Pazakusankhidwa kwa insulin, mankhwala a insulini komanso kuyerekeza kwake ndi mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga

Zochizira matenda a shuga a mitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Hormone iyi imalipira kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, imachepetsa mwayi wamavuto.

Odwala amapatsidwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe amapanga. Kodi ndi mankhwala ati a insulin komanso a insulin, nkhaniyi ifotokoza.

Kodi chithandizo cha insulini chikufunika bwanji pochiza matenda ashuga?

Ngati munthu wakana insulini, ndiye kuti maselo a ziwalo amalephera kuyamwa glucose ndikuyamba kumva njala. Izi zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe onse: chiwindi, chithokomiro, impso, ndi ubongo zimayamba kuvutika.

Matenda a shuga amakhudza ziwalo zonse

Matenda a shuga osaperekedwa amabweretsa kukomoka, chikomokere, ndi kufa.. Mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda, ngati kapamba sangathe kutulutsa insulini, kuwonjezereka kwa mahomoni ndi kofunikira.

Zowonetsa ndi malingaliro athunthu

Masiku ano, odwala oposa 30% omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga amapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin. Zizindikiro zokwanira zamankhwala ndi awa:

• mtundu woyamba wa matenda;
• mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ngati: Zakudya zama carb ochepa komanso mankhwala oopsa a hypoglycemic sizothandiza, pali zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa, matenda a magazi amapezeka, chiwindi, kulephera kwa impso, mkazi ali ndi mwana kapena akuyamwitsa;
• kuphatikiza kwa matenda a shuga ndi matenda otupa komanso purulent, myocardial infarction, anorexia;
• zovuta zovuta za endocrine kusokonezeka (neuropathy, diabetesic phokoso syndrome).

Malamulo ndi mfundo za insulin yothandizira matenda ashuga

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa kumbuyo kwa jakisoni wa insulini kumachulukitsa ndi Mlingo wosankhidwa mosayenera, kuphwanya kosungidwa kwa zinthu.

Wodwala amatha kupeza vuto la hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy, chifuwa, komanso kusowa koonera. Kuti muchepetse mavuto obwera chifukwa cha insulin, muyenera kudziwa mfundo ndi kutsatira malamulo a mankhwalawa.

Ndi matenda a shuga 1

Kusinthasintha kwapafupi kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi kuti pakhale kwachilengedwe pakubadwa ndikotheka kutsatira malamulo ndi mfundo izi:

• pafupifupi tsiku lililonse mlingo uyenera kufanananso ndi masoka omwe amapanga insulin ndi kapamba;
• gawa mankhwalawa malinga ndi chiwembuchi: 2/3 m'mawa, nkhomaliro ndi madzulo, 1/3 usiku;
• phatikizani insulin yayifupi ndi yayitali;
• jakisoni amalimbikitsidwa musanadye;
• musagwiritsidwe mankhwala opitilira 16 mankhwala osaneneka.

Ndi matenda a shuga a 2

Ndi matenda osadzimira matendawa, ndikofunikira:

• osaletsa antipyretic mankhwala;
• kutsatira zakudya;
• Chitani zolimbitsa thupi.

Ndi matenda a shuga kwa ana

Kuchulukitsa chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mwana, kuti muchepetse zotsatira zoyipa za matenda, ndikofunikira:

• phatikizani insulin yayifupi ndi mankhwala omwe atenga nthawi yayitali;
• timadzi jakisoni wa sing'anga nthawi ziwiri kapena katatu patsiku;
• Ana opitirira zaka 12 akuchita zochizira zolimbitsa;
• sinthani mlingo mu magawo;
• ndi chidwi chachikulu, zoyeserera zothetsa banja.

Zimakhala zovuta kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti amalize maphunziro pasukulu: muyenera kubaya mankhwala nthawi yina. Kuti muchepetse chithandizo, kubisa matendawa kwa ana ena, sankhani chithandizo cha pampu. Pampu imangotulutsa timadzi tomwe timalowa m'thupi tikamakula.

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Pa nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kuchitika. Kufunika kwa insulin mwa mkazi munthawi ya mayeso kumawonjezeka.

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, ndibwino kutsatira malamulowa:

• Nthawi zambiri sinthani chithandizo (pamenepa, kagayidwe kamadziwika ndi kusakhazikika);
• sinthani ku insulin ya anthu (matupi awo sagwirizana kawirikawiri amapezeka kawirikawiri kuposa nkhumba kapena bovine);
• kupewa hyperglycemia, tengani jakisoni awiri patsiku;
• ntchito mankhwala apakatikati, aafupi, osakaniza;
• kuti shuga asamuke usiku, asanagone, muyenera kupaka jekeseni wa mankhwala;
• Simungapitenso patsogolo shuga ndi mapiritsi.

Mbali za zolimbitsa, basal bolus ndi pump insulin

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera, zapansi pa bolus ndi pompo kuchitapo kanthu pothandizira ma pancreatic hormone kuchiza odwala. Njira yoyamba imakhazikitsidwa ndi kutsanzira kutulutsa kwachilengedwe kwa mahomoni masana.

Njira yowonjezereka imadziwika ndi zotere:

• jakisoni angapo amapangidwa patsiku;
• makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakhalitsa;
• yaitali mankhwala jekeseni yaingʻono Mlingo wa mawonekedwe a basal jekeseni;
• nthawi ya jakisoni imasankhidwa potengera nthawi yomwe munthu akufuna kudya.

Chinsinsi cha chithandizo choyambira cha bolus ndikuti m'mawa kapena madzulo, insulin yayitali kapena yayifupi. Chifukwa chake kuyerekezera kwa magwiridwe antchito a kapamba kumatheka. Gawo limodzi la mahomoni limakhala ndi insulin yokwanira, yachiwiri imalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zina za mankhwala a insulin pump:

• kuyanjana kwa mitundu yonse ya mahomoni jakisoni imodzi;
• kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni;
• makonzedwe a mankhwala;
• kuthekera kotsanzira ntchito zachilengedwe za kapamba.

Kodi ndikufunika kupaka insulin ngati shuga ndi yabwinobwino?

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kapamba amatha kutulutsa timadzi tambiri tambiri. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina munthu amakhala ndi shuga.

Ngati glycemia yachangu ndi 5.9, ndipo mutatha kudya sapitilira 7 mmol / l, ndiye kuti insulin ikhoza kusiyidwa kwakanthawi.

Koma nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi zingwe zoyeserera.

Zoyenera kuchita mukaphonya jakisoni?

Zimachitika kuti munthu waiwala kubaya insulin. Algorithm yothandizira kuti azichita zina zimatengera kangati patsiku wodwala amapaka jakisoni:

• Ngati mlingo umodzi ukusowa mukabayitsa mahomoni owonjezera kawiri patsiku, ndikofunikira kusintha glycemia m'magawo 12 otsatira ndi mankhwala osakhalitsa. Kapena onjezerani zolimbitsa thupi kuti kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kwachilengedwe kuchitika;
• Ngati mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kamodzi patsiku, ndiye kuti atatha maola 12 kuchokera pa jakisoni wosowa, apangileni jakisoni theka;
• mukadumphira insulin, mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa mofulumira mukatha kudya. Mutha kuwonjezera zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ngati glucometer amawonetsa glycemia ya 13 mmol / l, ndiye chifukwa chake ndikuyenera kuyambitsa magawo a 1-2 a mahoni afupiafupi.

Kodi insulin ndi adrenaline amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Adrenaline ndi insulin ndi zinthu ziwiri zotsutsana.

Malinga ndi Russian Endocrinology Research Center, gawo la insulini limachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi 2 mmol / l, ndipo 1 ml ya adrenaline imaletseratu kugunda kwa hypoglycemic.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti insulin (adrenaline) imachita mosiyanasiyana pa odwala matenda ashuga: kudalira zaka za munthu, kulemera kwake, ndi zolimbitsa thupi zimatha. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhudza anthu achichepere komanso owonda, ana kwambiri.

Ndondomeko ya Zakudya Zaukhondo ndi Kuyang'anira Magazi a Magazi

Ndikofunikira kuti munthu wamkulu komanso mwana yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda ashuga azitsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Zitsanzo zamagetsi:

• kadzutsa (4 XE) - gawo la phala la chimanga, kapu imodzi ya mkaka;
• chakudya (1 XE) - zipatso;
• nkhomaliro (2 XE) - nyama, masamba, mbatata yosenda;
• tiyi wamadzulo (1 XE) - zipatso;
• chakudya chamadzulo (4 XE) - phala ndi saladi, nsomba yophika;
• asanagone (1 XE) - kagawo ka mkate wathunthu ndi tiyi.

Zogulitsa zimatsutsana:

• nyama ya nkhumba, nsomba zamafuta;
• Chocolate
• zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi;
• margarine;
• mbatata
• marinade;
• mowa
• makeke.

Chinsinsi cha Latin insulin

Onse odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulembedwa ndi endocrinologist. Ali ndi ufulu kulandira insulin yaulere.

Chinsinsi cha Latin chimaperekedwa chomwe chikuwoneka ngati ichi:

• Rp: Insulini 6 ml (40 ED - 1 ml).
• Nthano zachabe No. 10.
• Jekeseni 10 ED (0.25 ml) katatu patsiku mphindi 20 musanadye khungu.

Kodi zopanga insulin zabwino kwambiri ndi ziti?

Mankhwala a insulin amakono komanso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse ndi awa:

• Chichewa. Awa ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri. Amachepetsa shuga m'mphindi 15. Muli insulin yaumunthu. Kusunga shuga wambiri kwa maola atatu;
• Gensulin N. Chithandizo chapakatikati. Amachepetsa shuga pambuyo ola limodzi pakatha maola 20. Malinga ndi malangizo, imakhala ndi zoyipa zochepa;
• Lantus. Uwu ndi mtundu wa mankhwala wokhalitsa. Zovomerezeka kwa maola 40.

Jakisoni wa insulin kapena mapiritsi: ndibwino bwanji?

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amathandizidwa kokha ndi insulin. Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda angagwiritse ntchito mapiritsi kapena jakisoni.

Fomu ya kapisolo ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo imapereka kuyang'anira kwa chilengedwe cha glucose. Nthawi yomweyo mapiritsi amakhudza kayendedwe ka chiwindi ndi impso.

Ndi kusankha kolakwika kwa mankhwalawo, pamakhala ngozi yotenga mtima. Zilonda pankhaniyi ndizotetezeka ndipo zimatha 100% kulowa m'malo mwa kapamba.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Zokhudza insulin yothandizira mtundu 1 ndi matenda amitundu iwiri mu kanema:

Chifukwa chake, shuga imathandizidwa ndimapiritsi ochepetsa shuga kapena jakisoni wa insulin. Njira yoyamba ndi yoyenera kwa odwala amtundu wachiwiri. Chithandizo cha jakisoni ndiyo njira yokhayo yotumizira anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda.