Atherosulinosis imakhudza aliyense wokhala padziko lapansi. Awa ndi matenda m'maiko otukuka kumene khoma lamitsempha limawonongeka chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa moyo komanso kudya zopanda thanzi, komanso zotsatira za matenda, mankhwala ndi ma radiation.
M'malo owonongeka, mafuta osungirako, omwe amakhala ambiri m'thupi mwa anthu omwe amadya zakudya zopanda thanzi zamafuta, amayikidwa mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, mitsempha imataya mphamvu zawo zachilengedwe za elasticity, lipids.
Zizindikiro za matendawa zimayamba kuonekera patapita nthawi yoyamba kupangidwa pachikhodzodzo. Koma mawonekedwe akachipatala atawonekera, wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa kuti ndi dokotala uti amene amathandizira atherosulinosis ndi yemwe angatembenukire thandizo.
Pali masomphenya awiri ofunikira a kukula kwa atherosulinosis.
Choyamba, zimachitika pambuyo pokuchulukana kwa cholesterol yambiri ndi trans mafuta mu magazi, kufalitsidwa kwawo kwaulere. Ma Enzymes opangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a lipid sangathe kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, ndipo zotsalira zomwe sizinachitike zimapitilirabe ndi magazi.
Lachiwiri likunena za kuwonongeka kwa khoma monga chimayambitsa matendawa, komanso kuphatikiza pa kayendetsedwe ka zakudya, chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwa popewa matenda obwera ndi mabakiteriya komanso mavairasi. Zowopsa zomwe zimawonjezera moyenera mwayi wopangitsa atherosulinosis zimatsimikizidwanso monga ziwerengero.
Izi ndi izi:
- Matenda oopsa. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhudza kwambiri mkhalidwe wamkati wamatumbo, omwe amayenera kukhala osasinthika kulipira, potero kuwonjezeka kwa magazi. Kuchokera pamenepa, chubu cha magazi chimadya kwambiri, amatopa msanga. Ndipo ma vasoconstrictors amphamvu ngati angiotensin 2 amalimbikitsa kukula kwa khoma la maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azilowa mosavuta.
- Matenda a shuga. Kuwononga kwamphamvu kagayidwe kazinthu, kumayambitsa kuyambitsa kwa kuzungulira kwa metabolism mu metabolism yamafuta acids. Pazifukwa izi, mafuta sakhala akuwonongeka mpaka kumapeto, koma lowetsani kufalitsa kwaulere.
- Kusuta. Zinthu zomwe zili mu utsi wa fodya zimakhudza kusungirako kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi malo a vasomotor, ndikuyambitsa chisokonezo mkati mwake. Gawo lirilonse la utsi ndilamphamvu, koma kwakanthawi kochepa, komwe kumakhudza kutulutsa kwa mpweya mu ubongo, minofu yofewa.
- Zaka ndi jenda. Amuna amavutika kwambiri kuposa azimayi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni ogonana, omwe ali ndi katundu wobwezeretsanso. Akakula thupi, ulusi wochepa wa elastin ndi collagen umakhalamo, ndipo khoma lamkati limakhala laling'ono, limakhala lofooka.
- Kudya kowonjezera mafuta ochulukirapo komanso zakudya zamafuta. Ngakhale mwa munthu wathanzi, popanda kupatuka kwina mu ntchito ya m'mimba, ma enzyme samakhala mphamvu zonse, ndipo akudya zakudya zovulaza, mosalekeza amaika mitsempha ya mtima mu mtima.
Kuthetsa zinthu izi, wodwalayo amachepetsa chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis.
Ndondomeko ya atherosulinotic ikhoza kuyamba kukula ndikukula mu mtundu uliwonse wamtundu wa zotanuka kapena zotsekemera.
Koma chizindikiro chachikulu chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi stenosis yamitsempha yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ziwalo "zofunikira", zomwe zimatchedwa ziwopsezo.
Ziwalo zimakonda chidwi ndikusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuperewera kwa okosijeni, komanso kayendedwe kazakudya. Mwachiwonekere, awa ndi magawo ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi - impso, chiwindi, mtima, ubongo, minofu ndi mafupa.
Malinga ndi kutanthauzira komwe kumayang'ana njira ya pathological, mitundu ingapo ya atherosulinosis imasiyanitsidwa.
Zoyipa. Kugonjetsedwa kwa chotengera chachikulu kwambiri cha thupi kumabweretsa kukulira kowonjezereka kwa kupanikizika, kufooka hemodynamics. Chotupa cholimba chakumapeto kwa maselo sichingakwaniritse zolingana ndi zovuta zamomwe zimachitika mu mtima. Chifukwa chake, khoma limatambasulidwa ndipo limatuluka - aneurysm imapangidwa. Nthawi zambiri cholinga chachikulu chimapangidwa m'mimba msempha, ndipo kutaya kwamkati pamimba ndi vuto loopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda amtunduwu amadzaza ndi thromboembolism ya chiwalo chilichonse pagulu lalikulu la magazi.
Cerebral. Madzi otaya magazi ndi amodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi. Pakhosi pali mitsempha yayikulu, carotid wamba ndi vertebral, yomwe imadyetsa mutu ndi ubongo. Amatetezedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa atherosulinotic, kuwonongeka kwa lumen. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo samangodandaula za mutu, pafupipafupi madandaulo amakhala ndi vuto la kugona, kukumbukira, kuyendetsa bwino magalimoto, luso labwino lamagalimoto, kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro. Nthawi yomweyo, ma cell a 5th cytoarbuildonics, maselo a Betz, amavutika. Nthawi zambiri zotsatira zake zimakhala za ischemic.
Coronary. Thrombosis kapena kuchepetsedwa kwa mitsempha yomwe imadyetsa mtima kumabweretsa kukulitsa kwa kuvulala kwa hypoxic pamitsempha ya mtima, kenako ndikubwera kwa myocardial infarction. Wodwalayo amadandaula kwa dokotala wa zowawa zamkati zowopsa komanso zowotcha, chifukwa pambuyo pake chithandizo cha stenosis cha mitsempha ya coronary chimaphatikizidwa ndi kupweteka kwambiri. Zovuta zoterezi zimayimitsidwa ndi Nitroglycerin, komanso ziyenera kukhala ngati belu lodabwitsa, mwayi woganizira momwe angathandizidwe.
Atherosulinosis ya malekezero ena amakhalanso pawokha. Kuwonongeka kwa atherosulinosis kwamiyendo kumapangitsa wodwalayo kupweteka komanso kuvutika.
Kutulutsa kwamitsempha yamagazi kumayambitsa kudzikundikira kwa lactic acid panthawi yoyenda. Wodwala sangathe kuyenda mtunda woyenera osayima.
Mtundu uliwonse wa atherosulinosis uyenera kuthandizidwa ndi katswiri yemwe amathana ndi matenda a dongosolo linalake. Koma kuti timvetse bwino za chidacho, pali zofunika kuchita - mayeso athunthu. Lumikizanani ndi GP wanu kuti akuwongolereni.
Dokotala wodziwikiratu amawunika momwe wodwalayo alili, momwe zimakhalira (kuyerekezera, mphamvu, chidzalo), kuthinana, kusintha kwa ziwopsezo, kutengera anamnesis.
Auscultatory, adzazindikira kukhalapo kwa kusintha kwa organic mu mtima ndi mapapu omwe amadziwika ndi matenda a mtima (CHD) mu coronary atherosulinosis.
M'migawo yoyambirira ya matenda, amatha kupereka chithandizo chokwanira chamankhwala chofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma triglycerides omasuka ndi cholesterol pakufalikira.
Mankhwala amakono amapereka njira zowonongera komanso zosagwirizana kwathunthu.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Ma diagnostics a Ultrasound, kugwiritsa ntchito Doppler zotsatira - njira iyi yofufuzira mwaluso imakuthandizani kuti muyeze bwino momwe mitsempha yam'magazi ilili, malo awo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, chidzalo chonse komanso kubwezeretsanso. Mchitidwe wamagazi wokhala ndi magazi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha matenda.
- Rheovasogram - njirayi imawunika zochitika zamagetsi zamagazi ndi zomwe zili. Ngakhale capillary yaying'ono imawonetsedwa pazenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito.
- MRI - imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikiritsa kukula kwa minofu yofewa, makamaka ngati atherosulinosis imakhudza miyendo yam'munsi. Mtengo wokwera mtengo umaperekedwa ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kolekanitsidwa ndi ma radiation ndikusavulaza kwake poyerekeza ndi diagnostics a x-ray.
- Angiography, CT - zithunzi zokhala ndi mayendedwe ofunikira zimafunikira kuti mufotokozere bwino za momwe magazi amapezeka mwa wodwala winawake, makamaka panthawi ya ntchito. Njirayi imaphatikizira kupaka mtsempha mosiyanitsa ndi x-ray ya dera linalake.
Zambiri zikalandilidwa komanso chifukwa chake nchachidziwikire, mutha kutumizidwa kumadera azachipatala a 3, kwa akatswiri azamagetsi.
Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi mtundu wamatenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa, ayenera kupangana ndi angiologist (dokotala wothandizira mavuto a kufalikira kwa magazi) kapena wamisala (matenda am'thupi a mitsempha, ganglia ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Adzatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kwa ubongo wa hypoxic pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera omwe amapangidwa kuti azindikire encephalopathy. Nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa ku ubongo MRI kuchokera kuno. Amatha kuchiritsa atherosclerosis mothandizidwa ndimankhwala, kapena kungoziziritsa mphamvu. Kuchita opaleshoni pazinthu zoterezi ndikosowa kwambiri.
Odwala omwe ali ndi arteriosulinosis omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi angina akuyenera kuonana ndi mtima. ECG, kuyezetsa magazi konsekonse, kusanthula kwa biochemical kwa mbiri ya lipid, kuyesa kwa mtima sikunakhale mndandanda wathunthu wa njira zake zowunikira. Chifukwa chakugwirizana kwakukulu kwa matenda amtima, njira zamakono zamankhwala zimapangidwa kwambiri polimbana ndi ischemia. Luso kuphatikiza mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, kuti tichotse stenosis yakufa, kuluma kwa chotengera cha coronary kudzera mu mtsempha wama akazi kumachitidwa. Opaleshoniyo ndiokwera mtengo, koma osati owopsa ndipo amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, monga zikuwonekera ndi kuwunika kwa odwala ndi madotolo.
Njira zochizira matenda a atherosulinosis zimakambidwa kanema munkhaniyi.
