Matenda onse amakhala ndi kufalikira kwakanthawi. Matenda operewera ndi kuvulala ndi chachitatu, matenda owopsa ali kwachiwiri, ndipo matenda a mtima amatengedwa.
Amaphatikizapo infarction yacute myocardial; ischemic ndi hemorrhagic stroke; mitsempha yakuya ya m'munsi; atherosulinosis. Uwu si mndandanda wathunthu wamatenda, okhawo omwe ndiofala. Zonsezi zimasokoneza thanzi la munthu komanso moyo.
Ndiye chifukwa chake kupanga mankhwala othandizira matenda a mtima ndi a mtima kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo pafupifupi kampani iliyonse yamankhwala ili ndi mankhwala osachepera imodzi.
Zoyambitsa Matenda a Mtima
Matenda a Coronary amakula pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Pali zinthu zomwe sizingasinthidwe - jenda, zaka, komanso cholowa. Ndipo pali zoopsa zomwe zimatha kusinthidwa kuti zilepheretse kukula kwa matenda.
Zofunikira pakuwongolera ndi izi:
- Kusuta - ma nicotine resins ndi oopsa kwa thupi la munthu. Akalowa m'magazi kudzera paukobiri wa alveolar, amakhala pamitsempha, amalowa khoma, ndikulowa mu membrane wa cell, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yopasuka komanso ma microcracks amapezeka. Mapulatifomu, omwe amatseka chilema, pomwe akuwunikira zinthu zomwe zikuwoneka, amakonda kuvulala. Kenako lipids imalumikizidwa ndi malowa, pang'onopang'ono imadziunjikira ndikuchepetsa lumen. Kotero akuyamba atherosclerosis, kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima ndipo, pambuyo pake, kumayambitsa matenda obisika;
- Kunenepa kwambiri. Mafuta omwe amapezeka panthawi ya kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi amagawidwa mosiyanasiyana, woyamba kuzungulira ziwalo. Chifukwa cha izi, ntchito yawo imasokonekera, mtima ndi ziwiya zazikulu zimavutika. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins yotsika kumachulukanso ndipo kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins kwapamwamba kumatsika, zomwe zimathandiza kuwonetsa matendawa;
- Hypodynamia - imayambitsa kufooka kwa minofu komwe sikogwirizana ndi kamvekedwe ka minyewa, kamene kamapangitsa kuti minyewa ichepe komanso kuchepa. Izi zimabweretsa zolakwika mu mtima makoma;
- Kuledzera - kumabweretsa kuledzera kwa thupi, kukhudza mitsempha ya magazi ndikuwononga hepatocytes. Imakhudza vena cava, main hepatic chotengera. Poizoni amadziunjikira khoma la chotengera, chimacheperachepera.
Mothandizidwa ndi izi pachiwopsezo cha anthu, komanso kupsinjika, kutopa kwakanthawi ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda, atherosulinosis imayamba - kulumikizana koyambirira kwa matenda a coronary.
Ndi izo, zolembera zimakhazikika pa makoma amitsempha yamagazi kuchokera ku cholesterol, yomwe mkati mwa kukula imalepheretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Njira zakuchiritsa kwa atherosulinosis
Matendawa ndivuto lenileni, chifukwa munthu aliyense wachitatu amakula zaka 50 zitatha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake makampani onse azachipatala akhazikika pakukula kwa mankhwala ochiritsira atherosulinosis.
Komabe, njira yoyambirira yodzitetezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Kuwonjezeka kwa zolimbitsa thupi, osachepera mpaka ola limodzi patsiku (komwe kumatha kukhala kulipira kapena kusangalatsa zinthu, kapena kuyenda mwanzeru kapena kuyenda), kumachepetsa kukula kwa atherosclerosis ndi 40%. Mukasintha zakudya ndikuwonjezera, kuwonjezera pa nyama, chimanga, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndiye kuti chiwopsezocho chichepa ndi 10% ina. Kusiya kusuta kumatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi ali pachiwopsezo.
Ngati njira zonsezi sizinathandize, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa munthawi yamankhwala. Mankhwala otsitsa a lipid amakono okhala ndi zotsatira zotsimikiziridwa adapangidwa zaka makumi atatu zokha zapitazo, chithandizo ichi chisanachitike ndi mahomoni ogonana achikazi - estrogens, nicotinic acid, othandizira amafuta acids. Adawonetsa zotsatira zokhumudwitsa - kufa kwa matenda a coronary kudakulirakulira.
Mu 1985, kampani yopanga mankhwala ku Germany, Pfizer, idasankha dzina latsopano - Atorvastatin. Kutengera ndi ichi, ndi kuwonjezera pazinthu zothandizira, mankhwala oyambanso ndi anticholesterolemic effect, Liprimar, anapangidwa. Adatseketsa enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, kusokoneza limagwirira a cholesterol synthesis mu chiwindi pa gawo la cholesterol precursor - mevalonate.
Mu kafukufuku wosasinthika, wakhungu, mphamvu ya atorvastatin idawululidwa. Zotsatira zake, dontho la miloprotein yotsika mpaka 40% lapezeka.
Ngati odwala ali ndi matenda oopsa, Atorvastatin pa mlingo wa mamiligalamu 5 mpaka 20 kwa zaka zitatu za monotherapy amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi infracation ya myocardial ndi 35%.
Ntchito malangizo Mankhwala Liprimar
Liprimar ili ndi malangizo atsatanetsatane ogwiritsira ntchito.
Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi amwazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi zonse.
Zisonyezo zonse zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa zimasonyezedwa mu malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa:
Zizindikiro zazikulu ndizotsatirazi:
- kukhalapo kwa ochepa matenda oopsa mwa odwala - kuchuluka kwa mavuto kuchokera ku 160/100 mm Hg ndi mmwamba;
- angina pectoris, gulu lachitatu lothandizira;
- myocardial infarction mu chikhululukiro;
- chosavuta (kuchuluka LDL), chosakanikirana (kuchuluka LDL ndi VLDL) kapena banja (cholowa, cholakwika) hypercholesterolemia yoposa 6 mmol / l, yomwe siyimitsidwa ndi kusintha kwasinthidwe;
- atherosulinosis.
Mothandizana ndi mankhwala, muyenera kutsatira zakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kusiya zizolowezi zoipa.
Tengani pakamwa popanda kuswa piritsi. Imwani madzi ambiri. Mlingo woyambira womwe wapezeka ndi hypercholesterolemia ndi 10 mg patsiku, pakatha mwezi wowunika mphamvu ya mankhwala, mlingo umasinthidwa chokwera, ngati pakufunika. Ndi banja hypercholesterolemia, mlingo ndi wokulirapo, ndipo 40-80 mg. Ana amalimbikitsidwa 10 mg okha patsiku.
Mlingo waukulu patsiku la munthu wamkulu ndi 80 mg. Pa chithandizo, ndikofunikira kuyang'aniridwa ndi michere ya chiwindi, ngati achulukitsa katatu, Liprimar imathetsedwa.
Pali zotsatira zoyipa zingapo zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, zazikulu zomwe ndi izi:
- Neuropathy, kusokonezeka kwa kugona, kupweteka mutu, paresthesias.
- Kupweteka kwa minofu, kupindika, myositis.
- Kusala kudya, nseru, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kutsegula m'mimba, kutupa kwa kapamba.
- Kutupa kwa chiwindi, jaundice, kusayenda kwa ndulu.
- Ziwengo, urticaria.
Liprimar ili ndi ma contraindication ochepa, chachikulu chimakhala kulekerera kwa lactose kapena chinthu cha atorvastatin. Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi impso, ana osaposa zaka 14, ndipo azimayi amiyala.
Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, mankhwalawa ali osavomerezeka.
Kusiyana pakati pa zoyambira ndi zotuluka
Liprimar si mankhwala okhawo ochokera ku ma statins angapo, ngakhale, mosakayikira, malinga ndi maphunziro azachipatala, ndiabwino kwambiri. Pakati pa 1985 ndi 2005, pomwe kuteteza patent kunali kogwira, anali yekha. Koma kenako kachitidwe kake kanayamba kupezeka pagulu, ndipo ma fanizo anayamba kuwonekera, otchedwa magenic. Onsewa ali ndi formula wamba ndi Atorvastatin, ndipo, mwaluso, ayenera kukhala ndi zotsatira zofanana zochizira.
Komabe, chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwa malamulo a mayiko ambiri pankhani ya mayeso azachipatala, chinthu chokhacho chomwe ali nacho chofanana ndi choyambirira ndicho kupangidwa. Malinga ndi zolembedwa zomwe ambiri amavomereza, kuti mupange dzina latsopano lazamalonda, muyenera kungopereka chikalata chofanana ndi mankhwala ku komisolo. Koma vuto ndiloti njira yopezera zinthuzo iyenera kukhala yosavuta, ndipo izi zitsogolera kusintha kwa malo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti achire azitha kuchepa, kapena akhale ochepa.
Pakadali pano, zida za Liprimar zili ndi mayina opitilira 30, onse ali ndi atorvastatin ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito. Odziwika kwambiri a iwo ndi Atorvastatin (wopangidwa ku Russia) ndi Atoris (wopanga - Slovenia). Onsewa amagulitsa bwino mumafakitale, koma pali zosiyana pakati pawo.
Kusiyana koyamba kumawonedwa kale mu mankhwala - iyi ndi mtengo wake pa 10 mg:
- Liprimar - zidutswa zana - rubles 1800;
- Atoris - 90 zidutswa - 615 rubles;
- Atorvastatin - 90 zidutswa - 380 ma ruble.
Funso limabuka, bwanji mtengo uli wosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe Atorvastatin ingasinthidwe. Liprimar adapeza kafukufuku wathunthu wazachipatala, adalandira patent, ndipo zimatengera zinthu zambiri kuti apange ndikulengeza. Chifukwa chake, kampaniyo imayika mtengo wokwera kwambiri ngati malipiro a mtundu wodalirika, woyesedwa pazaka khumi zoyesedwa.
Atoris, wopangidwa ku Slovenia, adachita kafukufuku wazaka zitatu wazaka ziwiri, pomwe zidatsimikiziridwa kuti zimatsika kwambiri ma lipoproteins ndi 5% yochepera kuposa choyambirira, koma zotsatira zake zochizira sizikukayikira ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati analogue ya Liprimar.
Atorvastatin wapanyumba sanadutsepo mayeso onse azachipatala, ndipo kufanana kwake ndi mankhwala komwe kumatsimikiziridwa, kotero ndikotsika mtengo kwambiri. Komabe, momwe zimakhudzira thupi sizikudziwika mwatsatanetsatane, zimachita kusankha, kutanthauza kuti, zitha kuthandiza munthu wina ndikuvulaza wina. Imagulidwa ndi anthu omwe sangathe kugula mankhwala ochokera kunja.
Zotsatira zamankhwala zimatha kuwunika pambuyo pa makonzedwe. Komabe, kuti akwaniritse izi, Liprimar imayenera kutengedwa milungu iwiri yokha, Atoris atatu, ndi Atorvastatin maphunziro a miyezi iwiri. Izi zimatha kuwononga chiwindi.
Kuti izi zisachitike, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwala a hepatoprotectors limodzi.
Momwe mungaphatikizire ma statins?
Kuphatikiza pa zotumphukira za atorvastatin, pali zinthu zina zogwira ntchito pamsika wogulitsa mankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa atherossteosis. Izi ndi zotumphukira za losartan, angiotensin 2 inhibitor, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a Lozap. Chochita chake chachikulu sicholinga chofuna kuthana ndi cholesterol ya LDL, koma pakuchepetsa kukakamira, kotero nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mabedi pakuphatikiza mankhwala. Komabe, Lozap imakhudzanso hepatocytes, chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi amalephera kukaonana ndi dokotala asanayambe chithandizo. Zotsatira zabwino zophatikiza ndi ma statins zimawonetsedwa ndi calcium blockers, mwachitsanzo, Amlodipine.
Pankhani ya kusagwirizana ndi Liprimar, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ma analogs ndi zina mwa atorvastatin. Awa ndi rosuvastatin ndi simvastatin. Iwo, monga ma statins ena, onse amakhudza mtundu wa HMG-CoA reductase enzyme ndipo ali ndi pharmacodynamics ofanana.
Komabe, popanga kafukufuku zidapezeka kuti Rosuvastatin ali ndi nephrotoxicity, ndiye kuti, ikhoza kukhudza rerench parenchyma, ndikuwopseza kukula kwa aimpso.
Simvastatin imatsitsa mulingo wama lipoproteins otsika ndi 9% yochepera kuposa Liprimar, zomwe zimawonetsa kugwira kwake ntchito kotsika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Liprimar adakhalabe mtsogoleri pamsika wogulitsa kuchokera ku gulu la ma statins, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa osati ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku komanso zaka zambiri pozigwiritsa ntchito ndi madokotala pochiza matenda a atherossteosis, komanso ndi ndemanga zabwino za odwala.
Atorvastatin akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
