Pochita opaleshoni, kutupa kwa kapamba kumagawidwa pachimake komanso kosatha, ma cysts abodza ndi pancreatic neoplasms (chosaopsa ndi chovunda) amakhalanso odziwika.
Popanda opaleshoni, ndizotheka kuchiritsa pancreatitis yokhayi. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mankhwala, koma kutupa kwa chiwalo chambiri, monga cyst yabodza kapena khansa, kumafunikira opaleshoni.
Opaleshoni ndiyofunikira kuchiritsa kwathunthu wodwalayo kapena kusintha thanzi lake ndikusintha moyo wabwino.
Pachimake kapamba
Kwa mankhwalawa, choyambirira, njira zothandizira ziwonetsero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiko kuti, osati opareshoni. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo ayenera kukana kudya, kuti asayambitse mapangidwe a msuzi.
- M'pofunika kudya kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi ambiri kuthandizira njira yokumba. Popeza minofu necrosis imatha kuchitika ndipo zotsatira zake, nthenda imayamba.
- Nthawi zina odwala amapatsidwa mankhwala a antibacterial. Kuchita opaleshoni ya gland ndikofunikira ngati matenda a minofu yakufa kapena mapangidwe abodza amatsimikiziridwa.
- Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kuti zithetse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati choyambitsa ndi matenda a ndulu, ndiye kuti miyala iyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo nthawi zina chikhodzodzo chonse chimachotsedwa.
Pancreatic cyst
Masewera abodza ndi kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa chiwalo komwe kumatha kukula ngakhale patadutsa zaka zingapo kutukusira kwadzaoneni.
Mapangidwe oterewa ndi abodza chifukwa khoma lake lamkati lilibe membala wa mucous.
Izi zimangokhala zopanda phindu m'chipatala ndipo zimatha kuthandizidwa pokhapokha ngati wodwala akudandaula za mseru, kupweteka, kulemera m'mimba, ndi zina zambiri.
Khansa ya Pancreatic - Khansa ya Chamba
Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi ductal adenocarcinoma wa kapamba.
Zikhansa za chiwalochi ndizolimba kwambiri, zotupa zimakula ndikukula mwachangu ndipo zimatha kukula ndikukula.
Neoplasm ikakhala mchira wa gland kapena pakati pake, odwala nthawi zambiri amamva kupweteka kumbuyo ndi chipinda chapamwamba cha m'mimba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chokwiyitsa malo a mitsempha omwe amakhala kumbuyo kwa kapamba.
Kukula kwa matenda a shuga kungakhale umboni wa khansa ya kapamba. Njira yokhayo yomwe wodwala angachotse matendawa ndi kuchitidwa opareshoni.
Njira Zopangira Opaleshoni
Kutupa komwe kumachitika m'mitsempha mwake kumayambitsa kufa kwa maselo a ziwalo ndipo minofu yakufa yotere ndiyofunika kuchotsedwa ndi opareshoni. Dera lozungulira gland limatsukidwa ndi ngalande, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse chidwi cha kutupa.
Ngati njira yotupa imayambitsidwa ndi mwala mu duct ya bile, yomwe imalepheretsa kutuluka kwa pancreatic kulowa mu duodenum ndi pakamwa pa duct wamba ya bile, ndiye kuti madokotala amayesera kuchotsa mwala uwu mwa opaleshoni ya endoscopic (ya ERCP).
Pancreatitis pachimake ichiritsidwa, nthawi zina amachotsa ndulu yonse.
Matenda kapamba
Ndi matendawa, muyenera kupewa kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, mankhwalawa ndikumwa mankhwala okhala ndi michere yokugaya.
Muyeneranso kusokoneza bwalo loipa, lomwe limapangidwa ndi kutuluka kovuta kwa madzi am'mimba ndi njira yotupa yomwe imayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kusunthika kwa chinsinsi ichi mu kapamba. Izi zitha kuchitika pakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito gland, pomwe minyewa yam'mimba imachotsedwa makamaka pamutu pa chiwalo.
Pankhaniyi, chithandizo choyenera kwambiri ndicho kusunga pancreatoduodenal resection (kapena duodenum-kusunga mutu resection).
Mwa mawu ovuta awa akutanthauza ntchito yomwe opaleshoni yochotsa mutu wamadzimadzi imachitika. Pankhaniyi, duodenum (duodenum) imasungidwa.
Poterepa, madotolo amapanga gawo lopangidwa ndi V kutsogolo kwa thupi la gland, mpaka kumapeto kwa ziwalozo. Zofooka zomwe zimayambitsidwa zimakonzedwa ndi akatswiri popanga chiuno chong'ambika kuchokera m'matumbo ang'ono. Pamodzi ndi chiunochi, timadziti tam'mimba timalowa m'matumbo am'mimba.
Kuchita kotereku kumabweretsa kuchepetsedwa kwa ululu pafupifupi 75% ya odwala, komanso kumathandizira kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda a shuga kapena ngakhale kuteteza mawonekedwe ake.
Ngati chifuwa chachikulu chimakhudza mchira wa nduluyo, ndiye kuti imachiritsidwa pochotsa gawo ili. Njirayi imatchedwa "lamanzere lamanzere pancreatic resection."
Pancreatic cyst
Ngati pancreatic cyst ili pamalo abwino pomwe amatha kufikirako mosavuta, ndiye kuti chubu chimamangiriridwa kudzera momwe zomwe zili mu cyst zimatsikira pamimba.
Njira imeneyi imatchedwa drainage ndipo imachitika ndi gastroscopy popanda kutsegula m'mimba.
Drainage iyenera kuchitika kwa milungu inayi kapena khumi ndi iwiri. Nthawi ino nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira kuchiritsa kwathunthu chotupa.
Ngati mapangidwewo alibe pafupi ndi m'mimba kapena madzimadzi ochokera kumayendedwe akuluakulu a m'matumbo amalowamo, ndiye kuti zotupa ziyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse, apo ayi zotsatira zake zimakhala zowopsa.
Zikakhala zotere, cystoejunostomy imachitika, ndiye kuti, ikukhudzana ndi matumbo a gawo loyimitsidwa lamatumbo laling'ono.
Khansa yapakansa
Pankhani yoyipa ya machitidwe a chiwalo, mwayi wokhawo wodwalayo kuti achire ndi opaleshoni yam'mapapo. Komabe, khansa yam'mutu yamatumbo yomwe ili kumapeto ndiyosachiritsika.
Komabe, kuchiritsa kwathunthu kumatha kukhala pokhapokha ngati ma metastases sanawonekere ziwalo zina, ndiye kuti, kusintha kwa maselo otupa kudzera m'magazi athupi lonse lapansi sikunachitike.
Ngati khansa ili m'mutu wa chiwalo, ndiye kuti njira yomwe ili pamwambapa yosungira pancreatoduodenal nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mosiyana ndi ntchito ya Whipple yapamwamba, pankhaniyi pali kuthekera kosunga m'mimba m'chigawo chomwe chapezeka pambuyo pa pylorous.
Izi zimawongolera kwambiri moyo wa wodwalayo atachitidwa opaleshoni yapachifukwachi, chifukwa samayenera kuthana ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha m'mimba yonse (mwachitsanzo, matenda otupa), mwa kuyankhula kwina, zotsatira zake zimachepetsedwa apa.
Onaninso:
- Zotupa zikakhala m'thupi kapena mchira wa kapamba, amachotsedwa ndi zotengera kumanzere kwakumanjaku.
- Mphamvu yochotsa khansa mu chiwalo ichi mkati mwa malire a minofu yathanzi imatsimikiziridwa osati ndi kukula kwa chotupa chokha, komanso ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa neoplasm ya zida zopezeka pafupi (matumbo akulu kapena m'mimba).
- Nthawi zina, ndikofunikira kuchotsa ndulu, mwachitsanzo, maselo a chotupa akakula m'matenda ake.
- Popanda ndulu, munthu amakhalabe ndi moyo, koma matenda obwera ndi mabakiteriya amatha kuchitika pafupipafupi, popeza ndulu yomwe ili m'thupi la munthu imagwira ntchito yoteteza thupi.
- Komanso, atachotsedwa, kuchuluka kwa mapulosi othandiza kuchuluka kwa magazi, kumatha kuchuluka, motero, ndikofunikira kuchita mankhwala osokoneza bongo a thrombosis kuti mupewe zovuta zosafunikira.
Njira yobwezeretsa
Popeza zotupa zina m'dera la mutu wa chiwalozo zimakhala ndi malo apadera, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuchotsa gawo la nduluyo palokha, komanso gawo la duodenum ndi m'mimba kapena ndulu.
Nthawi yomweyo, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amapanga anastomoses (mafupa ochita kupanga). Izi zimatha kukhala malupu kuchokera m'matumbo, komanso zopindika za matumbo athu.
