Magazi ndiye madzi akuthupi athupi lathu lonse, kotero mkhalidwe wake uyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Kupatula apo, ngakhale kusintha kochepa mu kapangidwe kake kumatha kubweretsa zovuta.
Mlingo wa shuga ndi chizindikiro chofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe mthupi la munthu. Kusamala kwa glucose kumawonetsa momwe kagayidwe kazakudya kamapangidwira, ndipo chinthuchi chimapezekanso chofunikira kwambiri pakupatsa mphamvu thupi.
Shuga amalowa m'magazi pambuyo podyera chakudya. Zolemba zake zimatha kukhala zotsika, zabwinobwino komanso zazitali.
Aliyense amadziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose kwambiri, kumakhudza machitidwe ndi ziwalo kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda amtunduwu ndiwofanana kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Koma ngati shuga m'magazi ali pansi, zikutanthauza chiyani?
Kodi hypoglycemia ndi chifukwa chiyani imayamba?
Mulingo wa shuga wamagazi umalumikizidwa ndi zomwe munthu amadya pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, mukamadya zakudya zotsekemera ndi zopatsa mphamvu, zizindikilo zimachulukira kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, kapamba amayamba kupanga kwambiri insulin - timadzi tambiri timene timapanga glucose kukhala mphamvu.
Insulin ikasiya kupangidwa, zonenepa zimayenera kukhala zabwinobwino, koma izi sizichitika ndimatenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu shuga, hypoglycemia imachitika nthawi zambiri, mutatha kudya, kapamba satulutsa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timene timatulutsa.
Koma nthawi zina shuga ochepera amawonedwanso mwa munthu wathanzi. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika munthawi ya kuchuluka mwamphamvu.
Mulingo wabwinobwino wama glucose m'mawa umachokera pa 3,3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L. Ndi zopatuka zazing'ono za 5.6-6.6 mmol / l, titha kulankhula za kulolerana kwa shuga. Mkhalidwe uwu ndi malire pakati pa zoyenera ndi zopatuka, ndipo ngati shuga ali pamwamba pa 6.7 mmol / l, ndiye izi zimawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro chomveka bwino cha matenda ashuga.
Hypoglycemia imatha kukhalapo osati mu odwala matenda ashuga okha, komanso mwa anthu athanzi ndi ana. Zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wochepa ndiz:
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu.
- Kudya zakudya zopanda pake pafupipafupi (chakudya mwachangu, maswiti, ufa).
- Kumwa mankhwala ena ake.
- Mimba yoyambirira.
- Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa beta-blockers pamasewera.
- Kusamba kwa akazi.
- Zomwe thupi la mwana limatenga asidi acetylsalicylic.
Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia mwa atsikana achichepere ndi kulephera kutsatira zakudya. Kupatula apo, azimayi nthawi zambiri amakhala pazakudya zochepa zama calorie.
Zizolowezi zoyipa (kusuta, mowa) zingachepetsenso kuchuluka kwanu kwa glucose. Komanso, kufikira munthu atasiya mowa ndi ndudu, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuchepetsa shuga ngakhale mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala.
Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia zimagona pamaso pa zotupa zoyipa. Kupatula apo, zotupa mu kapamba nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa minofu, kuphatikiza ma cell a beta, omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga insulin.
Mu odwala matenda ashuga, shuga wochepetsedwa amadziwika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin kapena mankhwala ena komanso pakakhala mavuto a impso. Kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kumapangitsanso kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi za hypoglycemia mu matenda ashuga ndi njala, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mowa ndikuyambitsa wothandizanso watsopano wokhala ndi shuga.
Kuphatikiza apo, shuga wochepa m'magazi amatha kukula ngati wodwalayo athetse shuga m'magazi popanda kusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala akuluakulu.
Zizindikiro ndi matenda
Chizindikiro chaching'ono cha shuga nthawi zambiri chimawonekera m'mawa, mutangoyambitsidwa. Pankhaniyi, kuti izi zitheke, ndikokwanira kukhala ndi kadzutsa.
Koma nthawi zina mukadya kadzutsa kapena nkhomaliro pamakhala yankho la hypoglycemia. Chizindikiro ichi chimawonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.
Zowonetsa zazikuluzikulu za shuga yotsika ndizophatikiza:
- hyperhidrosis;
- nseru
- zimachitika pafupipafupi komanso tachycardia;
- kutentha kwamoto ndi kunjenjemera m'manja;
- ludzu lalikuru ndi njala;
- matenda am'mutu;
- kusokonekera;
- polyuria.
Zizindikiro zina zokhala ndi shuga ochepa ndi kuwodzera, khungu la nkhope, miyendo ndi manja, kusazindikira komanso chizungulire. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusokonezeka kowoneka (ntchentche, kuwona kawiri kapena chophimba m'maso), kulemera, kufooka kapena kutsika kwamiyendo. Komanso, ndi hyperglycemia, thukuta la kanjedza, lomwe limachitika ngakhale kuzizira.
Kuwonetsedwa kwa shuga ochepa usiku ndikulankhula pa tulo, kutulutsa kwamphamvu thukuta. Ndipo atadzuka, munthu amayamba kufooka ndipo amakwiya nthawi zonse ndi zinthu zazing'ono.
Zizindikiro zotere zimachitika chifukwa cha njala ya ubongo. Chifukwa chake, ngati shuga m'magazi ndi ocheperapo (osakwana 3.3 mmol / l) ndiye kuti ma carbohydrate ayenera kudyedwa mwachangu.
Popanda kuchitapo kanthu, mavuto angapo amatha. Pa gawo loyamba, kukhudzika, kusokonezedwa, kumveka kosamveka komanso mawu osayenera.
Pambuyo poti wataya chikumbumtima ndipo pali mwayi wokhala ndi matenda opatsirana. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amagwa. Nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imatsogolera pakupanga stroko.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ana samvera kwambiri hypoglycemia. Koma ngati atchulidwa, ndiye kuti odwala otere amakhalanso ndi zizindikiro zingapo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:
- kulakalaka kwamphamvu;
- kupweteka m'miyendo ndi m'mimba;
- kufooka
- kufuna kupuma;
- chete ndi bata;
- kuganiza msanga;
- thukuta la mutu.
Kuzindikira kwa hypoglycemia kutengera zinthu zitatu. Awa ndi mayeso a labotale, mbiri yachipatala ndi madandaulo a odwala.
Pofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu labotale, kuyesa kwa glucose kumachitika. Chofunikira chake chimakhala chakuti pamimba yopanda kanthu wodwalayo amalemba zolemba, kenako ndikumupatsa yankho lokoma. Pambuyo maola 2, msuzi wa shuga umayezedwanso.
Muthanso kudziwa za kukhalapo kwa hypo- kapena hyperglycemia kunyumba. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito glucometer.
Njira zadzidzidzi zokulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga
Ngati shuga sakhala wotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kuthetsa izi nokha. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kudya zakudya zamafuta pang'ono kapena kumwa njira ya shuga.
Pambuyo pake, ndikofunikira kuyeza pambuyo mphindi 10. Ngati panthawiyi mlingo sukulira, ndiye kuti muyenera kutenga njira yotsekemera kapena chakudya ndikuyesanso.
Pakachitika dontho lakuthwa kwambiri m'magazi a shuga, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yayikulu ziyenera kudyedwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo uchi, mandimu kapena msuzi, shuga woyengedwa, caramel ndi jamu.
Komabe, kuti muwonjezere msanga kuchuluka kwa shuga, simungathe kudya zipatso, kudya pang'ono pang'onopang'ono chakudya, makeke, chokoleti, zakudya zotsekemera ndi ayisikilimu. Ndi chakudya chotsatira, ndikofunikanso kudikira mpaka zinthu zitasintha.
Koma ngati shuga watsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi. Asanafike, mutha kum'patsa tiyi kuti amwe tiyi wokoma kwambiri, ndipo kuchipatala amakamupatsa njira yothetsera shuga (40%). Pofuna kutaya chikumbumtima, simuyenera kumwa kapena kudyetsa wodwalayo, popeza pamakhala ngozi yoti angayambitse kapena kuzunza. Ndikofunikira kudziwa chithandizo chamankhwala odwala matenda ashuga omwe akuyenera kukhala.
Ma ambulansi isanafike, ndikofunikira kuti agonekere wozunzayo mbali yake, ndikugwada mwendo wake wapamwamba pa bondo. Izi sizimalola kuti dzenjelo itsamwire lilime lake.
Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso kunyumba, wodwalayo amaphatikizidwa ndi 20 ml ya shuga, glucagon kapena adrenaline (0.5 ml).
Chithandizo cha zakudya
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimakhudzanso kusinthasintha kwamisempha ya magazi. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha hyperglycemia ayenera kufunsa endocrinologist yemwe angawapatse zakudya zapadera.
Zakudyazi zimasankhidwa potengera zinthu zingapo (kuopsa kwa mkhalidwe, zaka, kupezeka kwa matenda olimba). Komabe, pali mfundo zina zomwe aliyense amene safuna kukhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo, kuphatikizapo shuga wochepa, ayenera kutsatira.
Lamulo loyamba ndikuwonjezereka kwa chakudya chamagulu am'mimba pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zonse zophika tirigu, masamba ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
Pocheperako, madzi, maswiti, uchi ndi makeke ziyenera kudyedwa. Ndipo mowa, muffin, msuzi wolemera, semolina, pasitala wa tirigu wofewa, mafuta a nyama, zonunkhira ndi nyama zosuta ziyenera kutayika.
Ndikofunikira kudya pang'ono, kudya zakudya zazing'ono. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa ku zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber (mbatata, nandolo, chimanga). Zakudya zoterezi zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga kuchokera ku chakudya chovuta.
Gawo lokakamiza pa menyu la tsiku ndi tsiku liyenera kukhala zipatso. Koma ndibwino kukana zipatso zotsekemera kwambiri (nthochi, vwende, sitiroberi, mphesa).
Udindo wofunikira kwambiri muzakudya umaperekedwa kwa mapuloteni, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumayenera kupitilira chakudya chamafuta. Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku mitundu yazakudya ndi nsomba, monga nyama ya kalulu, nkhuku, nkhuku, ng'ombe, hake ndi manthala. Muyeneranso kudya mtedza ndi mafuta ochepa amkaka.
Nayi zakudya zapafupipafupi za tsiku ndi tsiku, kutsatira zomwe mungaletse kukula kwa hyperglycemia:
- Chakudya cham'mawa - mazira otentha owiritsa, tiyi wopanda mafuta, chidutswa cha mkate kuchokera ku ufa wonse wa tirigu.
- Zakudya zokhazokha zoyambirira ndi mkaka (kapu imodzi) kapena chipatso chosalaza.
- Chakudya chamasana - saladi ya masamba ndi msuzi pamsuzi wopanda mafuta kapena nsomba zankhuli zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba ndi tiyi.
- Chakudya chachiwiri ndi msuzi wazitsamba ndi zipatso ziwiri kapena ma walnuts (mpaka 50 g).
- Chakudya chamadzulo - nyama ya kalulu yophika kapena nkhuku ndi masamba, tiyi kapena chicory.
- Maola 2 asanagone, mutha kumwa 200 ml ya kefir (1%).
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akuwulula za GMpoglycemia mu shuga.
