Matenda a gestational ndi matenda ashuga omwe amapezeka mwa mkazi nthawi yapakati. Kuunikaku kungawonekenso kwa amayi apakati omwe alibe "matenda opatsirana" kwathunthu, koma kulekerera kwa glucose, ndiko kuti, prediabetes. Monga lamulo, amayi apakati amawonjezera shuga wamagazi atatha kudya, ndipo pamimba yopanda kanthu imakhalabe yachilendo.
Matenda a shuga ochitika m'mimba ndi chizindikiro chakuti mkazi ali ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda osokoneza bongo amadziwika mu theka lachiwiri la mimba ndipo amadutsa pambuyo pobadwa. Kapena mayi atha kukhala ndi pakati pomwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Nkhani yakuti "Matenda Ovuta Kubereka" imafotokoza zoyenera kuchita ngati mayi ali ndi matenda ashuga asanatenge pathupi. Mulimonsemo, cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndi chimodzimodzi - kusunga magazi pafupi ndi abwinobwino kuti abereke mwana wathanzi.
Momwe mungadziwire kuopsa kwa mayi matenda ashuga
Pafupifupi 2.0-3,5% yamilandu yonse yapakati imakhala yovuta chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Ngakhale pa gawo lokonzekera kukula kwa banja, mayi amatha kuwunika za chiwopsezo chake cha matenda ashuga. Zoyipa zake:
- kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri (kuwerengera cholembera cha thupi lanu);
- kuchuluka kwa thupi la mzimayi kudakula kwambiri patatha zaka 18;
- zaka zopitilira 30;
- pali achibale omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga;
- pa mimba yapitapo panali matenda a shuga, shuga amapezeka mkodzo kapena mwana wamkulu amabadwa;
- polycystic ovary syndrome.
Kuzindikira matenda ashuga
Amayi onse apakati pa milungu 24 ndi 28 ya bere amapatsidwa mayeso ololera pakamwa. Kuphatikiza pa kuyesedwa uku, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'madzi a m'magazi sikumangokhala pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso pambuyo 2 maola, komanso ola limodzi pambuyo "katundu". Mwanjira imeneyi amawunika matenda a shuga ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, afotokozere za chithandizo.
Kutanthauzira kwa mayeso a shuga a pakamwa pakuzindikira matenda a shuga
| Nthawi yoyesa magazi | Magazi a glucose abwinobwino, mmol / l |
|---|---|
| Pamimba yopanda kanthu | < 5,1 |
| Ola limodzi | < 10,0 |
| 2 h | < 8,5 |
Zikhala zothandiza pano kukumbukira kuti amayi apakati omwe amasala shuga m'magazi nthawi zambiri amakhalanso abwinobwino. Chifukwa chake, kuwunika kwa shuga osala kudya sikokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mayi ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti kuyeserera pakamwa kwa glucose kuyenera kuchitika pokonzekera mimba.
Kodi chiwopsezo kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndichotani?
Mokulirapo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mayi wapakati kumapitilira chizolowezi, komweko kumakhala chiwopsezo cha macrosomia. Izi zimatchedwa kukula kwambiri kwa fetal komanso kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi, komwe angapeze mu nthawi yachitatu ya mimba. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwa mutu wake ndi ubongo wake zimakhalabe zocheperako, koma lamba wamapewa lalikulu limabweretsa zovuta pakudutsa mu ngalande yobadwa.
Macrosomia imatha kudzetsa chisangalalo cha mimba isanakwane, komanso kuvutikira mwana kapena mayi panthawi yobereka. Ngati kuwunika kwa ultrasound kukuwonetsa macrosomia, pamenepo madokotala nthawi zambiri amasankha kubereka asanakwane kuti afewetse mayendedwe ake kuti apewe kubala. Kuopsa kwa machitidwe otere ndikuti ngakhale chipatso chachikulu sichingakhale chokhwima chokwanira.
Komabe, malinga ndi a American American Diabetes Association, chiwopsezo cha kufa kwa fetal ndi neonatal ndichotsika kwambiri, ndipo sichidalira shuga wa magazi a amayi oyembekezera. Komabe, mayi woyembekezera ayenera kusamala ndi magazi ake mosamala kwambiri. Momwe mungachite izi zikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Pankhani yodwala matenda a shuga, werengani nkhani ya "Matenda a shuga m'm akazi."
Phunzirani kwa iye:
- Chifukwa chiyani ndikosayenera kuyesedwa magazi kuti musala shuga.
- Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zizipanga chakudya.
- Zisintha chiyani pamene kusintha kwa kubereka kumayamba, ndi momwe angakonzekerere.
Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga
Ngati mayi woyembekezera apezeka ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti amapatsidwa chakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kuyeza shuga wake wamagazi pafupipafupi 5-6 tsiku lililonse.
Malingo a shuga a Magazi Olimbikitsidwa
| Kuwongolera shuga | Zofunika, mmol / L |
|---|---|
| Pamimba yopanda kanthu | 3,3-5,3 |
| Asanadye | 3,3-5,5 |
| Patatha ola limodzi mutadya | < 7,7 |
| Patatha maola awiri mutadya | < 6,6 |
| Asanagone | < 6,6 |
| 02:00-06:00 | 3,3-6,6 |
| Glycated hemoglobin HbA1C,% | < 6,0 |
Ngati zakudya ndi maphunziro akuthupi sizithandiza mokwanira kubwezeretsa shuga ku nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mayi woyembekezera amapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin. Kuti mumve zambiri, onani nkhani "Insulin Therapy Schemes". Kodi ndimankhwala ati a insulin omwe amakupatsirani mankhwala omwe amasankhidwa ndi dokotala woyenera, osati wodwala yekhayo.
Yang'anani! Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga a shuga sayenera kumwa panthawi yokhala ndi pakati! Ku USA, kugwiritsa ntchito metformin (siofor, glucophage) pochiza matenda amiseche kumachitika, koma a FDA (US Department of Health) samavomereza izi.
Zakudya za matenda ashuga
Kudya koyenera kwa matenda a shuga gestational ndi awa:
- muyenera kudya nthawi 5-6 patsiku, zakudya zazikulu zitatu ndi zokhwasula-khwasula;
- kusiya kotheratu kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta, zomwe zimatengedwa mwachangu (maswiti, ufa, mbatata);
- yikani magazi mosamala ndi glucometer osapweteka ola 1 mutatha kudya;
- muzakudya zanu muyenera kukhala 40-45% chakudya, mpaka mafuta 30% athanzi ndi mapuloteni 25-60%;
- kudya calorie amawerengedwa malinga ndi formula 30-35 kcal pa 1 kg ya thupi lanu labwino.
Ngati kulemera kwanu musanakhale ndi pakati pamayendedwe a kuchuluka kwa mthupi kunali kwabwinobwino, ndiye kuti phindu lochuluka panthawi ya pakati lidzakhala 11-16 kg. Ngati mayi woyembekezera wakhalapo wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti amalimbikitsidwa kuti asachotsere makilogalamu 7-8.
Malangizo kwa mayi atabereka
Ngati mudadwala matenda ashuga pakatha nthawi yomwe mwakhala ndi pakati kenako mutabereka mwana, musapumule kwambiri. Chifukwa chiopsezo choti mudzafika mudwala matenda ashuga amtundu wambiri. Gestationalabetes mellitus ndi chizindikiro kuti minofu ya thupi lanu ikulimbana ndi insulin, i.e., kusamva bwino kwa insulin.
Zapezeka kuti m'moyo wamba, kapamba wanu akugwira kale ntchito pafupi mphamvu zake. Pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, katundu wake adakula. Chifukwa chake, adaleka kuthana ndi kupanga kuchuluka kwa insulini, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka kupitirira malire apamwamba.
Ndi zaka, insulin kukana minofu ukuwonjezeka, ndipo kuthekera kwa kapamba kupanga insulin kumachepa. Izi zimatha kudzetsa matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake zam'mimba. Kwa azimayi omwe adakumana ndi matenda ashuga gestational nthawi yapakati, chiopsezo cha izi chimakulitsidwa. Chifukwa chake muyenera kuchita kupewa matenda ashuga.
Pambuyo pobereka, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyesanso matenda ashuga pambuyo pa masabata 6-12. Ngati zonse zikhala zabwinobwino, onetsetsani zaka zitatu zilizonse. Ndikofunika kuti awa atenge kuyezetsa magazi a glycated hemoglobin.
Njira zabwino zopewera matenda ashuga ndikusintha chakudya chamagulu ochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuyang'ana kwambiri zakudya zamapuloteni ndi mafuta abwinobwino achilengedwe muzakudya zanu, m'malo mwa chakudya chopatsa thanzi zomwe zimakulitsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda ashuga ndikuwononga mawonekedwe anu. Zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimapangidwa mwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera, koma zimakhala zabwino pambuyo pakutha kwa kuyamwitsa.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kupewa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Pezani mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe angakusangalatseni, ndipo chitani. Mwachitsanzo, mungakonde kusambira, kuthamanga kapena kuyendetsa ndege. Mitundu iyi ya maphunziro akuthupi imadzetsa chisangalalo chifukwa cha mafunde a "kusekerera kwamafuta".
