zomwe phunziroli ndi magazi, zitha kutengedwa kuchokera kumsempha komanso kuchokera pachala - zimatengera mtundu wa wasanthule. Kusanthula kungachitike nthawi ina iliyonse masana. Ngati kusinthaku sikunali pamimba yopanda kanthu, izi ziyenera kuchenjezedwa pasadakhale.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa za phunziroli

Njira iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zopweteka zake. Mwayi wofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika uku ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa omwe amadya kapena samamwa mankhwala nthawi zonse. Anthu ena amayesa kuthamangitsa dokotala wawo, amayamba kuchepetsa kudya maswiti patangotsala sabata kuti apereke magazi, komabe chowonadi chimatuluka, chifukwa glycated hemoglobin amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi ingapo yapitayo.

Ubwino:

• DM imadziwika ngakhale koyambirira;
• Mutha kuwunika kutsatira mankhwalawa komanso zakudya m'miyezi itatu yapitayo;
• magazi amayenda kuchokera ku chala kapena mtsempha;
• kusanthula kumachitika nthawi iliyonse masana;
• Zotsatira zake zimawunika kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga;
• matenda opatsirana samakhudza zotsatira.

Zoyipa zake ndi monga mtengo wa kusanthula. Komanso, sikwabwino kuchita kusanthula konseko, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimakhala zosokoneza. Phunziroli limabweretsa zolakwika pamilandu yotsatirayi:

• Kuika magazi. Kuchita izi kungasokoneze chizindikiritso chenicheni cha HbA1c, chifukwa magawo a woperekayo ndiosiyana ndi a munthu yemwe adalowetsedwa ndi magazi a munthu wina.
• Kutulutsa magazi kwambiri.
• Matenda amwazi, monga kuchepa magazi m'thupi.
• Amachotsedwa kale ndulu.
• Matenda a chiwindi ndi impso.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya chithokomiro.

Kulemba zotsatira

Ma labotale osiyanasiyana amatha kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana a hemoglobin wa glycated; zenizeni zimawonetsedwa pazotsatira zake.

Zomwe zimapangitsa HbA1c kuchuluka:

• Matenda a shuga amapezeka.
• Carbohydrate metabolism kulephera.
• Chuma choperewera magazi.
• Kuchotsa ndulu zakale.
• Poizoni wa Ethanoli.
• Masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amapezeka m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi yake chifukwa cha matenda amkodzo.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti hemoglobin yafupike:

• Hypoglycemia.
• Kuchepetsa moyo wamaselo ofiira am'magazi omwe amakhudzana ndi matenda achilendo am'magazi.
• Mkhalidwe pambuyo kuvutika kwambiri magazi.
• Mkhalidwe pambuyo pakuika magazi.
• Matenda a pancreatic.

Ngati mayi woyembekezera apereka kuwunikira, chizindikirocho chimatha kusinthidwa nthawi yonse yobereka mwana. Zomwe zimadumpha zitha chifukwa cha:

• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi mwa mayi woyembekezera;
• chipatso chachikulu kwambiri;
• matenda aimpso.

Kudalira kwa HbA1c pamlingo wa shuga m'magazi

Magawo ojambulidwa (abwinobwino) a shuga

"Target level" amatanthauza manambala omwe muyenera kuyesetsa kuti musapeze zovuta posachedwa. Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi glycated hemoglobin wochepera 7%, ndiye chizolowezi. Koma zingakhale bwino ngati chiwerengerochi chikuyesetsa 6%, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti kuyesera kuchepetsa sikuvulaza thanzi. Ndi chiwongolero chabwino cha matenda ashuga, mtengo wa HbA1c ndi <6.5%.

Momwe mungachepetse glycated hemoglobin

Pofuna kuti moyo usakhale ndi thanzi labwino, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse HbA1c. Kupatula apo, ngati izi sizichitika, chiopsezo cha zovuta za shuga chikukula.

Njira 5 zothandizira kuchepetsa HbA1c popanda vuto:

1. Osanyalanyaza mankhwala. Madokotala samangolemba mankhwala, ayenera kudaliridwa. Mankhwala okwanira ndi chinsinsi cha zisonyezo zabwino. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziyitanitsa nokha ndi mankhwala otchipa, ngakhale mutakhala kuti pali zomwe zikuchitika.
2. Zakudya zoyenera. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa pang'ono kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amapakidwa ndikuchepetsa magawo, koma onjezerani kuchuluka kwa zakudya. Thupi siliyenera kumva njala komanso kukhala opanikizika nthawi zonse. Ndikudya kwa nthawi yayitali, kudya mopatsa mphamvu nthawi zambiri kumachitika, zomwe zimapereka mwayi ngati kulumikizidwa kwakukuru mu shuga.
3. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Cardiotraining imakhala yothandiza kwambiri, pomwe mtima wamphamvu umalimba, thanzi limayenda bwino ndipo minofu ya shuga imachepetsedwa. Simuyenera kuyembekezera zotsatira zapompopompo, chifukwa chake masewerawa amayenera kuphatikizidwa moyanjana ndi mtundu wina wamoyo. Ngati oletsedwa, kuyenda kwakutali mlengalenga kumathandizanso.
4. Kusunga chidule. Payenera kulembedwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, zakudya, zizindikiro za glycemia (muyeso ndi glucometer), mlingo wa mankhwala ndi mayina awo. Chifukwa chake ndikosavuta kuzindikira njira zowonjezera kapena kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi.
5. Nthawi zonse shuga. Anthu ena, pofuna kupulumutsa ndalama, gwiritsani ntchito mita nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe amafunikira. Izi siziyenera kukhala. Kuyeza pafupipafupi kumathandizira kusintha zakudya kapena kuchuluka kwa mankhwala munthawi yake.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Munthu akapatsidwa upangiri woyamba kuwunikira, amakhala ndi mafunso, mayankho omwe amaphunziridwa bwino ndi dokotala. Koma amathanso kupezeka pa intaneti. Izi ndi zofala kwambiri:

Kodi zingakhale zolakwika ndipo chifukwa cha chiyani?

Zoyenera kudziwa zaumunthu ziyenera kukumbukiridwa nthawi zonse: machubu amatha kusakanikirana, kutayika, kutumizidwa kukawunikidwa kolakwika, zina.

• kusonkhanitsa zinthu zosayenera;
• kupezeka panthawi yoperekera magazi (sinthani zotsatira zake);
• kupezeka kwa carbamylated hemoglobin mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso. Mtunduwu ndi wofanana ndi HbA1c, chifukwa umakhala ndi mlandu wofanana, nthawi zina umatengedwa ngati glycated, chifukwa chotsatira chomwe zotsatira zake zimakhudzidwa kwambiri.

Kodi ndizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer ngati kuwunika kwa HbA1c kumaperekedwa pafupipafupi?

Kukhalapo kwa glucometer yaumwini ndikofunikira, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi monga amalemba ndi endocrinologist. Kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumawonetsa zotsatira zapakati pa miyezi itatu. Koma kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe amasintha tsiku lonse - ayi.

Kusintha kwa mtengo pa HbA1c?

Dera lililonse lili ndi mitengo yake. Mtengo pafupifupi wake ndi 800-900 rubles.

Kodi zotsatira zomwe zimapezeka kuma labotale osiyanasiyana zimakhala zothandiza?

Kuunikako kulibe njira yodziwira nokha yomwe ma labotore onse amagwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa zotsatira zake zingakhale zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, m'malo osiyanasiyana pakhoza kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Ndikwabwino kusankha labotale yamakono komanso yotsimikiziridwa ndikuwunikirako mosalekeza.

Kangati kumwa hemoglobin wa glycated

Odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti azisanthula miyezi itatu iliyonse, ndiye kuti, nthawi 4 pachaka kuti azitsimikizira momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira, kuchuluka kwa chipukutiro cha metabolism ya carbohydrate ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chizindikirocho chili mu mtengo womwe mukufuna.

Kodi nthawi yanji amasankhidwa? Glycated hemoglobin imakhudzana mwachindunji ndi maselo ofiira am'magazi, omwe moyo wawo umakhala pafupifupi masiku 120, koma ndi matenda ena amwazi amatha kuchepetsedwa.

Ngati mulingo wokhazikika wa shuga, mankhwalawa amasankhidwa bwino ndipo munthu akatsatira chakudya, mutha kuyeserera kangapo - kawiri pachaka. Kwa anthu athanzi, phunziroli limachitika zaka 1-3 zilizonse mwakufuna kwawo.

Kodi HbA1C imasiyana mwa amuna ndi akazi

Kusiyana pakati pazotsatira mwa akazi ndi abambo ndizochepa. Amasiyana kwenikweni ndi 0.5%, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yonse.

Mitengo ya HbA1C mwa anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka:

Njira zodziwitsa

Njira yokhayo yoona yomwe aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito ayi. Katswiri a hemoglobin wa glycated amatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito:

• chromatography yamadzimadzi;
• immunoturbodimetry;
• kusinthanitsa kwa ion chromatography;
• kusanthula kwa nephelometric.

Pomaliza, titha kunena kuti kusanthula ndikofunikira mu moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndipo mutha kuwona momwe shuga imaperekedwera komanso momwe amasankhidwira mankhwala oyenera.