Kuchuluka magazi triglycerides mwa akazi ndi amuna

Kusintha kwa lipid yamagazi kumachitika mosadukiza. Zowona kuti triglycerides imakwezedwa, nthawi zambiri timaphunzira mwamwayi, panthawi yopima mayeso. Kupatuka kuzizolowereka kumawonetsa zovuta za metabolic. Ngati kuphwanya kumeneku sikukonzedwa pakapita nthawi, kusintha kwa ma atherosselotic kumadzaza m'matumbo, komwe kumapeto kwake kungayambitse kulephera kwa mtima, kugunda kwa mtima, ischemia yamitsempha, komanso kusokonezeka kwa magazi kumapeto, impso, ndi matumbo. Mkulu triglycerides nthawi zambiri amayankha bwino chithandizo. Odwala amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachepetsa lipids.

Ntchito wamba

Triglycerides ndi amodzi mwa lipids zazikulu zamagazi. Amalowa m'sitimazi m'njira ziwiri. Exo native triglycerides amachokera ku zakudya zamafuta zomwe timadya. Mukatha kudya, triglycerides m'magazi imakwezedwa, mkati mwa maola 10 mulingo wawo umabwereranso ku mtengo wake wakale. 70-150 magalamu a triglycerides ku chakudya amalowa m'magazi athu patsiku. Endo native triglycerides amapangidwa ndi chiwindi, mafuta madongosolo, ndi matumbo.

Thupi limasokoneza magazi kwambiri triglycerides kukhala mafuta acids, omwe amatha ntchito m'njira zofunika kwambiri kapena kudzikundikira minofu yamafuta. Ngati pazifukwa zina njirayi yasokonekera, kuchuluka kwa triglycerides kumawonjezeka, ndipo hypertriglyceridemia imapezeka m'magazi. Ngati osati kokha triglycerides, komanso ma lipids ena amwazi opitilira muyeso, kufufuza kwa hyper- kapena dyslipidemia amapangidwa.

Izi ndi atherogenic. Kwa munthu wamkulu wokhala ndi hyperlipidemia, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima umakulitsidwa kwambiri (CVD mwachidule). Kupatulako ndizovuta zachilendo zamtundu zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa triglycerides, osachulukitsa chiopsezo cha CVD, koma zimatha kuyambitsa pancreatitis yovuta kwambiri.

Ma labu a triglycerides mu plasma yamagazi akhazikitsidwa malinga ndi zaka komanso jenda. Choyimira chimatha kutsimikizika m'magawo awiri: mmol / l amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, nthawi zambiri mg / 100 ml. Mitundu yoyang'anira ma labotale osiyanasiyana ikhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana, koma malire omwe ali ndimomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala:

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

Mu ana, triglycerides amachulukitsidwa kwambiri masabata 6 oyambirira atabadwa, pambuyo pake amachepa. Kuyambira pa zaka zam'mbuyo asanabadwe amakula bwino, amagwa nthawi yokhayo yomwe ikukula mwachangu. Ngati triglycerides imakwezedwa, nthawi zambiri izi zimatanthawuza kuti mwana ali ndi cholowa cha lipid metabolism chomwe, popanda chithandizo, chingayambitse kudwala kwamtima kwambiri. Zocheperako, ma triglycerides ambiri mwa ana amakhala chifukwa cha zakudya zopanda thanzi ndi moyo wawo.

Kupitilira muyeso mwa amuna

Mwa amuna, onse ma lipid miyambo ndi chiwopsezo cha mtima zimachuluka. Imfa yochokera ku pathologies ya mtima kapena yamitsempha yamagazi imawopseza amuna 5-10% achikulire, ngakhale atayang'anira cholesterol ndi triglycerides, idyani moyenera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zinthu monga kusuta, kumwa mowa ngakhale pang'ono, kuchuluka kwa magazi osaneneka, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kuchuluka kwa triglycerides mwa abambo kumakulitsa chiopsezo cha kufa kangapo.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyesa kuyesedwa kwa milingo ya lipid kuyambira ali ndi zaka 40. Ngati akwezedwa, chithandizo chiyenera kuyambika nthawi yomweyo. Mwa abambo, njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zimapatsa zotsatira zabwino: chakudya choletsa mafuta ochepa a nyama komanso kuchuluka kwa fiber, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa. Amakulolani kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa lipid, ndipo, motero, ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima mu theka la amuna. 50% yotsala ndiyopangidwanso mankhwala.

Zolakwika mwa akazi

Mlingo wa triglycerides mwa mkazi umayamba kukula kuyambira paubwana mpaka zaka 60. Kupatula kokha ndi kutenga pakati paunyamata ndi unyamata. Triglycerides imakwezedwa panthawi yapakati pazifukwa zathupi; izi sizifunikira chithandizo. Mwa trimester ya 3, imatha kupitiliza momwe zimakhalira kawiri.

Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa mahomoni, mkazi, wathanzi, yemwe amakhala wathanzi amakhala wotsika kwambiri, ndipo pafupipafupi matenda a mtima ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi amuna. Ndi kuyambika kwa kusintha kwa kubereka, chiwopsezo cha CVD chikuwonjezeka, milingo ya lipid imachuluka, koma zochitika zonse sizimasintha. Kuopsa kwa matenda a mtima mwa akazi kumachedwetsedwa ndi zaka pafupifupi 10, ndiye kuti ndi chimodzimodzi kwa bambo wazaka 50 ndi mayi wazaka 60.

Pathologies omwe amapotoza kagayidwe (matenda a impso, matenda am'mimba, matenda ashuga) mwa azimayi amathandizira kwambiri pakumapezeka kwa lipid kuposa amuna. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga amawonjezera chiwopsezo cha CVD mwa akazi kawiri, mwa amuna katatu.

Amayi amalimbikitsidwa kumayesedwa chaka chilichonse, kuyambira ali ndi zaka 50, komanso makamaka ngati akusamba - atangoyamba kumene.

Matenda a hypertriglyceridemia

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi a biochemical, kuphatikiza kutsimikiza kwa milingo ya lipid, kumafunika pambuyo pa zaka 40 (zaka 50 kwa akazi) pamaso pa CVD, ndipo ngati pali zifukwa zowonjezera za CVD:

• Mtundu 2 shuga;
• matenda oopsa
• kusuta
• kunenepa kwambiri (BMI yopitilira 30, m'chiuno choposa 94 masentimita mwa amuna, 80 mwa akazi);
• chibadwidwe - matenda a mtima ali aang'ono pakati pa abale;
• matenda a impso;
• matenda autoimmune matenda - nyamakazi, psoriasis.

Pakusanthula, osachepera milingo ya triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL iyenera kutsimikizika. M'mabizinesi azamalonda, zovuta za maphunzirowa zimatchedwa "lipid mbiri" kapena "lipid mbiri". Mwazi umaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, pambuyo panjala yotalika maola 12-16. Zotsatira zosadalirika zimatha kudzetsa nkhawa, kukhathamiritsa thupi, kumwa mowa tsiku lisanafike mayeso.

Zoyambitsa Kukula kwa Triglyceride

Triglycerides yokwera imatha kukhala chifukwa chimodzi kapena zingapo:

1. Hyperlipidemia yoyamba - matenda obadwa nawo, chifukwa chake ndi jini losakhazikika lomwe limayang'anira kuchuluka kwa triglycerides ndi cholesterol. Ngati majini amatengera kwa makolo onse, hyperlipidemia imakhala yoopsa ndipo sikuti singachiritsidwe.
2. Hyperlipidemia yachiwiri - zotsatira zakusokonekera mu kagayidwe kachakudya. Nthawi zambiri chimayambitsa ndi hypothyroidism, matenda ashuga, matenda a gallstone, matenda a chiwindi, kunenepa kwambiri. Triglycerides amathanso kuwonjezeka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali: ma adrenergic blocking agents, ma diuretics, immunosuppressants, kulera kwamlomo.
3. Alimentary hyperlipidemia - zotsatira za moyo wathu. Ngati chakudyacho chili ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a nyama ndi zakudya zochepa zamafuta, triglycerides alibe nthawi yochepera.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma triglycerides apamwamba kwambiri azikhala ndi moyo wopanda thanzi: kusuntha pang'ono, kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, kusuta, kuledzera, komanso kuyankha mopitilira muyeso wina uliwonse.

Ngati ma lipids ena ndi abwinobwino

Popeza zovuta zama metabolic zimakhala zovuta, ndizomveka kuganiza kuti triglycerides yapamwamba iyenera kukhala moyandikana ndi cholesterol yotsika kwambiri. M'malo mwake, ubalewu siunthawi zonse. C cholesterol yathunthu ndi triglycerides imakwezedwa mwa odwala omwe ali ndi dyslipidemia a mitundu IIb ndi III, pafupipafupi mitundu yamtunduwu ndi pafupifupi 40%. Mu 10%, cholesterol yayikulu imaphatikizidwa ndi triglycerides yabwinobwino, amapezeka ndi mtundu IIa.

Ndi mtundu wa IV dyslipidemia, cholesterol imakhala yofala kwambiri, ndipo triglycerides ndi VLDL imakwezedwa. Izi zitha kukhala zonse zoyambirira komanso zachiwiri. Amawerengedwa ngati owopsa m'mitsempha yamagazi kuposa mitundu II ndi III. Pamene triglycerides ndi apamwamba kuposa abwinobwino, koma ochepera 5 mmol / l, odwala amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima. Ngati triglycerides ali pamwambapa 5, kupweteka kwa pachimake kumatheka. Pafupipafupi mtundu wa IV ndi pafupifupi 45%.

Njira zochepetsera triglycerides

Ngati ma triglycerides amakwezedwa, mwa akazi ndi amuna, mkhalidwe wamatayalawo umakulirakulira: makoma awo amakhala owuma, amachepetsa, ndipo kuwala kumachepa. Kungoona kwakanthawi kake komanso chithandizo cha hyperlipidemia ndi komwe kungayimitse njirayi.

Momwe mungachepetse triglycerides:

1. Pa gawo loyamba la chithandizo, njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza zakudya, maphunziro olimbitsa thupi, kukana ndudu ndi mowa wonse.
2. Kutsika kwa kudzikundikira kwamafuta kumathandiziranso cholesterol: kilogalamu iliyonse itayika, mulingo wa triglycerides umatsika pafupifupi 0.015, cholesterol ndi 0.05 mmol / l.
3. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala sizinachepetse lipids kukhala yachilendo m'miyezi 3-6. Kusiyana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi hyperlipidemia yambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyamba. Amawalembera mankhwala atangowunikira kuwunika kupatuka panjira yokhazikika.

Kukonzanso zakudya

Udindo wa zakudya popewa CVD zatsimikiziridwa ndi maphunziro ambiri. Njira yolingalira, yabwino pa kudya kwa odwala akuluakulu imakhudza zinthu zingapo za CVD nthawi imodzi: imakupatsani mwayi wochepetsa triglycerides ndi cholesterol, sinthani magazi komanso shuga wambiri.

Zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri triglycerides malinga ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi umboni:

Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, kusintha kosangalatsa kwambiri kwa zakudya ndikuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi kuchuluka kwa trans, kuchuluka kwa fiber, komanso kuchuluka kwama phytosterols.

Malangizo pazomwe mungachite ndi zakudya za dyslipidemia:

1. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri - kuchepa kwa ma calories. Amawerengeredwa m'njira yoti athe kuonetsetsa kuti kuchepa thupi kwa pafupifupi makilogalamu anayi pamwezi.
2. Chiwerengero choyenera cha michere (BJU) ndi 15% protein / 30% mafuta / 55% ma carbohydrate atali,% amawerengedwa kuchokera pazambiri zonse zopatsa mphamvu.
3. Kuchepetsa zakudya zamafuta a cholesterol: batala (100 g 215 mg cholesterol), offal, makamaka impso (600 mg) ndi ubongo (1500 mg), crustaceans (150-200 mg), mafuta a nyama (110 mg), nyama yamafuta ( 85-100 mg) ndi nkhuku (60-90 mg). Kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kolesterol sikuyenera kupitirira 200 mg.
4. Kudya masamba komanso zitsamba zocheperako tsiku lililonse ndi 400 g.
5. Kusintha nyama yamafuta ndi nyemba, mbalame zopanda khungu, nsomba.
6. Zakudya za mkaka zatsiku ndi tsiku zamafuta ochepa.
7. Zakudya zomanga thupi zimakhala zazitali - masamba, zipatso, phala.
8. Maswiti (kuphatikiza zakumwa za shuga) sayenera kupitirira 10% ya kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
9. Nsomba zam'nyanja zamafuta zolemera ku Omega-3 ziyenera kukhalapo patebulo osachepera kawiri pa sabata.
10. Zakudya zochepa zamafuta ndizakudya 25 g patsiku. Ngati sikokwanira mu chakudya, chinangwa chimatha kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zochitika kwa odwala onse: mwa ana ndi akulu, ngakhale atakhala zaka komanso thupi. Wodwala aliyense amasankha katundu amene angathe kuchita. Maphunziro akuthupi amayenera kuperekedwa osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku, mphamvu yoyenera imakhazikitsidwa ndi zimachitika, zomwe zimayenera kukhala 60-75% ya kuchuluka kwa mtima kwapamwamba (kuwerengera: zaka zowerengeka za 220 pazaka). Katundu woyenera - maphunziro a Cardio: kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kusambira mwachangu, aerobics, kuvina mwachangu, ndi zina zambiri.

Mankhwala ochepetsa lipid

Mankhwala otsitsa a Lipid amapatsidwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zina mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo. Monga mankhwala onse ogwira ntchito, kutsitsa lipid kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa, chifukwa zimayikidwa pokhapokha ngati njira zina zokhala ndi matenda a triglycerides sizinapereke kufunika. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zosafunika za mankhwalawa ndizowopsa kwambiri kuposa kuzikana ndikukhala ndi moyo wokhazikika wa triglycerides.

Wolembetsedwa ku Russian Federation mankhwala othandizira triglycerides:

Musanalembe mankhwala, ndikofunika kuti wodwalayo apimidwe mayeso kuti adziwe matenda omwe angayambitse matenda oopsa a hypertriglyceridemia. Monga lamulo, chithandizo chopambana cha matenda awa chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa lipids popanda mankhwala ochepetsa lipid.

Chithandizo cha anthu

Njira yothandiza yothana ndi ma triglycerides okwera amaonedwa kuti ndi mafuta a adyo. Kuti ikonzekere, ma clove adyo wosakanizidwa amaikidwa mu kapu yagalasi ya 0,7 l mphamvu - anyezi 1 wamkulu. Ma cloves amathiridwa ndi mafuta otentha azamasamba. Mafuta ayenera kukhala osasinthika, 1 spin. Sesame ndi chimanga ndizabwino; Chotengera chimatsekedwa ndikutsukidwa m'malo abwino kwa sabata limodzi. Tengani supuni 3-4 patsiku.