Maselo amadya kwambiri shuga. Pambuyo pamachitidwe ena amakanidwe, mpweya umasinthidwa kukhala ma calories. Thupi limakhala m'chiwindi, monga glycogen, limachoka m'thupi limatha kudya michere.
Kukula kwa shuga mutatha kudya pambuyo pa maola awiri komanso musanadye chakudya ndikosiyana. Zimatanthauzanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, zaka komanso kupezeka kwa kupsinjika.
Pofuna kupewa kupangidwa kwa zovuta zingapo, ndikofunikira kudziwitsidwa za shuga yomwe imayenera kukhala nthawi imodzi kapena ina. Ngati malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala samatsatiridwa ndipo malingaliro a dokotala sanyalanyazidwa, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kumatha kukulitsidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa ma pathologies a machitidwe osiyanasiyana a thupi.
Zoyambitsa Kukula kwa shuga
Hyperglycemia yadzidzidzi imatha kuchitika mutatha kudya chifukwa chazifukwa zosiyanasiyana.
Matenda a shuga amapangidwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa wachibale kapena kuchepera kwa insulin, komanso kuchepa kwa kukana kwa maselo a minyewa kupangira mapuloteni a ma protein.
Ngati shuga m'magazi amakwera kwambiri mutatha kudya, ndiye kuti pali chizindikiro china:
- kukodza pafupipafupi
- ludzu lochititsa chidwi
- kutaya mphamvu
- kusanza ndi mseru
- kuchepa kwa zowoneka bwino,
- kukwera kwakukulu
- mantha
- kufooka.
Hyperglycemia atatha kudya amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha pheochromocyte - chotupa chomwe chimachitika pakhungu la adrenal. Neoplasm imawoneka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la endocrine.
Acromegaly ndikuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a anterior pituitary gland. Chifukwa cha matenda amtunduwu, kuwonjezeka kwa nkhope, manja, chigaza, miyendo, komanso kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Glucoganoma ndi chotupa choyipa cha kapamba, amadziwika ndi kukula kwa khungu la khungu, matenda ashuga komanso kuchepa kwambiri. Chotupa chimakhala kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kuwonetsa. Nthawi zambiri, chotupa chimapezeka kale ndi ma metastases. Pathology imakonda kupezeka mwa anthu patatha zaka 55.
Thyrotooticosis imakwiyitsa kukwiya kwa mahomoni. Zotsatira zake, pali kuphwanya kosalekeza kwa njira za metabolic. Zizindikiro zofunikira za matenda am'mimba ndizoperewera komanso kupendekera kwamaso.
Hyperglycemia imapezekanso ndi:
- mavuto
- matenda owopsa komanso osachiritsika: kapamba, matenda ammimba komanso chiwindi,
- kususuka, kudya kwambiri.
Pali zinthu zingapo za hyperglycemia, kutiakhazikitse kuzindikira koyenera, maphunziro a labotale, kukambirana ndi a oncologist, dokotala wa opaleshoni, ndi neuropathologist kuyenera kuchitika.
Ngati, mutatha maola awiri mutatha kudya, zida zoyesera zikuwonetsa kuti muli ndi mfundo zapamwamba, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Kafukufuku wa Laborator
Mlingo wa shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya umatsimikiziridwa kuchipatala chilichonse. Maluso onse agwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira zaka 70s za zana la 20.
Ndiwothandiza, odalirika komanso osavuta kuchita. Kafukufuku amachokera pazomwe zimachitika ndi shuga, zomwe zimakhala m'magazi.
Imodzi mwa njira zitatu zothandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- orthotoluidine,
- shuga oxidase
- Ferricyanide (Hagedorn-Jensen).
Zotsatirazi zikufotokozedwa m'mililita ya magazi pa lita imodzi ya magazi kapena mg mg pa 100 ml. Mlingo wa shuga wamagazi mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira ya Hagedorn-Jensen ndiwokwera pang'ono kuposa ena.
Kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse chachipatala, ndibwino kuti muziphunzira pasanafike 11 koloko m'mawa. Kusanthula kungatengedwe kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala. Sizoletsedwa kudya chilichonse kwa maola 12 musanatengere magazi, koma amaloledwa kumwa madzi pang'ono.
Madzi amaloledwa. 24 musanayambe phunziroli, simungadye kwambiri komanso kumwa mowa ndi chakudya chochuluka. Ngati malamulowo aphwanyidwa, zotsatira zake sizingasonyeze chithunzi chenicheni. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa venous nthawi zambiri kumapereka zotsatira zabwino.
Pali kusiyanasiyana mu kalozera mukatenga chala kuchokera mu mtsempha ndi magazi. Mukamachititsa maphunziro a akuluakulu, WHO imatsimikizira malire opezeka muzochitika zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda ashuga:
- plasma - 6.1 mmol / l,
- misempha ndi zala - 5.6 mmol / l.
Ngati tiwerenge chizindikiro cha munthu wa mtundu uliwonse atakwanitsa zaka 60, ndiye kuti chiwonetserochi chikuwonjezeka ndi 0.056. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse azigwiritsa ntchito shuga wamagazi kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwawo kwa shuga pambuyo maola 2 komanso nthawi iliyonse.
Palibe kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pa mitengo yabwinoko. Maphunziro onse amachitika kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu. Chizindikirocho chimakhala chosiyana ndi zaka komanso zimakhala ndi malire.
Mwa anthu ochepera zaka 14, msambo nthawi zambiri umakhala m'magulu: 2.8 - 5.6 mmol / L. Kwa anthu onse ogonana mpaka zaka 60, chizolowezi ndi 4.1 - 5.9 mmol / l. Pambuyo pa m'badwo uno, chizolowezi chimawonetsedwa mu 4.6 - 6.4 mmol / L.
Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana kutengera zaka za mwana. Chifukwa chake, mwa mwana mpaka wazaka 1, chizolowezi chimachokera ku 2.8 mpaka 4.4, ndipo kuyambira mwezi umodzi kupita wazaka 14, chizindikirochi chimachokera ku 3,3 mpaka 5.6 mmol / L.
Kwa azimayi oyembekezera, kuchuluka kwa glucose kochokera 3,3 mpaka 6,6 mmol / L. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa amayi apakati kumatha kuwonetsa matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake kutsatira ndikofunikira.
Ndikofunikanso kuphunzira momwe thupi limagwirira kuyamwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, muyenera kudziwa kusintha kwa shuga masana komanso nthawi yambiri mukatha kudya.
Usiku, chizindikiro cha shuga chidzaposa 3.9 mmol / L, ndipo chakudya cham'mawa chisanakhale 3.9 - 5.8 mmol / L. Tsiku lisanadye 3.9 - 6.1 mmol / L. Mukatha kudya, zomwe zimachitika mu ola limodzi ziyenera kukwera mpaka 8.9 mmol / l. Maola awiri mutatha kudya, msuzi wabwinobwino ndi 6.7 mmol / L.
M'zaka za zana la 20, kuyesa kwakukulu kunachitika komwe miyezo ya shuga ya magazi idakhazikitsidwa momveka bwino kwa anthu athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga. Dziwani kuti zizowonetsa nthawi zonse zimakhala zosiyana.
Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kumathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuwongolera kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta.
Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zomwe zimatithandizira kuti munthu azidwala. Nthawi zina, shuga amatha kubwezeretsedwanso chifukwa cha zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Mankhwala aliwonse ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito atasankhidwa ndi dokotala.
Shuga wamunthu wathanzi atatha kudya pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi pafupifupi 3.9-5 mmol / L. Mukatha kudya, ndende iyenera kuyambira 5 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L.
Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga akuwalingaliridwa, ndiye kuti mitengo ya shuga imakwera kwambiri. Pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kosiyanasiyana kwa 5 - 7.2 mmol / L. Pambuyo maola angapo mutatha kudya, chizindikiro chimaposa 10 mmol / L.
Ngati musanachite phunziroli, chakudya cham'magazi chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yochepa mpaka 6 mmol / l, ngakhale mwa munthu wathanzi.
Matenda a mtundu wa zizindikiro
Mchere wochepetsetsa kwambiri mwa anthu uli m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati chakudya chomaliza chinali madzulo, ndiye chifukwa choti michere simalowa mthupi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsika.
Pambuyo pa nkhomaliro, michere imalowa m'magazi kuchokera m'magawo am'mimba ndipo kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakulira. Mwa anthu omwe alibe ma pathologies apadera, amakula pang'ono, ndipo amabwerera mwachangu kumalire ena. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mutadya chakudya kumakhala kodziwika.
Mukatha kudya, shuga amayamba kukhala abwinobwino ngati malamulo ena atsatiridwa. Choyamba, muyenera kusiya mowa ndi kusuta. Mowa ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhala kuti chikugulitsa shuga wambiri.
Pazachipatala zovuta, ndalama zochokera pa burdock nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala oterowo munthawi yochepa amabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamakhalidwe abwino.
Shuga imakhala yokhazikika ngati mumayang'anira index ya glycemic muzakudya zomwe mumadya. Chifukwa chake, mutha kukwaniritsa kuwonjezeka kwa glucose, popanda madontho osafunikira.
Zogulitsa zam'madzi ziyenera kukhala zochepa komanso mkate wopanda tirigu uyenera kuwonjezera pazakudyazo. Ndikofunikira kukana kulandira zinthu kuchokera ku ufa woyera momwe mungathere. CHIKWANGWANI kuchokera ku chakudya chathunthu chimakumbidwa pang'onopang'ono, chomwe chimalepheretsa shuga m'magazi kuti asakule osafunikira.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri, momwe mumakhala fiber yambiri. Zogulitsa zotere zimapatsa thupi kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi mavitamini. Pofuna kupewa kudya kwambiri, muyenera kupereka zokonda zamapuloteni zomwe zimakwaniritsa mwachangu njala yanu ndikupereka malingaliro osangalatsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Idyani nthawi zambiri komanso pang'ono. Ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino atatha kudya, ayenera kudziwa kuti kudya kwambiri mafuta kumawonjezera vuto la matenda ashuga. Payenera kukhala zakudya za acidic muzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musadere nkhawa kuti shuga imatha kuchuluka kwambiri mutatha kudya.
Kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudya timadziti tofinyidwa mwatsopano ndi asidi enaake. Ndibwino ngati ali madzi ochokera ku beets ndi mbatata ofiira. Ngati mumamwa theka la magalasi oterewa m'mawa uliwonse pamimba yopanda kanthu, mutha kuchepetsa shuga. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a makangaza pa shuga.
Zimathandizanso kupanga decoctions a hawthorn. Mankhwalawa amabwezera glucose kukhala abwinobwino, komanso amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima. Zithunzizi zimapanganso kukakamiza.
Madokotala ena amalangiza kumwa zakumwa zochiritsa zachilengedwe ndi tsamba la bay. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge kapu ya kotala musanadye. Kumwa pafupipafupi, munthu amalimbikitsa kamvekedwe ka thupi ndikuchepetsa mwayi wa matenda ashuga.
Mu shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zina ndizoletsedwa. Mndandandawu umaphatikizapo, choyambirira, mafuta azinyama. Anthu athanzi ayeneranso kupewa zakudya zotere. Ndikamadya, shuga amatha kupitilizidwa ngakhale pambuyo pa maola 8:
- shuga ndi zinthu zonse zokhala ndi shuga,
- mpunga woyera
- masoseji aliwonse
- nkhuyu, madeti, nthochi, maapulosi owuma.
Ngati anthu adya zakudya zomwe zafotokozedweratu popanda choletsa, odwala matenda ashuga amatha.
Matenda a shuga amatha kupezeka mwa munthu kwa zaka zingapo, atapezeka ndi bwino kuyamba mankhwala. Izi matenda amadziwika kupenda kulikonse komwe kumayambitsa kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Mlingo wa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kudya ndiwosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, shuga osala kudya ndi prediabetes ali pamlingo wa 5.5-7 mmol / l. Pambuyo maola awiri, shuga amatha kuyambira 7 mpaka 11 mmol / L.
Matenda a shuga si matenda opatsirana kwathunthu, koma ndi matenda oopsa omwe amalankhula za matenda a metabolic. Ngati simutenga nthawi, mwachitsanzo, musasinthe kudya, ndiye kuti pali zovuta zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga, zomwe zimapereka vuto ku maso, impso, kapena ziwalo zina. Pazomwe shuga ayenera kukhala, payekhapayekha, adotolo akuti.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimaperekedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
