Kuthamanga magazi kuchuluka kwa insulin

Insulin ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi ma cell a beta a islets a Langerhans-Sobolev a kapamba. Hormoni iyi imagwira ntchito yake pazochitika za thupi. Ndili othokoza chifukwa cha machitidwe ake kuti maselo ndi minyewa zimalandira shuga wokwanira kuti zitsimikizire mphamvu zawo. Zotsatirazi zimatengedwa ngati chizolowezi cha insulin m'mwazi wa amayi pamimba yopanda kanthu, zifukwa zosinthira pamlingo wake ndi momwe angachitire nawo.

Pang'ono pang'ono za mahomoni ndi ntchito zake

Insulin imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimaphunziridwa kwambiri ndi mahomoni. Ntchito zake ndi izi:

• kuchuluka cell khoma kupezeka kwa shuga;
• kutsegula kwa michere yomwe imakhudzana ndi njira ya glucose oxidation;
• kukondoweza kwa mapangidwe a glycogen ndi mawonekedwe ake m'maselo a chiwindi ndi minofu;
• kutenga nawo gawo kagayidwe ka lipids ndi mapuloteni.

Mkhalidwe wofala kwambiri ndikuti mulingo wa insulin m'magazi ndiwosakwanira. Pali mitundu iwiri yamatenda amtunduwu: kuperewera kwathunthu komanso kwa abale. Poyamba, ma cell a insulin achinsinsi a kapamba sangathe kuthana ndi ntchito zawo ndipo sangatulutse kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Mawonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha mtundu 1 shuga mellitus.

Ngati kapamba amapanga insulin yokwanira, koma maselo amthupi amataya chidwi chake, tikulankhula za kusakwanira kwina. Amathandizira mwachindunji pakupanga mtundu wa "matenda okoma".

Maselo a Beta a islets a Langerhans-Sobolev - woyang'anira ndi omwe amapanga insulin

Ndi manambala ati omwe amawona kuti ndi abwinobwino?

Mlingo wa insulin m'mwazi pamimba yopanda kanthu (mwa abambo ndi amayi azaka zapakati) samapitirira 25 mkU / l. Malire ovomerezeka ndi 3 μU / L.

Mwa ana osakwana zaka 12, gawo lotsika la insulin limafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa akuluakulu, ndipo chiwerengero chokwanira chovomerezeka pafupifupi 20 mkU / l. Mwa okalamba ndi amayi apakati, zinthu ndizosiyana pang'ono. Mankhwala awo abwinobwino amakhala ndi izi:

• Mimba: yayikulu - 27 mkU / l, osachepera - 6 mkU / l.
• Okalamba: okwanira 35 mkU / l, osachepera 6 mkU / l.

Werengani zambiri za kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi mwa ana imatha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi insulin imadziwika bwanji?

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi a akazi:

• kuyezetsa magazi;
• kuyesedwa kwa shuga.

Poyambirira, nkhaniyo imapereka magazi m'mimba yopanda kanthu mu malo ogwiritsira ntchito labotale. Kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zolondola, ndikofunikira kukonzekera kusonkhanitsa kwazinthu. Kwa maola 8 mpaka 12 amakana chakudya, m'mawa mumatha kumwa madzi okha (shuga, omwe ndi gawo la tiyi, compote amatha kuyambitsa kutulutsa kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi mahomoni) ndi kapamba).

Mayeso a kulolerana ndi glucose

Njira yodziwikirayi imachokera poti wodwala amatenga magazi kangapo. Muyeneranso kubwera ku labotale musanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Iwo amatenga magazi kuchokera mu mtsempha. Kenako, wodwalayo amamwa njira yotsekemera yochokera mu shuga ya glucose. Nthawi zingapo (dokotala yemwe akupezekapo angasonyeze mbali yomwe mukufuna nthawi yoyambiranso) magazi a venous amatengedwanso.

Glucose ufa, womwe umasungunulidwa m'madzi kuti uyesedwe, ungagulidwe ku pharmacy

Poyankha kudya kwa glucose m'thupi, kapamba wabwino ayenera kuyankha ndikutulutsa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kuti akatengere shuga m'maselo ndi minyewa. Ngati vuto la gland likuyenda bwino kapena kusintha kwachilengedwe kwamankhwala kuti apange insulin, thupi liyankhe motero, lomwe lidzatsimikizidwe mu labotale ndi chizindikiro cha wodwala matenda.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mita

Anthu omwe akukumana ndi opaleshoni iyi amatha kudabwa kudziwa kuti ndi thandizo lake ndikotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi. Chipangizocho sichikuwonetsa manambala enieni, koma chingapangitse kuyesa mayeso a shuga, kutengera zomwe zitha kutsimikiziridwa kuti insulini ikuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mita:

1. Yang'anani thanzi la chipangacho polisintha ndikuyika gawo loyesa. Khodi yomwe ili pamunsi ndi pazenera liyenera kufanana.
2. Sambani manja anu bwino, gwiritsani chala chanu ndi ethyl mowa kapena imodzi mwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Yembekezani kuti khungu liume.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito lancet, yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi zida, kupanga punct. Chotsani dontho la magazi ndi swab thonje.
4. Ikani dontho lachiwiri kumalo komwe kuli mzere woyezera. Derali limathandizidwa ndi michere yapadera yomwe imakhudzana ndi biomaterial ya nkhani.
5. Pakapita kanthawi (monga zikuwonetsedwa mu malangizo, a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma glucometer omwe amasiyanasiyana), zotsatira zake zimawonetsedwa pazenera. Iyenera kulembedwa mu diaryi yanu, kuti pambuyo pake ifananize ndi zisonyezo zina kapena kuwonetsa kwa katswiri woyenera.

Kudziwitsa kuchuluka kwa insulini ndikothekanso ndi glucometer

Hormone inachuluka

Gulu la insulin kukonzekera

Kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kumatha kukhala kwachilengedwe komanso matenda. Kuwonjezeka kwachilengedwe kwa mahomoni kumachitika pakudya, thupi likatumiza chizindikiro ku kapamba wokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa glycemia.

Pathologically insulin yayikulu imatchedwa hyperinsulinism. Malinga ndi gulu, izi zitha kukhala zoyambirira komanso zachiwiri. Hyperinsulinism yoyamba imayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a zovuta zamagetsi zamagetsi. Zoyambitsa zochitika zitha kukhala:

• pancreatic chotupa njira;
• magawo oyambirira a shuga;
• opaleshoni pamimba, chifukwa cha chomwe lumphu ya chakudya imalowa mwachangu m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, omwe amakwiyitsa ziwiya zobisika;
• machitidwe a neurotic.

Hyperinsulinism yachiwiri siyimagwirizidwa ndi ntchito ya pancreatic. Itha kuyamba motsutsana ndi maziko akumva njala, poyizoni wa chakudya nthawi yayitali, galactosemia, masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Zizindikiro

Ngati chizoloŵezi cha insulin m'mwazi wa akazi chikuphwanyidwa mokulira, madandaulo ofooka (ngakhale kutaya chikumbumtima), cephalgia, ndi kumva kugunda kwamphamvu kwa mtima kumawonekera. Pali mtima wofuna kudya, kugwedeza manja ndi miyendo, kupendekera ngodya za milomo.

Zizindikiro za hyperinsulinism zimagwirizana ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia

Katswiri amatha kudziwa kukhuthala kwa khungu, mantha, mkhalidwe wopsinjika mwa mkazi, kupezeka kogwira. Nthawi zina pamakhala kuphwanya koyang'ana mu nthawi ndi malo.

Mlingo wa insulin utachepa

Zowonetsa kuti chizolowezi cha insulin mwa akazi chimaphwanyidwa kocheperako chitha kuweruzidwa ndi mawonekedwe awa:

• shuga wambiri (woyezedwa kunyumba ndi glucometer kapena analyzer mu labotical);
• wodwala amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kumwa, kudya, kukodza kwambiri;
• ndi chilala chowonjezereka, kuchuluka kwa thupi sikuchitika, mmalo mwake, kulemera kumatha kuchepa;
• kuyabwa ndi kuuma kwa khungu, zotupa zomwe sizichiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'magazi zimatha kudyetsa magazi pafupipafupi komanso kuzunza michere yamagetsi. Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe zimaphatikizanso matenda opatsirana komanso osachiritsika, zochitika zodetsa nkhawa, komanso kuchepa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi okwanira.

Momwe mungathane ndi zopatuka?

Onse akusowa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini ndizovuta zomwe zimafunikira kukonza.

Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin

Mutha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni mothandizidwa ndi kulandira mankhwala. Amakhala mu achire makonzedwe a insulin analogues. Pali magulu angapo a mankhwalawa omwe amaphatikizidwa mu njira zina:

• mankhwala osakhalitsa a nthawi yayitali (Actrapid NM, Humalog, Novorapid);
• Mankhwala a nthawi yayitali (Protafan NM);
• insulin yayitali (Lantus, Levemir)

Analogue yopanga ya mahomoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa insulin mthupi.

Zakudya zama carb ochepa ndi njira inanso yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Iyi ndi njira yochepetsera zakudya, momwe mavitamini pang'ono amalowera wodwala. Mfundo zachakudya ndi kukana shuga, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakudya zomwe amakonda kudya pafupipafupi. Wodwala ayenera kudya pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kapamba azigwira ntchito "pa ndandanda."

Zakudya zothira, zosuta, zamchere ziyenera kutayidwa. Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku mbale zophika, zophika, zophika, zosaphika.

Timatsitsa zizindikiro

Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Ngati hyperinsulinism imayambitsa chotupa, iyenera kuchotsedwa ndi chemotherapy ina. Zowonjezera-pancreatic ziyeneranso kuthetsedwa.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha nthawi ya vuto la hypoglycemic. Kumayambiriro kwake, wodwalayo amapatsidwa kenakake kamtengo kokoma, kenako shuga amadzalowetsa m'mitsempha. Pa gawo la coma, jakisoni wa glucagon, adrenaline, ndi tranquilizer amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi yonse, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumangosungidwa mkati mwa zovomerezeka ndi zakudya. Ndikofunika kuti thupi lilandire mafuta okwanira 150 g patsiku, chakudya chinali pafupipafupi komanso mosiyanasiyana. Zakudya zotsekemera kwambiri ziyenera kutayidwa.

Kusintha kulikonse mthupi kuyenera kukambirana ndi katswiri woyenera. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa kukulira kwa zovuta ndikufulumizitsa njira yochira.