Pampu ya insulin, ndiye, chida chomwe chimagwira ntchito za kapamba, cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupereka insulin m'magawo ang'onoang'ono kwa thupi la wodwalayo.
Mlingo wa timadzi tating'onoting'ono timayang'aniridwa ndi wodwala iyemwini, mogwirizana ndi mawerengero ndi malingaliro a adokotala.
Asanaganize kukhazikitsa ndi kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, odwala ambiri amafunitsitsa kuwerenga zowunikira za pampu ya insulin, malingaliro a akatswiri ndi odwala omwe akugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi, ndikupeza mayankho a mafunso awo.
Kodi pampu ya insulini imagwira ntchito kwa odwala matenda ashuga?
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, makamaka mtundu wachiwiri, womwe malinga ndi ziwerengero umakhala pafupifupi 90-95% ya milandu yamatendawa, jakisoni wa insulin ndiwofunikira, chifukwa popanda kudya mahomoni ofunikira mulingo woyenera, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuchuluka kwa shuga pamagazi.
Zomwe mtsogolomo zimapangitsanso kuwonongeka kosasintha kwa ziwalo zam'magazi, ziwono zam'maso, impso, maselo amitsempha, komanso zochitika zapamwamba zimayambitsa kuphedwa.
Osati kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kubweretsedwa pazikhalidwe zovomerezeka ndikusintha moyo (kudya mwamphamvu, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga Metformin).
Kwa odwala ambiri, njira yokhayo yokwaniritsira kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi kudzera mu jakisoni wa insulin.Funso la momwe angaperekere bwino timadzi ta m'magazi linali chidwi kwa gulu la asayansi aku America ndi aku France omwe adaganiza, pamaziko oyesera azachipatala, kuti amvetsetse kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mapampu mosiyana ndi jekeseni wamba, odziwongolera okha.
Pa kafukufukuyu, gulu lidasankhidwa kukhala ndi odzipereka 495 omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, azaka 30 mpaka 75 ndipo amafunika jakisoni wambiri wa insulin.
Gululi lidalandira insulin ngati mawonekedwe a jekeseni wokhazikika kwa miyezi iwiri, pomwe anthu 331 adasankhidwa pambuyo panthawiyi.
Anthuwa sanathe, malinga ndi chizindikiro cha magazi ofunika, omwe amawonetsa shuga wamba wamagazi (glycated hemoglobin), achepetse pansipa 8%.
Pampu ya insulin
Chizindikiro ichi chinawonetsa bwino kuti m'miyezi ingapo yapitayo, odwala sawunikira bwino kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi mwawo ndipo sanawongolere.
Kugawa anthuwa m'magulu awiri, gawo loyamba la odwala, lomwe ndi anthu 168, adayamba kubaya insulin kudzera pampu, odwala 163 otsalira adangopereka jakisoni wa insulin palokha.
Pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyesera, zotsatirazi zidapezeka:
- kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa omwe ali ndi pampu yoikika anali 0.7% kutsika poyerekeza ndi jakisoni wokhazikika wa mahomoni;
- oposa theka la omwe adagwiritsa ntchito pampu ya insulin, yomwe ndi 55%, adatha kuchepetsa glycated hemoglobin index pansi pa 8%, 28% yokha ya odwala omwe ali ndi jekeseni ochiritsira omwe adakwaniritsa zotsatira zomwezo;
- Odwala okhala ndi mpope wokhazikika amene amakhala ndi hyperglycemia pafupifupi maola atatu patsiku.
Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya pampu yatsimikiziridwa mwachipatala.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Ubwino wawukulu wa chipangizocho ndi kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe, ngati munthu anganene zachilengedwe, njira ya insulin yolowera thupi, ndipo chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira mosamala kwambiri shuga, komwe pambuyo pake kumayambitsa kuchepetsa zovuta zazitali zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matendawa.
Chipangizocho chimayambitsa Mlingo wa insulin yaying'ono, yowerengeka kwambiri, yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndikubwereza ntchito ya endocrine.
Pampu ya insulin ili ndi zotsatirazi:
- kumabweretsa kukhazikika kwa mulingo wa glycated hemoglobin mkati zovomerezeka;
- Amathandizanso wodwalayo kufunika kwa jakisoni wambiri wodziimira mkati mwa insulin masana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali;
- amalola wodwala kuti asamakhale pang'ono pankhani yazakudya zake, kusankha zinthu, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuwerengera kwamawonekedwe ofunikira a mahomoni;
- amachepetsa kuchuluka, kuuma komanso kuchuluka kwa hypoglycemia;
- imakupatsani mwayi wowongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mutatha kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi.
Zoyipa za pampu, odwala ndi akatswiri mwachidziwikire amaphatikizapo:
- mtengo wake wokwera, ndipo chida chonsecho chimafunikira ndalama zambiri, ndikukonzanso (zomwe zimabwezeretsa);
- kuvala mosalekeza kwa chipangizocho, chipangizocho chimalumikizidwa ndi wodwala nthawi yonse, pampu imatha kulumikizidwa kuchokera kwa thupi osaposa maola awiri patsiku kuti muchite zinthu zina zomwe wodwala (kusamba, kusewera masewera, kugonana, ndi zina zambiri);
- momwe zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zilizonse zimatha kuthyoka kapena kugwira ntchito molakwika;
- kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuchepa kwa insulin mthupi (matenda ashuga ketoacidosis), chifukwa insulin yochepa-yochita pang'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- kumafunikira kuwunika kwamisempha yambiri, pali kufunika kofikitsa mulingo wa mankhwalawa musanadye.
Ndemanga ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 20 zokhudza pampu ya insulin
Asanagule pampu ya insulin, ogwiritsa ntchito amafuna kumva malingaliro a wodwala za chipangizocho. Odwala achikulire adagawika m'misasa iwiri: othandizira komanso otsutsa ogwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho.
Ambiri, akungodzipangira jakisoni wa insulin kwakanthawi, samawona zabwino zapadera zogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chamtengo, kuzolowera kuperekera insulin "njira yakale."
Komanso m'gulu ili la odwala mukuopa kuwonongeka kwa pampu kapena kuwonongeka kwa ma chubu kulumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asalandire mlingo wa mahomoni panthawi yoyenera.
Ponena za chithandizo cha ana omwe amadalira insulin, ambiri mwa odwala ndi akatswiri amakhulupilira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito pampu ndikofunikira.
Mwana sangathe kubaya jakisoni payekha, amatha nthawi yoti amwe mankhwalawo, mwina adzaphonya chakudya chakecho, ndipo adzakopa chidwi chake pakati pa ophunzira nawo.
Wachinyamata amene walowa msinkhu wakutha msinkhu, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuchepa kwa insulin, komwe kumatha kulipiridwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito pampu.
Maganizo a akatswiri a matenda ashuga
Ambiri a endocrinologists amakhulupirira kuti pampu ya insulin ndi malo abwino kwambiri operekera jakisoni achikhalidwe, omwe amalola shuga kukhala m'magazi a wodwalayo m'njira zovomerezeka.
Kupatula, madokotala samangoganiza za kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, koma thanzi la wodwalayo komanso kuwonjezereka kwa shuga.
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri makamaka ngati chithandizo cham'mbuyomu sichinapangitse zotsatira zomwe zimafunikira, komanso kusintha kosasintha kwayambika ziwalo zina, mwachitsanzo, impso, ndi kusinthanitsa kwa chiwalo chimodzi chokhazikika chikufunika.
Kukonzekereratu thupi lachiberekero cha impso kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo kuti zitheke bwino, kukhazikika kwa kuwerenga kwa magazi kumafunika. Mothandizidwa ndi pampu, izi ndizosavuta kukwaniritsa .. Madotolo amati odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso amafunikira jakisoni wa insulin mokwanira, pomwe pampu idayikika ndikukwaniritsa misempha yokhazikika ya glucose ndi iyo, amatha kukhala ndi pakati komanso kubereka mwana wathanzi labwino.
Akatswiri amati odwala omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga omwe sanayike moyo wawo pachiwopsezo chaumoyo wawo, adayamba kuyenda kwambiri, kusewera masewera, samvera kwambiri zakudya zawo, ndipo samatsata zakudya kwambiri.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanagule pampu ya matenda ashuga:
Kuchita bwino kwa pampu ya insulini kumatsimikiziridwa mwaukadaulo, ndipo kulibe zotsutsana. Kukhazikitsa koyenera kwambiri kwa odwala achichepere, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kuti azikhala kusukulu kuti azitsatira malangizo onse a adokotala.
Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa wodwalayo kumangodziwikitsa ndipo pakapita nthawi kumayambitsa kukula kwake pamlingo wovomerezeka.
