Thupi limafunikira cholesterol, popeza imakhudzidwa m'njira zambiri zofunika. Pamodzi ndi chakudya, 20% yokha ya zinthu ngati mafuta imalowa, ndipo zotsalazo zimapangidwa m'chiwindi.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale m'masamba, cholesterol chizindikiro chimatha kukhala chambiri. Chomwe chingatayike chingakhale chobadwa nacho, moyo wokhalitsa, zosokoneza, komanso kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya.
Ndi hypercholesterolemia, ma statin nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mankhwala, omwe amachepetsa mwayi wovuta. Koma, monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa ali ndi zovuta zake. Kuti timvetsetse kuopsa kwa cholesterol yayikulu komanso zomwe ma statins amatenga pakuchepetsa, Dr. Alexander Myasnikov athandizira.
Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani ingakhale yoopsa
Cholesterol ndi zovuta bile kapena lipophilic mowa. Achilengedwe pawiri ndi gawo limodzi mwa michere yam'm cell, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yoleka kusintha kusintha kwa kutentha. Popanda cholesterol, kupanga mavitamini D, ma acids a bile ndi mahomoni a adrenal ndikosatheka.
Pafupifupi 80% ya zinthu zomwe thupi la munthu limadzipanga zokha, makamaka m'chiwindi. 20% yotsala ya cholesterol imabwera ndi chakudya.
Cholesterol imatha kukhala yabwino komanso yoyipa. Dotolo wamkulu wa Clinical Hospital No. 71 Alexander Myasnikov amawonetsa chidwi kwa odwala ake kuti chidziwitso chothandiza kapena cholakwika pa thupi la chinthu chimatengera kuwuma kwa lipoproteins yomwe imapanga organic piritsi.
Mwa munthu wathanzi, kuchuluka kwa LDL mpaka LDL kuyenera kukhala kofanana. Koma ngati zisonyezo za milomo yotsika kwambiri zimaphatikizidwa, zotsalazo zimayamba kukhazikika m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa.
Dokotala wa Myasnikov akuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa kumachuluka makamaka ngati pali zinthu zotsatirazi zoopsa:
- matenda a shuga;
- matenda oopsa
- onenepa kwambiri;
- kusuta
- Matenda a mtima a Ischemic;
- kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi;
- atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi.
Chifukwa chake, chifukwa choyambirira cha kukhwimitsa kwa stroko ndi kugunda kwa mtima kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi. LDL imayikidwa pamatumbo, ndikupanga zolembera za atherosulin, zomwe zimathandizira kuwoneka kwa ziwunda za magazi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kufa.
Butcher amalankhulanso za cholesterol ya azimayi, kuti imavulaza makamaka pambuyo kusamba. Kupatula apo, asanasiye, kupangika kwama mahomoni ogonana kumateteza thupi ku mawonekedwe a atherosulinosis.
Ndi cholesterol yayikulu komanso zoopsa zochepa, mankhwalawa saikidwa mankhwala.
Komabe, adokotala akukhulupirira kuti ngati wodwalayo ali ndi cholesterol osapitirira 5.5 mmol / l, koma nthawi yomweyo pali zoopsa (kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, kunenepa kwambiri), ndiye kuti ma statins ayenera kumwedwa.
Zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia
Statins ndi gulu lotsogoza la mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol yoyipa kukhala yovomerezeka. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima, ngakhale Dr. Myasnikov amayang'ana odwala kuti mfundo yeniyeni yochita zawo sichidziwika ngati mankhwala.
Dzina lasayansi la statins ndi HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Ndi gulu latsopano la mankhwala omwe amatha kutsitsa LDL mwachangu ndikukulitsa chiyembekezo chamoyo.
Mwina, statin imachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa enzyme yotulutsa hepatic cholesterol. Mankhwalawa amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa LDL-receptors apoliprotein ndi HDL m'maselo. Chifukwa cha izi, cholesterol yovulala imatsalira kumbuyo kwa makoma a mtima ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Dr. Myasnikov amadziwa zochuluka za cholesterol ndi ma statin, monga akhala akuwatenga kwa zaka zambiri. Dotoloyo akuti kuphatikiza ndi zotsatira za kuchepa kwa lipid, ma inhibitors amtundu wa chiwindi ndiwofunika kwambiri chifukwa chothandiza pamitsempha yamagazi:
- khazikitsani mapepala, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotupa;
- kuthetsa kutupa m'mitsempha;
- khalani ndi anti-ischemic zotsatira;
- kusintha fibrinolysis;
- limbitsa mtima epithelium;
- kukhala ndi antiplatelet.
Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima wamagazi, kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins ndikupewa kupezeka kwa mafupa ndi khansa ya m'matumbo. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors imaletsa mapangidwe amiyala mu ndulu, imapangitsa matenda a impso.
Dokotala wa Myasnikov amatengera chidwi chakuti ma statins ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa abambo. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandizira kusokonekera kwa erectile.
Ma statin onse amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi. Phwando lawo limachitika kamodzi patsiku pogona.
Koma musanamwe ma statins, muyenera kumwa mkodzo, kuyezetsa magazi ndikupanga mbiri ya lipid yomwe imawulula zakuphwanya kwa metabolism yamafuta. M'mitundu yoopsa ya hypercholesterolemia, ma statin adzafunika kuledzera kwa zaka zingapo kapena moyo wonse.
Inhibitors a hepatic enzyme amadziwika ndi mankhwala ndi m'badwo:
| M'badwo | Mawonekedwe a mankhwala | Zithandizo zodziwika bwino kuchokera pagululi |
| Ine | Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku bowa wa penicillin. Chepetsani LDL ndi 25-30%. Amakhala ndi zovuta zingapo zoyipa. | Lipostat, Simvastatin, Lovastatin |
| II | Pewani njira yotulutsira ma enzyme. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi 30-40%, kuonjezera HDL ndi 20% | Leskol, Fluvastatin |
| III | Kukonzekera kwa kapangidwe kake ndizothandiza kwambiri. Chepetsani cholesterol yonse ndi 47%, kwezani HDL ndi 15% | Novostat, Liprimar, Torvakard, Atoris |
| IV | Mamvekedwe achilengedwe opanga mbadwo wotsiriza. Kuchepetsa zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa ndi 55%. Khalani ndi zosankha zingapo zoyipa | Rosuvastatin |
Ngakhale kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa ma statins mu hypercholesterolemia, Dr. Myasnikov akuwonetsa kuti ali ndi vuto lodzapeza pambuyo pake. Choyambirira, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amawononga chiwindi.
Amakhulupirira kuti ma statins amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtundu wa 2. Komabe, Myasnikov akukhulupirira kuti ngati mutatenga mapiritsiwo muyeso wapamwamba, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakwera pang'ono pokha. Komanso, kwa odwala matenda ashuga, matenda a m'matumbo, omwe amakhala ndi vuto la mtima komanso stroko, ndiowopsa kwambiri kuposa kuphwanya pang'ono kagayidwe kazakudya.
Kafukufuku wambiri adatsimikizira kuti nthawi zina, ma statin amasokoneza kukumbukira komanso amatha kusintha machitidwe a anthu. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutatha kutenga ma statins zoterezi zimachitika, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe angasinthe kapena kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Nthawi yomweyo, Alexander Myasnikov amalimbikitsa kuti odwala omwe, pazifukwa zina, sangathe kuthandizidwa ndi ma statins, m'malo mwake ndi Aspirin.
Ma statin achilengedwe
Kwa anthu omwe sakhala pachiwopsezo, omwe cholesterol imachulukitsa pang'ono, Myasnikov amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi mwachilengedwe. Mutha kusintha mtundu wa LDL ndi HDL ndi chithandizo cha zakudya.
Choyamba, adokotala amalimbikitsa kudya mtedza, makamaka ma amondi. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ngati mumadya pafupifupi 70 g ya mankhwala tsiku lililonse, ndiye kuti thupi lidzakhalanso ndi zofanana pochiritsa pambuyo poti mutenge ma statins.
A Alexander Myasnikov amalimbikitsanso kudya zakudya zam'madzi kangapo pa sabata. Koma kuchuluka kwa mafuta, nyama yofiira, soseji ndi ma offal kuyenera kukhala kochepa.
Zinthu zina zomwe zimachotsa mafuta m'thupi:
- khofi
- Cocoa
- Mpunga wofiira waku China
- tiyi wobiriwira
- soya.
Polankhula za cholesterol yayikulu, Dr. Myasnikov amalimbikitsa kuti odwala ake asinthe mafuta a nyama ndi mafuta azamasamba. Zopindika zosasanjidwa, sesame kapena mafuta a azitona, zomwe zimalimbitsa mtima makoma, ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa thupi.
Kwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi vuto la hypercholesterolemia, a Alexander Leonidovich adalangiza kuti azidya zopatsa mkaka tsiku lililonse. Chifukwa chake, yogurt yachilengedwe imakhala ndi sterol, yomwe imatsitsa cholesterol yoyipa ndi 7-10%.
Ndikofunikanso kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber. Utoto wolimba umamanga ndikuchotsa LDL mthupi.
Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, Dr. Myasnikov amalankhula za cholesterol yayikulu.
