Pazaka 40 zapitazi, chiwerengero cha ana onenepa komanso achinyamata padziko lapansi chawonjezeka maulendo 10 ndipo akufika anthu pafupifupi 124 miliyoni. Izi ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwa kufalitsidwa mu magazini ya zasayansi Lancet. Komanso ana opitilira 213 miliyoni ndi onenepa kwambiri. Izi ndi atsikana pafupifupi 5.6% ndi anyamata 7.8% padziko lonse lapansi.
Malinga ndi akatswiri a WHO, tsopano ili ndiye vuto lalikulu kwambiri pankhani yazachipatala zamakono. Izi ndichifukwa choti kupezeka kwa matenda oterewa muubwana kungatanthauze kuti kumakhalabe achikulire ndipo kungayambitse matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima komanso matenda a oncological. Temo Vakanivalu, katswiri wa WHO pa matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito, ali ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kwa ana aang'ono, ngakhale kuti matendawa amapezeka mwa akulu.
Dongosolo lavuto
Ana ambiri onenepa kwambiri amakhala kuzilumba za Oceania (mwana aliyense wachitatu), kutsatiridwa ndi United States, maiko ena a Caribbean ndi East Asia (wachisanu aliyense). Ku Russia, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, pafupifupi 10% ya ana ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo mwana aliyense wa 20 ndi wonenepa kwambiri.
Malinga ndi malipoti a Rospotrebnadzor omwe adafalitsa chilimwechi, ku Russia kuyambira 2011 mpaka 2015, kuchuluka kwa anthu onenepa kunawonjezeka ndi nthawi 2.3 ndikufikira milandu 284.8 pa anthu zana limodzi. Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Altai Krai ndi Penza Oblast anali atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi "mliri wamafuta owonjezera".
Ngakhale ziwopsezo zowopsa, zikuwonetsa dziko lonse lapansi mokwanira: 75% ya akazi ndi 80% ya amuna ali ndi kulemera kwabwino.
Chifukwa chake ndi chiyani
"M'mayiko otukuka, kuchuluka kwa onenepa kwa ana sikukukula, pomwe kumadera osauka kukukula," adatero pulofesa wa maphunziro ku Royal College ku London, Majid Ezzati, yemwe adatsogolera kafukufukuyu.
Malinga ndi akatswiri azakudya, kutsatsa kuli ponseponse komanso kupezeka kwa zakudya zotsika mtengo zamafuta ndizomwe zikuyambitsa izi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa malonda ogulitsa zakudya zosavuta, zakudya mwachangu, ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zopanda zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Katswiri wazakudya Suzanne Levine poyankhulana ndi American New York Times akuti: "Mapiko okazinga, mapesi amkaka, ma cookie ndi sopo wokoma sagwirizana ndi kuchuluka. zimachitika m'maiko osauka kumene malo ogulitsa zakudya akukula chaka ndi chaka. "
Kukopa sikokwanira
Asayansi omwe adachititsa kafukufukuyu akuwoneka ngati alamu: amakhulupirira kuti sikokwanira kungodziwitsa anthu za kuwopsa kwa zakudya zotere. Pofuna kukhazikitsa chikhalidwe chatsopano cha zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu komanso kusankha zakudya zoyenera, pamafunika zinthu zina zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, kuyambitsa msonkho wowonjezereka pazinthu zokhala ndi shuga, kuchepetsa kugulitsa zakudya zopanda pake kwa ana ndikuwonjezera zochitika zolimbitsa thupi za ana m'masukulu ophunzitsa.
Masiku ano, mayiko 20 okha padziko lonse lapansi ndi omwe amapereka msonkho wowonjezera pazakumwa zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri, koma izi ndi chiyambi chabe chaulendo wautali, womwe ungafunikire njira zowonjezereka komanso zowunikira.
M'pofunikanso kufufuza mozungulira nthawi kuti muzindikire matendawa ndikusintha zakudya zoyenera nthawi, ngati sichinachitike.
