Dotolo akazindikira wodwala m'magazi, anthu ena amawopa, ena amawoneka ndi "chiyembekezo", chifukwa sayansi siyimayima, ndipo imangotuluka. Mulimonsemo, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga amasangalatsidwa ndi chatsopano chamankhwala a shuga.
Mwa munthu wathanzi, kapamba amapanga kuchuluka kofunikira kwa insulin, yomwe imathandizira kuwongolera shuga. Ntchito ya chiwalo ikalephera, matenda a shuga amakula.
Polankhula za matenda amtundu wachiwiri, momwe zimakhalira zimapanga mahomoni osakwanira m'thupi, kapena kutsutsana ndi insulin, kutanthauza kuti, minofu yofewa imatha kutaya chidwi kwambiri ndi mahomoni, ndipo glucose sangatengeke.
Ndikofunikira kuganizira njira zamakono zochizira matenda ashuga. Komanso ndikupeza zomwe zili zatsopano pamankhwala a shuga 2? Komanso, pezani momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga amtundu 1 molingana ndi maluso aposachedwa?
Chithandizo chatsopano cha matenda a shuga 1
Matenda a mtundu woyamba amakula chifukwa chosowa kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba, ndipo insulini ya mahomoni siipangidwa m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga. Chithunzi cha chipatala ndichachikulu, Zizindikiro zake zimakhala pang'onopang'ono.
Pamtima pa nthendayi, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndikuwonongeka kwa maselo omwe amatulutsa timadzi m'thupi la munthu. Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zotere ndizomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Muzochita zamankhwala, zofunikira zoyambitsa matenda zimasiyananso: matenda amtundu wamavuto, kupsinjika, mantha amthupi, kusokonekera kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi.
Pochiza matenda amtundu wa shuga 1, njira zatsopano zawonekera zomwe zimadalira maselo a chiwindi osinthika ndikutha kwawo kupanga insulin mothandizidwa ndi njira zina zochizira.
Pochiza matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, njira zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa:
- Kuika mafuta kwamafuta. Kafukufuku wachipatala awonetsa kuti njirayi imawonjezera kukula kwa shuga m'thupi, kumachepetsa kufunika kwa kutalika kwa mahomoni.
- Asayansi apanga chipangizo chokhala ngati chida chapadera chowerengera chidziwitso, chomwe chimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito chosindikizira cha laser.
- Mankhwala adapangidwa mwanjira ya katemera omwe amathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi "kuphunzira" kuti asamayang'ane ndi maselo omwe amapereka ma cell m'thupi. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, zoletsa zotupa zimachitika, zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi kapamba.
- Mu 2016-2017, inhaler yatsopano idapangidwa yomwe imalowetsa glucagon mwachindunji. Amakhulupirira kuti chipangizochi ndichosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo mtengo wake siwokwera kwambiri.
Mwa zinthu zatsopano, munthu amatha kusankhidwa ndi kampani ya Sanofi-Aventis, yomwe imatchedwa Lantus Solontar. Kutengera lingaliro la madokotala, ichi ndi mankhwala otere, chifukwa chomwe mutha kulipirira mtundu woyamba wa matenda posachedwapa.
Mankhwala Lg-GAD2 ndi chida chapadera chomwe chimathandizira kuyimitsa chitetezo cha mthupi pama cell a pancreatic, chifukwa chomwe ndikotheka kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa maselo ogwira ntchito.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga: chithandizo ndi maluso aposachedwa
Polankhula za matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, titha kunena kuti matendawa ndi zotsatira za kusayenda bwino kwa zolandilira zomwe zimamanga insulin komanso glucose. Pathology imakhazikitsidwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana: kupsinjika, mowa, kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, cholowa cholowa.
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja zimathandizira kuti matendawo apitirire: kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi (kumwa mafuta ochulukirapo), moyo wosachita, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kutupa mthupi.
Pazotsatira zamankhwala zachikhalidwe zimaphatikizidwa zakudya zina zaumoyo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa komanso wowuma. Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kulipirira shuga, kuchita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi kwa wodwalayo kumafunikira kuti athandizire kusintha kwa maselo a insulin.
Njira zotsatirazi zawonekera pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2:
- Chida cha Magnitoturbotron chimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi magazi m'thupi lathu, komanso kuchepetsa magazi. Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti pogwiritsa ntchito zida, shuga imakhazikika pamlingo woyenera.
- Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi mankhwala a laser ndi cryosauna. Njirazi zimathandizira kukulitsa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku mahomoni.
Ngakhale kuti pali china chatsopano chomwe chawoneka mothandizidwa ndi matenda a shuga a 2, njira yovomerezeka yothandizira ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi kuti pakhuta thupi ndi mpweya, kuchepetsa katundu pa kapamba.
Mankhwalawa otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2:
- Zochokera ku sulfonylureas.
- Biguanides.
- Glitazones.
- Ma giliki.
Gulu la asayansi aku America lapanga njira yatsopano yomwe imathandizira kuti pakhale mafuta osafunikira amkati mwa minofu ndi minofu, chifukwa maselo satha kutaya mphamvu ya mahomoni.
Kupambana kwa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga kumachitika chifukwa chakuti kunali kotheka kusiyira insulin yakuchokera kwa nyama, ndipo kusintha kwa ma genetic engineering kudapangidwa.
Mankhwala Atsopano Atsopano
Kupsinjika kwakukulu, nkhawa ndizomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda amtundu wachiwiri. Munthu akakhala ndi mantha, thupi limayamba kupanga kwambiri adrenaline ndi norepinephrine.
Ma hormone awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera mu okosijeni, zochuluka kwambiri zofunika, ndipo zolimbitsa thupi zimatha kupereka izi. Komabe, dziko lamakono silimakupatsani mwayi kuti mupereke ola limodzi patsiku kuti muwonongeke pamasewera.
Mwa ichi, asayansi apanga chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimapereka mphamvu zamagetsi, chifukwa chomwe ntchito ya ziwalo zonse zamkati ndi machitidwe zimakhudzidwira.
Komabe, magnetotherapy ili ndi zotsutsana:
- Mitundu ya tumor.
- Kuchulukitsa kutentha kwa thupi.
- Chifuwa chachikulu
- Matenda ogwirizana.
- Kutopa kwa thupi.
- Nthawi yapakati.
Glitazones ndi mankhwala enieni omwe amachititsa kuti tiziwalo timene timayandikira timadzi timene timakhala ndi mahomoni. Imwani mapiritsi pakudya ndi madzi pang'ono.
Ngakhale mankhwalawa amagwira bwino ntchito, sizotheka kuchiritsa matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza apo, amakumana ndizovuta zina: kutupa, kuwonjezeka kwa mafupa, kuwonda.
Contraindication ndi pathologies a chiwindi ndi impso, nthawi ya kukomoka ndi kuyamwitsa.
Autohemotherapy
Autohemotherapy ndi njira yatsopano yochizira matenda ashuga, omwe adayambitsidwa mu 2017. Malinga ndi asayansi, mankhwalawa athandiza kuthana ndi matendawa mwa ana ndi odwala akuluakulu.
Tanthauzo la njirayi ndi motere: 5 ml ya magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kwa mwana kapena wamkulu, atasakanizidwa ndi 55 ml ya yankho linalake, ndiye kuti kusakaniza konseko kumakhazikika mpaka madigiri 5.
Kutentha kwabwinobwino kwa thupi la munthu ndi madigiri 37, ndipo utakhazikika mpaka madigiri 5, kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kumawonedwa, komwe kumatsimikizira kukonza kwa kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kusiyana kwa chibadwa.
Zomwe machitidwe:
- Kusakaniza kumayambitsidwa m'thupi la wodwalayo, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera pang'onopang'ono njira zosokonekera.
- Kutalika kwa mankhwala ndi masiku 60.
Katemera uyu amakhulupirira kuti ndi wamkulu kuposa mankhwala onse. Popeza kunanenedwa kuti katemera amathandiza kuchiritsa matenda ashuga, omwe amawonedwa wodwala kwazaka zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuyimitsa zovuta za matenda ashuga - kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, kulephera kwa impso, ndi ena.
Kupatula zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo onse a dokotala. Pamodzi ndi mankhwala, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zochizira matenda ashuga komanso chakudya chamagulu.
Zachidziwikire, sizinganenedwe kuti awa ndi 100% ochiritsa matenda osokoneza bongo pakadali pano, popeza mayeso akadali kuchitika.
Komabe, njirayi ili ndi ufulu wokhala ndi moyo, ndipo zotsatira zoyambirira ndizabwino.
Matendawa Matendawa
Njira yatsopano yothandizira matenda "okoma" ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zam'magazi. Mankhwalawa amachokera pakuchotsa maselo a pancreatic owonongeka ndi maselo ena amodzi.
Zomwe zimachitika kuti izi zitheke ndikuti maselo amasinthidwa, kapamba amawabwezeretsa, amayamba kugwira ntchito mokwanira, insulini imapangidwa moyenera.
Pakuwona izi, kulimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu ndikuwululidwa, mitsempha yatsopano yamagazi ndi mitsempha imawonekera, mitsempha yakale yowonongeka imabwezeretsedwa, imakhala yolimba komanso yopambana.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi popewa matenda ashuga, munthu amatha kukwanitsa shuga wina mthupi la munthu, ndikuwakhazikika pamlingo wofunikira.
Zambiri za tsinde cell mankhwala a shuga:
- Pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala, m'mphepete mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatengedwa.
- Kenako, maselo amadzimadzi amatalikirana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito catheter, maselo amabweretsedwa mwa wodwala.
Mphamvu ya njirayi imatha kumveka pakatha miyezi yochepa. Kafukufuku wasayansi akuwonetsa kuti pambuyo pokhazikitsa maselo, kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni m'thupi limasintha, ndipo mfundo za shuga zimachepa.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchiritsa kwa zilonda zam'mimba ndi vuto la pakhungu kumawonedwa, kufalikira kwa magazi kumayenda bwino, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira amwazi kumawonjezeka.
Pomaliza, titha kunena kuti chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 1 popanda insulin ndizotheka ndipo njira zatsopano za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga zatulukira. Komabe, mwatsoka, si chitsimikizo cha 100% cha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, limodzi nawo, simuyenera kusiya kusiya njira zachikhalidwe.
Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, adotolo apitiliza mutu wa chithandizo chatsopano cha matenda ashuga.
