Atherosclerosis ndi matenda omwe amachititsa ndi atsogoleri pakati pa matenda akupha. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa cholesterol pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, yomwe pamapeto pake imakhala cholembera cha atherosselotic. Izi ndizosatheka. Popita nthawi, zolembazi zimawuma chifukwa cha kulephera kwa cholesterol kusungunuka m'madzi.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti matenda azizungulira, ndipo pakapita nthawi, kuthira magazi kwa ziwalo kumakhala kovuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti zolembera zimakula kukula ndikutseka kuwala kwa zombo. Chifukwa cha izi, zigawo zikuluzikulu zamagazi zimayamba kumamatira ndikukhazikika pamakoma amitsempha. Pakapita kanthawi, chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa pamakoma, amafa.
Mapulateleti amayamba kukhazikika pamakoma a cholesterol plaques motero magazi amawundana.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero padziko lapansi, 40% ya anthu ali ndi mwayi uliwonse wopezeka ndi matenda a atherosclerosis ndi matenda omwe amayenda nawo.
Kuti muwone zoopsa pachiyambiyambi, kumakhala ndi mayeso pafupipafupi.
Matendawa amatenga zotsatila zingapo, monga:
- Kufa ziwalo, kapena kulumala.
- Stroko Ndiofala kwambiri pakati pamavuto. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chotulutsa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi. Mtsogolomo, zombo zimang'ambika, zomwe zimayambitsa sitiroko. Ngati ma thrombus adalekanitsidwa ndi malo omwe adapangidwira ndikuyendetsa kudzera mu kayendedwe kazungulire, kuthekera kwa kufa ndikokwera.
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ntchito. Amatha kudziwonetsa okha mu mawonekedwe a neurosis, kapena kuiwalika. Mukapanda kuyamba maphunziro pa nthawi yake, machitidwewo amatha kukhala osalamulirika. Kale pankhaniyi, munthu sangathe kuthana ndi zochitika wamba payekha.
Anthu ambiri amafunsa kuti amakhala ndi atherosulinosis yaubongo nthawi yayitali bwanji. Ngati mankhwalawa ali munthawi yake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Mulimonsemo, simungasute, kumwa, koma muyenera kuyamba kusewera masewera, kusintha zakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chovuta kumalola odwala omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis kuti azikhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali. Koma kuchuluka kwa zaka zimatengera umunthu payekha komanso kuchuluka kwa matenda. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwalawa zimatha kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira komanso zimabwezeretsa thupi.
Kunena zowona, atherosclerosis koyambirira sikukhudza chiwerengero cha zaka. Amatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, ndikusintha moyo wabwino.
Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira zikuwonekera, muyenera kufunsa katswiri.
Choopsa kwambiri pamatendawa ndicho kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
Potere, wodwalayo ali ndi kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe ndi kumva kwa magawo osiyanasiyana; kusokoneza kayendedwe ka kayendedwe; kuiwala pang'ono kuyanʻanila za ndende.
Izi zitha kupewedwa pozindikira matendawa munthawi yake. Imfa ikangotha pokhapokha ngati kulibe chithandizo.
Kupezeka kwa atherosulinosis kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo zoyipa zomwe zimagwira thupi. Ngati osachepera atatu a iwo ali m'moyo wa munthu, ndiye kuti amayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi kuposa ena.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimayambira:
- Zakudya zopatsa thanzi muzakudya.
- Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
- Mowa. Zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimawononga minofu yamtima ndipo zimadzetsa kutuluka kwazinthu zowonjezera zowopsa zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa matenda a mtima.
- Kusuta kumakhudza mitsempha yamagazi, kumawonjezera cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi, kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Kuphwanya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi.
- Kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga.
- Kulemera kwambiri. Wodwala yemwe ali ndi vutoli amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri pamafupa ndi minofu yake. Chomwe chikuwoneka kuti chikuwonjezera kwambiri kuphwanya njira za metabolic.
- Makamaka. Ngati achibale apafupi a munthu adakweza cholesterol, kapena mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa mtima, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi.
Kuyang'aniridwa kuyenera kulipidwa pazizindikiro zomwe zimayenda ndi matendawa. Sanatchulidwe, koma kupezeka kwawo kuyenera kumuchenjeza munthuyo. Powonetsera pang'ono, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi:
- kusowa tulo;
- mavuto ndi zida zamakono zolankhula;
- dzanzi la nkhope ndi thupi;
- kuphwanya zilakalaka zadyera popanda chifukwa;
- mphwayi
- kutopa kwambiri;
- miyendo ndi mikono itanjenjemera;
- kufooka wamba.
Ngati munthu adziwululira yekha matendawa 3 kapena kuposa matendawa, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri kuti mumupime mokwanira ndikuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Ndikupempha kwadongosolo lakuchipatala komwe zipatala zimapitiliza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe munthu angakhalire ndi moyo.
Tsiku lililonse, anthu masauzande ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amazunzidwa ndi atherosulinosis ndi zotsatira zake.
Pafupifupi, zaka zomwe atherosulinosis imachitika nthawi zambiri amakhala 40+.
Itha kukhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kuli.
Atherosulinosis imayikidwa m'magulu, kutengera gawo la kuthekera kwamitsempha yama mtima:
- Cerebral - ziwiya zamafuta zimakhudzidwa.
- Coronary atherosulinosis ndi zotupa za zotengera zomwe zimadyetsa mtima.
- Matenda a mtima wam'mbali wam'munsi.
- Matenda a Msempha.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda a ubongo.
Ndi matenda awa, kupezeka kwa malo komwe kumachitika m'mitsempha ya ubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje.
Mu magawo ochepa, zizindikiro sizitchulidwa, wodwalayo sangathe kuwona kusintha.
Ngati matenda a ubongo atadutsa msanga, necrosis imayamba mu minofu ya muubongo. Izi zikhala ndi zotsatirapo zina zosasintha. Ngakhale m'magawo apambuyo, ndi chotengera chotsekedwa ndi 70%, wodwalayo amangomva mutu komanso chizungulire chambiri, nthawi zina tinnitus. Zimatengera mukatembenukira kwa katswiri, chiyembekezo chamoyo komanso kusintha.
Ndikwabwino kupimidwa pafupipafupi, mosasamala za mawonekedwe ake. Njirayi iyenera kuyimitsidwa ngati ikuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala pafupipafupi ndikutsatira malingaliro ake. Chithandizo chitha kudutsanso mwa kuchita opaleshoni. Izi zimachitika pokhapokha patokha kwambiri, zikafika pamoyo wamunthu.
Udindo waukulu umachitika ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa zam'mimba. Ngati matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri ku ubongo, ndiye kuwonongeka kwa msempha, matendawa amayenda mosavuta komanso mosawonekera, chifukwa cha kukula kwa chotengera.
Ndi chotupa chachikulu cha chotengera, kufa kwa minofu kumatha kuonedwa, chifukwa chosakwanira magazi kapena kuchepa kwathunthu.
Kuti mukhale wathanzi, nthawi yochulukirapo, kulimbikira ndi kupirira zimafunika, chifukwa njira yochiritsira ndiyotenga nthawi yayitali komanso imakhala yodula.
Chovuta chimakhalapo chifukwa chakuti atherosulinosis imakhudza osati achikulire okha, komanso anthu achinyamata kwambiri. Makamaka nthawi zambiri zakupha zimachitika ndikuwonongeka kwamitsempha yama coronary.
Matendawa ali ndi magawo atatu:
- ischemic (angina akuwukira nthawi ndi nthawi);
- thrombonecrotic (myocardial infarction);
- fibrous (atherosulinotic cardiosranceosis).
Magawo onse angayambitse imfa, kuwonjezera apo, mwadzidzidzi. Nthawi zina ngakhale anthu amene anapulumuka matenda omaliza amakhala ndi moyo wautali, ndipo odwala omwe adakali mwana amatha kufa.
Zimatengera mawonekedwe komanso tsamba lawonongeka lamasamba.
Kuti mupereke chithandizo choyenera, muyenera kuzindikira matendawa nthawi.
Kuzindikira ndizovuta ndipo zimaphatikizapo kafukufuku wambiri.
Popanda kuzindikira, chithandizo chokha sichingalembedwe.
Njira zodziwitsa:
- Kutolere mbiri yachipatala ndi madandaulo a odwala. Dotoloyo amasintha madandaulo a wodwalayo, amaphunzira za momwe wodwala amakhalira ndi zomwe adadwala nazo kale.
- Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Kuwerenga uku kukuthandizani kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, hemoglobin, shuga. Monga mukudziwira, izi zikuwonetsedwa mwachindunji, kapena zimakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.
- Kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu.
- Coagulogram.
- Echocardiogram yomwe imawonetsera zochitika zamtima.
- Kuyang'aniridwa kwamasamba. Atherosulinosis imakhudza ubongo, mtima ndi fundus kwambiri.
- Kupenda kwa mtima kwa mtima.
- Angiography.
Njira izi zimathandizira kuzindikira kutuluka kwa zotupa ndi momwe wodwalayo alili. Komanso, kuzindikira kwake kuyenera kuzindikiritsa njira zina zomwe zingayambitse matendawa.
Pambuyo popanga matenda, dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala apadera, omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa zizindikirazo, kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, muyenera kutsatira moyo wina. Ndipo sizitengera muyeso wogonja. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kusiya kusuta fodya ndikuledzera.
Zimafunikira kuti zibweretse masewera, chifukwa masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamitsempha yamagazi ndipo amathandizira kupewa zovuta za atherosulinosis.
Kudya kwa cholesterol yayikulu kumaphatikizapo:
- kukana mafuta, yokazinga, kusuta;
- kukana zakudya zamchere;
- kuchuluka kwa zipatso muzakudya;
- kuchepa kwa zakudya za nyama;
- nyama zamafuta zimayenera kusinthidwa ndi mafuta azamasamba;
- kumwa madzi oyera ambiri;
- kuletsa zakudya kuchuluka kwa tiyi, khofi.
Mukafunsidwa kuti mutha kukhala ndi atherosulinosis kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji, palibe yankho lenileni. Zonse zimatengera kufunitsitsa kwa munthu kuti akhale wathanzi. Ngati wodwalayo akonza zakudya zake ndikuthandizira njira yoyenera yamankhwala, ndiye kuti palibe funso la zovuta zake. Nthawi yabwino yolumikizana ndi katswiri. Ngati malingaliro a madokotala atanyalanyazidwa, ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe wodwala amamwa, palibe zotsatira popanda njira yophatikizika.
Akatswiri azikakambirana za atherosulinosis mu kanema munkhaniyi.
