Malinga ndi WHO, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri pakati pa anthu ndi matenda amtima. Ndipo chinthu chotsogolera kuimfa ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi.
Komanso, Hypercholesterolemia imapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna. Paubwana, mowa wamafuta ochulukirapo, wopezeka kuchokera kuzinthu zosafunikira kwenikweni, suwononga kwambiri thanzi, popeza thupi lolimba limatha kuyendetsa pawokha gawo la LDL ndi HDL.
Koma pakukalamba, thupi likafika potopa, ntchito ya mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi imasokonekera. Komanso, vutoli likukulirakulira chifukwa cha moyo wopanda ntchito, zizolowezi zoyipa ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.
Chifukwa chake, amuna, makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ayenera kuwunika zakudya zawo mosamala. Ndipo ndi cholesterol yambiri, muyenera kutsatira zakudya nthawi zonse, chifukwa mumatha kukwaniritsa kuchepa kwa LDL ndi 10-15%.
Norm ya cholesterol ndi zifukwa zake kuchuluka
Thupi limafunikira cholesterol kuti ichite njira zambiri. Ndi chithandizo chake, njira yozungulira yozungulira imasinthidwa, mphamvu ya mahomoni imakhala yofanana.
Amuna amafunikira chinthu ichi kuti apange testosterone. Koma ngati cholesterol chizindikiro chikukwera kwambiri, magaziwo adzayamba kuwonongeka, ndipo mafupa a atherosselotic amapezeka m'mitsempha. Zonsezi zimakhudza dongosolo la mtima.
Mwa amuna, chifukwa chachikulu chowonjezera cholesterol ndikugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zakudya zamafuta zomwe zimachokera ku nyama. Zizolowezi zoipa monga kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa zimathandizira kuti zinthu zambiri zoipa zizichitika mthupi.
Zina zomwe zingakulitse cholesterol yoyipa yamagazi:
- moyo wosachita;
- aakulu hyperglycemia;
- hypothyroidism;
- kunenepa
- kusayenda kwa bile mu chiwindi;
- matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus;
- matenda oopsa
- kubisalira mopambanitsa kapena kusakwanira kwa mahomoni ena.
Mlingo wa cholesterol m'magazi mwa amuna umatengera zaka. Chifukwa chake, mpaka zaka 20, 2.93-5.1 mmol / L amadziwika ngati zisonyezo zovomerezeka, mpaka zaka 40 - 3.16-6.99 mmol / L.
Ali ndi zaka makumi asanu, mowa wovomerezeka wamafuta amachokera ku 4.09-7.17 mmol / L, ndipo mwa anthu okulirapo kuposa 60 - 3.91-7.17 mmol / L.
Zolemba za cholesterol chakudya
Kudya ndi cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi kumatanthauza kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa a nyama. Zakudya za hypocholesterol zimaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ma cholesterol awo amapitilira 200 mg / dl.
Zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kutsatiridwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati mankhwala atatha kudya kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi sikuchepa, ndiye kuti mankhwala adapangidwira.
Zakudya za cholesterol yayikulu mwa amuna zimatengera kudya kwatsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumakhala zakudya zambiri zamafuta, mavitamini, mapuloteni komanso zinthu za lipotropic. Maziko a mindayo ndi chimanga, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Nyama singadye mopitilira katatu pa sabata. Ndipo kuphika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya zakudya zomwe zimafunikira kuwotcha, kuwiritsa kapena kuphika.
Komanso ndibwino kuti amuna azidya nsomba zophika. Mwa zakumwa, amakonda kupatsidwa tiyi wobiriwira ndi msuzi wachilengedwe.
Mfundo zina zofunika zokhudzana ndi zakudya za hypercholesterolemia:
- Kudya kumachitika m'magawo ochepa maola awiri aliwonse.
- Mpaka 300 mg ya cholesterol imaloledwa patsiku.
- Kuchuluka kwa mafuta patsiku ndi 30%, pomwe ndi 10% yokha yomwe imachokera ku nyama.
- Zakudya za calorie zimasankhidwa payekha, kutengera zaka komanso kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
- M'pofunika kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere mpaka 5-10 g patsiku.
Zoletsedwa ndi Zololedwa
Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, ndikofunikira kusiya zinthu zingapo, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse komwe kumabweretsa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, adotolo akhoza kuletsa amuna kudya nyama yamafuta ndi nkhuku (mwanawankhosa, nkhumba, tsekwe, bakha). Makamaka cholesterol yambiri imapezeka m'mafuta a nyama, zikopa ndi zapa, monga ubongo, impso, ndi chiwindi.
Ndi hypercholesterolemia, mkaka wathunthu ndi zinthu kuchokera pamenepo, kuphatikiza kirimu ndi batala, ndizotsutsana. Mazira a mazira, mayonesi, margarine, masoseji amatha kukulitsa LDL.
Ngakhale kuti nsomba ndi zothandiza, madokotala amaletsa kudya nsomba zamafuta. Chifukwa chake, mackerel, carp, sardines, bream, shrimp, eel, ndipo makamaka nsomba roe, amatsutsana chifukwa cha hypercholesterolemia.
Amuna omwe amatsata chakudya amayenera kusiya kudya mwachangu, nyama zosuta, zipatso ndi zipatso zambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito khofi ndi zakumwa zotsekemera za kaboni sikulimbikitsidwa.
Zakudya zotsatirazi za cholesterol yambiri zimatha kudyedwa kosatha:
- mbewu zonse za chimanga (oatmeal, buckwheat, mpunga wa bulauni, oats, chinangwa, nthambi za tirigu);
- pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mtedza ndi mbewu;
- masamba (kabichi, biringanya, tomato, adyo, nkhaka, beets, radish, anyezi);
- nyama zodala (nkhuku, fillet turkey, kalulu, nyama yamwana);
- zipatso ndi zipatso (zipatso za citrus, apulo, cranberries, mphesa, apricot, avocado, nkhuyu);
- bowa (bowa wa oyisitara);
- nsomba ndi nsomba zam'madzi (chipolopolo, nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba, hake, pollock, nsomba za pinki);
- amadyera;
- nyemba;
- mafuta mkaka otsika.
Zakudya zoyenera kwa sabata limodzi
Mwa amuna ambiri, liwu loti zakudya limalumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi zakudya zopanda mafuta, zopanda mafuta. Koma tebulo la tsiku ndi tsiku silingakhale labwino, komanso lokoma komanso losiyanasiyana.
Poyamba, kumamatira pa chakudya choyenera sikungakhale kophweka. Koma pang'onopang'ono thupi limazolowera, ndipo zakudya zamagulu zisanu ndi chimodzi zimakupatsani mwayi kuti musamve njala.
Ubwino wamankhwala omwe mumalandira chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu ndikuti samangokhala ndi metabolid ya lipid, komanso amathandizanso kugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe ndi ziwalo zonse. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumabwezeretsedwanso, kugwira ntchito kwa m'mimba kumawonjezereka, ndipo mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba.
Kupanga menus kwa cholesterol yayikulu mwa amuna ndikosavuta. Zosankha za sabata ingawoneke motere:
| Chakudya cham'mawa | Chakudya chamadzulo | Chakudya chamadzulo | Zakudya | Chakudya chamadzulo | |
| Lolemba | Cheesecakes ndi mwatsopano wafinya madzi | Mphesa | Mbatata yophika, msuzi ndi nyama komanso masamba, zipatso zouma | Kudya mphesa | Curd casserole ndi zipatso zouma |
| Lachiwiri | Oatmeal pamadzi, apulo wobiriwira | Yogurt Yotsika Yamafuta | Lenten borsch ndi nyemba ndi nsomba, chinangwa mkate | Zipatso zingapo zamtchire zinanyamuka | Mpunga ndi masamba ndi yophika Native American |
| Lachitatu | Tchizi chamafuta ochepera ndi zoumba, tiyi | Apricots | Mpunga wophika, bere la nkhuku, saladi wophika wa beet, wokazinga wowawasa wowawasa (10%) | Zipatso zouma | Tsitsani msuzi wowonda wowawasa zonona |
| Lachinayi | Mapuloteni omelet mumkaka (1%), masamba | Yoghur | Cheki yophika, masamba ophika | Maapulo ophika ndi uchi, kanyumba tchizi ndi zoumba. | Chophika chamasamba, tchizi chamafuta ochepa |
| Lachisanu | Mkate wonse wa tirigu wowotcha ndi uchi, tiyi wobiriwira | Mtundu wowotchera | Msuzi wokongoletsa, buledi wa tirigu wathunthu | Zipatso ndi mabulosi odzola | Nsomba zovekedwa, kabichi yokongoletsedwa ndi tsabola wa belu ndi kaloti |
| Loweruka | Buckwheat phala ndi skim mkaka, tirigu wathunthu | Masikono ndi tiyi | Patenti ya ng'ombe yolusa, durum tirigu pasitala | Kapu imodzi ya kefir imodzi | Green Pea Puree, nsomba Yophika |
| Lamlungu | Rye mkate sangweji ndi kupanikizana zipatso, tiyi wazitsamba | Madzi aliwonse achilengedwe | Nsomba zofiirira, nyemba zobiriwira komanso kolifulawa | Ma tangerine | Kirimu msuzi wa dzungu, kaloti ndi zukini, tchizi chaching'ono |
Kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol sikukwera kwambiri, chithandizo cha zakudya ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi masewera ndikuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku. Muyenera kumwa madzi okwanira (osachepera malita 1.5 patsiku) ndikuyesera kupewa kupsinjika.
Momwe mungadyere ndi cholesterol yayikulu akufotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
