Zomwe Zimayambitsa shuga wa Magazi Otsika

Shuga (glucose) ndiye gwero lamphamvu lothandizira thupi la munthu. Imalowa ngati gawo la zovuta zam'mimba, zimatulutsidwa m'matumbo am'mimba, ndipo zimatengedwa m'magazi. Kenako imagawidwa ndikusamutsidwa kupita ku maselo ndi minyewa.

Thupi laumunthu limayesetsa kukhalabe ndi shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse m'malo mwake, zomwe ndizokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa komanso njira zina zofunika kuzitsatira. Komabe, pali nthawi zina pamene zizindikiro zikuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa. Izi zitha kuwonetsa zochita zathupi kapena kakulidwe ka matenda.

Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa shuga wochepa wamagazi, mawonekedwe a vutoli mwa ana ndi akulu, ndi njira zowongolera.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani m'thupi?

Glucose ndi monosaccharide. Poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi ake atatha kudya, kapamba amalandila chizindikiro kuchokera ku ubongo kuti kuchuluka kwa glycemia kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Iron imatulutsa kuchuluka kwina kwa insulin yomwe imagwira ntchito, yomwe imafunika "kutsegulira pakhomo" maselo a mamolekyulu a glucose.

Shuga, kuwonjezera pakupatsa thupi mphamvu, imagwiranso ntchito zina zingapo zofunika:

• ndi gawo la ma nucleic acid, ndi gawo la ma nucleotide;
• amatenga nawo gawo pakupanga ma amino acid, kagayidwe kazinthu zina zamafuta, chakudya;
• imabwezeretsa mkhalidwe wamthupi pambuyo pa matenda achepetsa ndi okhazikika, kutopa, kufa ndi njala;
• zopindulitsa mu psycho-mtima chikhalidwe, bwino mikhalidwe;
• kumapangitsa kugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe ambiri amthupi.

Glucose - monosaccharide, yomwe ndi "mafuta" m'thupi la munthu

Kodi hypoglycemia ndi chiyani?

Hypoglycemia - mkhalidwe womwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumadutsa malire ovomerezeka mpaka pang'ono. Mulingo wapa shuga umasiyana pakati pa 3.3 mmol / L ndi 5.5 mmol / L. Mwa akazi ndi amuna azaka zapakati, zizindikirozi zimayenderana.

Mwazi wamwazi mwa mwana wochepera zaka 5 umasiyananso ndi zinthu zapamwamba. Mpaka chaka, malire apamwamba ndi 4.4 mmol / L, otsika - 2.8 mmol / L. Wakale kuposa chaka - 3,3-5 mmol / L.

Mitundu 2.5-2.9 mmol / L imatengedwa ngati shuga wochepa mwa akulu. Ngakhale glycemia wotsika amawonetsa kupita patsogolo kwa mkhalidwe wamatenda. Hypoglycemia imafuna kulowererapo mwachangu ndi akatswiri ndi chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa, popeza imadzala ndi zovuta komanso zotsatirapo zake.

Chifukwa chiyani shuga amatsika?

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa glycemia ndizosiyanasiyana. Amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga, kuchepa kwa ma enzymes angapo, kuchuluka kwa insulini, komanso zinthu zokhudzana ndi cholowa. Kupitilira apo, zowonjezereka pazomwe shuga yamagazi imagwera, komanso ngati zikufunika kuti madokotala alowererepo.

Kuperewera kwa shuga

Zoyenera Kutsatira

• Kuperewera kwa mahormone - shuga yochepa ya m'magazi imakhala chiwonetsero cha kusagwira bwino kwa gastala wa anterior pituitary, momwe kupanga mahomoni angapo (somatotropin, prolactin, thyrotropin, etc.) amachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake ndi matenda a tezi m'magazi a endocrine ambiri, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, amawonjezera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake pazowonjezera.
• Kuperewera kwa glucocorticoids (mahomoni a adrenal cortex) - njira yopanga matenda am'thupi ndi chimodzimodzi. Shuga imatha kutsitsidwa onse chakudya chisanalowe mthupi, ndipo maola ochepa mutatha izi.
• Kuperewera kwa glucagon - Hormone iyi imawonedwa ngati wotsutsana ndi insulin. Pamene glucagon ilowa m'magazi, kuwonjezereka kwa glycemia kumawonedwa, ngati kuperewera, kuchepa kwa zizindikiro.

Glucagon - timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timatulutsidwa ndi ma cell a pancreatic alpha

Kuperewera kwa enzyme

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia ndi matenda a Girke. Ichi ndi cholowa chamabadwa, chomwe chimadziwika ndi kusatha kwa maselo otenga nawo gawo popanga enzyme inayake, chifukwa chomwe njira yopanga shuga m'magazi imasokonekera.

Matenda enanso ndi matenda a chikuku. Chomwe chimatithandizanso kumatenda ndi kusowa kwa enzyme inayake. Ntchito yake ndikuwonongeka kwa nthambi za glycogen, kudula shuga yaulere kwa iwo. Pathology ili ndi maphunziro ofatsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi matenda a Girke.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi

Mwazi wamagazi ndi wabwinobwino mwa akulu

Ngati chakudya sichilowa mthupi mokwanira, ndiye izi zimapangitsa kuti shuga igwere mwamphamvu m'magazi. Maselo, makamaka ubongo, samalandira kuchuluka kofunikira kwa mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kuti zizigwira ntchito moyenera.

Njira yofananira yopanga hypoglycemia imawonedwa ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Zida zamatumbo "zimatha" glucose ochulukirapo kuposa momwe thupi limakwanitsira kupangira kapena kumabwera ndi chakudya.

Mimba

Munthawi ya bere, kusintha kwakukulu kumachitika m'thupi la mzimayi, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kuperewera kwa mahomoni ake ndi ma enzymatic. Shuga, yemwe amalowa m'thupi la mayi wapakati, ayenera kupereka mphamvu osati ku maselo ndi minofu yake, komanso thupi la mwana. Kufunika kukuchulukirachulukira mwezi uliwonse.

Ma mahomoni a placenta ndi adrenal cortex, omwe ndi insulin antagonists, akupangidwira mwachangu, koma chinsinsi cha insulin chokha chimakulitsidwa kuti chiziwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la mkazi.

Magazi a glucose nthawi zambiri amagwera theka lachiwiri la kubereka

Matenda a chiwindi

Kodi nchifukwa chiyani manambala a shuga m'magazi amatsika kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi? Izi ndichifukwa chakulephera kwake kutenga nawo gawo pakupanga shuga. Zitha kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda otsatirawa:

• chiwindi necrosis;
• kutupa kwa chikhalidwe;
• pachimake hepatic encephalopathy;
• zotupa za chiwindi kapena metastasis mu minofu yake;
• kulephera kwa chiwindi.

Mowa ndi mankhwala

Kuledzera ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemic. Mowa wa ethyl ukalowa m'thupi la munthu, ma enzymewo amatha, omwe amafunikira kupanga shuga. Pakapanda kusungidwa zinthu za enzymatic izi, shuga amapezeka m'magazi.

Ana, osamvetseka mokwanira, amatha kuyambanso kumwa glycemia. Izi ndichifukwa chakumwa mwangozi kapena mwadala.

Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsatirawa:

• beta blockers;
• salicylates;
• mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal.

NSAIDs - gulu la mankhwala omwe amachepetsa glycemia

Kuchuluka kwa shuga

Ma pathologies otsatirawa ali m'gulu lino, momwe mikhalidwe ya hypoglycemic imakhalira:

• insulinoma - chotupa cha kapamba, katulutsidwe wosadziletsa wa insulin;
• hyperplasia ya maselo omwe amapanga insulin mwa ana ndi akhanda;
• microadenomatosis - dysplasia maselo a islets a Langerhans-Sobolev;
• hypoglycemia ya chikhalidwe cha hyperinsulinulin;
• kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi odwala matenda ashuga.

Zochizira

Hypoglycemia ndi mkhalidwe womwe umafuna chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa ndikukonzanso tsiku lililonse kwamankhwala a shuga. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kutsekeka kwa shuga zikawoneka, muyenera kumwa tiyi wokoma, kudya gingerbread wokoma, maswiti, ndi shuga woyengedwa. Ngati munthu ali ndi vuto losokonezeka, muyenera kuyimbira foni gulu la ambulansi, chifukwa izi zitha kuwonetsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu mthupi.

Zakudya zomanga thupi zopatsa mphamvu zimachulukitsa glucose munthawi yochepa

Chithandizo cha ma inpatient chimakhala kuphatikiza njira ya glucose (koyamba kudzera m'mitsempha, kenako kugwera mu mtsempha), glucagon, adrenaline, mankhwala a mahomoni, mankhwala othandizira ntchito ya mtima ndi mitsempha ya m'magazi, diuretics (kuthana ndi matenda a edema).

Pambuyo pakuwonekera, wodwalayo amayenera kukonza zakudya zake. Amakhala mu chakudya chamagulu m'thupi, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Popanda matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuti mafuta osachepera 130 g amaperekedwa tsiku lililonse. Ndikofunikira kukana mowa, wokazinga, wokometsera, osuta.

Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku mbale zowotchera, zowotcha, zophika, zophika. M'pofunika kuphatikiza mu zakudya zokwanira zipatso ndi masamba, nyama yopendekera, nsomba. Ndikofunikanso kutsatira malingaliro a akatswiri oyenerera ndikuwunikira zizindikiro za glycemia mumphamvu.