Imfa yamatenda a kapamba, pamene magwiridwe antchito amachepa, zimachitika pafupipafupi chaka chilichonse. Chiwerengero chimati pancreatitis yovuta kwambiri, kufa kumachitika mwa 40%.
Kulephera kwa pancreatic kumatha kuchitika mwa odwala azikhalidwe zilizonse komanso zaka. Odwala ambiri amafa sabata yoyamba kupezeka ndi matendawa pakapita nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri imfa imachitika ndi hemorrhagic kapena mtundu wosakanikirana wa kapamba.
Popewa kukula kwamavuto owopsa, aliyense ayenera kudziwa zomwe zimayendera limodzi ndi matenda am'mimba. Kupatula apo, kudziwika kwa kuphwanya koyambirira kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha matenda a zamatenda kumapewetsa zovuta komanso kupulumutsa miyoyo.
Zomwe zimagwira ntchito kapamba
Chiwalo chaching'onoachi chimagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika mthupi: kupukusa chakudya, kunjenjemera komanso kusokoneza bongo. Gland ili m'dera la retroperitoneal, chikwama cha omentum chimalekanitsa ndi m'mimba.
Pafupi ndi kapamba pali dzenje, lamanzere lamanzere ndi msempha. Chiwalocho chimagawidwa m'madipatimenti angapo: mchira, thupi ndi mutu.
Madzi a pancreatic amalowa m'matumbo kudzera mu dambo la Wirsung. Koma musanalowe m'mimba, imalowa mu duct ya bile.
Gland ya Parenchymal imakhala ndi magawo awiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana:
- Zilumba za Langerhans. Pakadali pano, insulin ndi glucagon zimabisidwa.
- Gawo lodana. Amatulutsa madzi a pancreatic.
Kodi kapamba amakana chiyani? Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a m'mimba m'mimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoperewera.
Ntchito ya nduluyo ngati sing'ambike, ndiye kuti singakhudze minyewa yake. Ndi kukula kwa kutupa, njira yodzigaya-yokha imayamba, chifukwa chomwe ma enzyme a ziwalo amawonongeka.
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kukanika kwa gland ndi kumwa mowa kwambiri komanso kudya mopatsa thanzi. Zinthu ngati izi zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwamatenda mu 70% ya milandu.
Zomwe zimayambitsa pancreatitis yovuta komanso yopweteka:
- kutengera kwa chibadwa;
- kuvulala kwa chiwalo;
- kumwa mankhwala ena;
- matenda (mycoplasmosis, hepatitis virus);
- matenda a ndulu;
- zovuta za endocrine.
Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zomwe zili pamwambazi, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko cha ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Ngati kapamba amalephera ndi kapamba wa neancosis, ndiye kuti zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lingakhale cholelithiasis, cholecystitis.
Khansa ya chiwalo cha parenchymal imayamba chifukwa cha kusuta, kudya kwambiri, kukhalapo kwa matenda osachiritsika (shuga, kapamba). Odwala okulirapo kuposa zaka 60, makamaka amuna, ali pachiwopsezo cha oncology.
Zomwe zimayambitsa mapangidwe a cyst, kuphatikiza pazomwe tatchulazi, ndi: kuwukira kwa helminthic komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'magazi. Komanso zonyansa zimatha kukana kugwira ntchito ndi matenda ashuga.
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia chimapezeka mu chibadwa chathupi. Zina zomwe zikudziwikiratu ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kupsinjika, ndi ukalamba.
Chithunzi cha matenda a pancreatitis pachimake komanso aakulu
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kutukusira kwakapha kwa m'mimba ndi kupweteka. Poyamba, amapezeka m'dera la epigastric komanso mu hypochondria. Kenako kusamvana kumamveka kumbuyo ndi m'mimba.
Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za kapamba kachilengedwe zimaphatikizira kusanza pafupipafupi, komwe kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa madzi, kumanga, kusefukira kwam'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi, pakamwa kowuma. Matenda a wodwalayo akayamba kuvuta, kutentha kumawonekera (mpaka madigiri 40), hypotension imayamba ndipo kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka.
Nthawi zambiri matendawa amayenda limodzi ndi kutsindikiza kwa chizindikiritso. Ndipo nkhope ikatembenuka, ndiye kuti ndikuwonetsa mtundu wa matenda, momwe poizoni wowopsa umachitika ndi vuto la kufalikira kwa magazi.
Gawo lachitatu la odwala omwe ali ndi pancreatitis pachimake amakhala ndi chizindikiro monga jaundice. Nthawi zina mawanga amawoneka pamabowo, kumaso ndi m'mimba, ofanana ndi petechiae kapena kukha magazi. Zotupa zazikulu zakumaso zimatha kuchitika kumbuyo, m'mimba, ndi pachifuwa.
The aakulu mawonekedwe a pancreatic kutupa amadziwika ndi m`malo wathanzi lamoyo maselo ndi zolumikizana minofu. Njira ya matendawa amagawika magawo awiri - pachimake komanso kukhululuka. Chifukwa chake, kutengera gawo la matendawa, kuchuluka kwa zizindikirazo zimasiyanasiyana.
Wodwalayo amatha kuvutika ndi kupweteka kosalekeza kapena kwakanthawi. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka dzenje la m'mimba kapena mu hypochondrium mphindi 30 mutatha kudya.
Nthawi zambiri ululu umamveka mpaka phewa, kumbuyo, miyendo ndi chifuwa. Ngati ndulu zonse zakupuka, ndiye kuti vuto lakelo limakhala ndi chikhalidwe chomanga. Komanso, kusapeza bwino nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi mseru komanso kusanza.
Ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa chifuwa chachikulu, wodwalayo ali ndi zofanana ndi matenda a dyspeptic monga momwe akuvutikira mawonekedwe. Komanso, wodwalayo amamva kufooka ndipo amatopa msanga.
Mu anthu omwe akudwala matenda a kutupa kwa gland kwa zaka zopitilira 10, kulephera kwamankhwala kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa katulutsidwe ka madzi amadzimadzi kumathandizira kukulitsa zizindikiro zingapo:
- kukhumudwa kugona mpaka katatu patsiku;
- chisangalalo;
- ndowe ndi zonyezimira, imvi, imakhala yofanana ndi phala komanso fungo losasangalatsa.
Odwala ambiri, kusiyanitsa komwe kumayambira matenda, kuchepa kwa zinthu zopindulitsa m'thupi kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, ndi kutupa kosatha kwa kapamba, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la mafupa, anorexia, dysbiosis ndi kuchepa magazi.
Kuchulukitsa kwa matendawa nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kukula kwa vuto la pre-hypoglycemic komanso kutsekeka pambuyo pake. Zochitika zoterezi zimatha kuzindikira zizindikiritso zingapo: kufooka kwambiri, kunjenjemera mthupi lonse, thukuta lozizira, kukomoka.
Kutsika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa kapamba kumawonjezera mwayi wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto lowopsa monga matenda a shuga. Koma izi zimachitika osati kokha mu kutupa kwakukula kapena kutupira kwakanthawi.
Komanso zotupa, ma cysts, ndi njira zina zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika mu chiwalo cha parenchymal zimasokoneza thupi.
Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zizindikiro zimayendera ndi matenda ena owopsa a kapamba.
Zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa kulephera kwa gland mu khansa, cysts, shuga, miyala, ndi pancreatic necrosis
Ndi ma cysts omwe amapezeka pancreas, kapisozi kamapangidwa mu gawo lomwe madzi amadzaza. Maphunziro amatha kuwoneka m'mbali iliyonse ya gland. Zizindikiro zake zimakonda kupezeka chotupa chikakhala chachikulu ndikugonjera ziwalo zapafupi.
Ndi chotupa, wodwala amatha kupweteka m'mimba yapamwamba. Sizachilendo kuti munthu achepetse thupi kwambiri komanso kuvutika kudzimbidwa.
Kupanga kwakukulu kumakhala palpated nthawi ya palpation. Chotupacho chimakakamiza ziwalo zapafupi, zomwe zimasokoneza kutuluka kwa ndulu. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amatha kusintha mtundu wa ndowe ndi mkodzo.
Pamaso pa cyst mu kapamba, munthu amakhala wopanda mphamvu. Ngati matenda alowa, ndiye kuti zizindikiro monga kupweteka kwa minofu, kutentha thupi, migraines ndi kuzizira kumawonekera.
Zizindikiro zakulephera kwapancreatic ndi mapangidwe amiyala mu chiwalo:
- kupweteka kwa paroxysmal komwe kumachitika pamimba kumtunda ndikufikira kumbuyo;
- mukasuntha miyala mu duct ya bile, mawonetseredwe a jaundice ovuta kuwonekera;
- kugaya chakudya nthawi zina kumakhalapo.
Mu pancreatic necrosis, minofu ya ziwalo ikamwalira, zotulutsa zowopsa mwadzidzidzi zimachitika mu epigastrium kapena kumbuyo kwa sternum, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayang'ana kukhola, kutsikira kumbuyo kapena kumbuyo. Mavutowa amatha kwambiri mpaka munthu amayamba kuzindikira.
Zizindikiro zina za pancreatic necrosis zimaphatikizapo pakamwa pouma, tachycardia, kupuma movutikira, kudzimbidwa, kusanza ndi mseru, kusefukira. Wodwalayo amadwala matenda otopa okhazikika. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda ndi mawonekedwe a peritoneum ya mawanga a cyanosis ndi khungu la nkhope.
Khansa ya pancreatic ndimachitika kawirikawiri, koma ndiowopsa, kotero kudalirika kwa kuchira nthawi zambiri sikuli bwino. Chotupacho chimakula msanga, chimakhudza mitsempha yapamwamba, mitsempha, ndi ziwiya za ziwalo zapafupi.
Popeza khansa imakhudza kuchuluka kwa mitsempha, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kwambiri. Pamaso pa chotupa, kuwonda msanga, ludzu losatha ndi kusanza kumadziwika, chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwa mapangidwe pamimba.
Komanso, odwala amadandaula pakamwa pouma, kumva kupsinjika mu hypochondrium yoyenera ndi chopondapo chopunthika (chopondapo chamadzi chokhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa). Odwala ena, nembanemba ndi khungu limasanduka chikaso, chifukwa cha kusachita bwino mu kutuluka kwa ndulu.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucagon kupangidwa mu chotupa cha pancreatic, wodwalayo amasokonezedwa ndi dermatitis, ndipo kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonjezeka m'magazi ake. Khansa yamchiberekero cha parenchymal ndiyowopsa chifukwa imapatsa metastases oyambirira m'mapapo, chiwindi, ma lymph node ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawa munthawi yake ndikuwathandiza moyenera omwe amapulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo.
Kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiritso zingapo:
- kukodza pafupipafupi
- kuwonda mwadzidzidzi popanda kusintha zakudya;
- njala yosatha;
- dzanzi la miyendo;
- kupweteka kwam'mimba
- kuchepa kwa masomphenya;
- kusanza ndi kusanza
- kuyanika ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu;
- ludzu
- kuchiritsa pang'onopang'ono kwa mabala.
Chithandizo ndi kupewa
Chithandizo cha pachimake kapamba ndi kapamba chimachitika kuchipatala. Kuchipatala, okodzetsa amaperekedwa kwa wodwala, kuthetsa cramping ndikuchotsa poizoni. Ngati ndi kotheka, analgesics, kusanza, antimicrobial ndi immunostimulating othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
M'masiku oyambirira a chithandizo, odwala ayenera kukana chakudya. Ndipo m'milungu ndi miyezi yotsatira, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira zakudya zapadera.
Ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kapena kusayenera kwa mankhwala azikhalidwe, opaleshoni imachitidwa, ndikudziunjikira kwa mafinya mu peritoneum - peritoneal lavage. Nicrotic minofu ya chiwalo imachotsedwa, ndi cyst, resection imachitika, ndi khansa, chemotherapy kapena radiation mankhwala.
Matenda a kapamba nthawi yochulukirapo amathandizidwa ndi chakudya. Kotero kuti kapamba samalephera, maswiti, zokometsera, zakudya zamafuta ndi amchere siziyikidwa pazakudya. Mowa uyenera kutayidwa paliponse.
Monga njira yothanirana, ndikofunikira kusintha tiyi wamphamvu komanso khofi ndi mankhwala azitsamba a lingonberry, nettle, rose kapena dandelion. Ngati zingapo mwazodziwikazo zikuwoneka nthawi imodzi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wa gastroenterologist kapena endocrinologist.
Zambiri pazizindikiro za matenda a kapamba zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
