Galvus amatanthauza mankhwala omwe ali ndi tanthauzo la hypoglycemic. Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi Vildagliptin.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti matenda a shuga asungidwe ndipo amatengedwa ndi odwala matenda a shuga.
The zikuchokera, kumasula mawonekedwe ndi pharmacological kanthu
Njira yayikulu ya mankhwalawa ndi mapiritsi. Dzina ladziko lonse lapansi ndi Vildagliptin, dzina lamalonda ndi Galvus.
Chizindikiro chachikulu chomwera mankhwalawa ndicho kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga amitundu iwiri mwa munthu. Chidacho chimanena za mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe odwala amatenga kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi vildagliptin. Kuphatikizika kwake ndi 50 mg. Zowonjezera ndizo: magnesium stearate ndi sodium carboxymethyl. Chinthu chotsatirachi chimaphatikizanso madzi am'madzi lactose ndi cellcrystalline cellulose.
Mankhwalawa amapezeka mwa mapiritsi omwe amamwa pakamwa. Mtundu wa mapiritsiwo umachokera kuzoyera mpaka zachikaso. Pamwambapa pali miyala yozungulira komanso yosalala ndi kukhalapo kwa bevels m'mphepete. Mbali zonse ziwiri za cholembapo zalembapo: "NVR", "FB".
Galvus imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mabisiketi a 2, 4, 8 kapena 12 phukusi limodzi. Chithuza chimodzi chimakhala ndi mapiritsi 7 kapena 14 a Galvus (onani chithunzi).
Pulogalamu Vildagliptin, yomwe ndi gawo la mankhwalawa, imalimbikitsa pulogalamu ya kapamba, imachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa enzyme DPP-4 ndikukulitsa chidwi cha cells-cell ku glucose. Izi zimapangitsa kuti shuga azidalira shuga.
Kuzindikira kwa ma-cells-cell kumayenda bwino poganizira kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwawo koyamba. Kwa munthu amene alibe matenda ashuga, insulin katulutsidwe sikakhudzidwa chifukwa chomwa mankhwalawo. Thupi limasintha kayendedwe ka glucagon.
Mukamamwa Vildagliptin, milingo ya lipids m'magazi amachepetsa. Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa monga gawo la monotherapy, molumikizana ndi Metformin, chifukwa masiku 84-365 kumapangitsa kutsika kwa glucose komanso glycated hemoglobin m'magazi.
Pharmacokinetics
Mankhwala omwe amamwa pamimba yopanda kanthu amalowetsedwa mkati mwa mphindi 105. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa mukatha kudya, mayamwidwe ake amachepa ndipo amatha kufikira maola 2,5.
Vildagliptin imadziwika ndi kuyamwa mwachangu. The bioavailability wa mankhwalawa ndi 85%. The kuchuluka kwa yogwira mankhwala mu magazi zimatengera mlingo anatengedwa.
Mankhwalawa amadziwika ndi gawo lochepa kwambiri lomanga kumapuloteni a plasma. Mtengo wake ndi 9,3%.
Thupi limachotsedwa m'thupi la wodwalayo ndi biotransfform. Amakhala ndi 69% ya mlingo womwe umamwa. 4% ya mankhwalawa omwe atengedwa amakhudzidwa ndi amide hydrolysis.
85% ya mankhwala imachotsedwa m'thupi ndi impso, 15% yotsala ndi matumbo. Hafu ya moyo wa mankhwalawa ndi pafupifupi maola 2-3. Mankhwala a Vildagliptin samatengera kulemera, jenda komanso mtundu womwe munthu amene amamwa mankhwalawo ndi ake.
Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi, kuchepa kwa bioavailability kwamankhwala kumadziwika. Ndi kuphwanya kofatsa, chizindikiro cha bioavailability chimatsika ndi 8%, ndi mawonekedwe wamba - mwa 20%.
Mitundu yayikulu, chizindikiro ichi chimatsika ndi 22%. Kutsika kapena kuchuluka kwa bioavailability mkati mwa 30% ndizabwinobwino ndipo sikutanthauza kusintha kwa mlingo.
Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso monga concomitant matenda, kusintha kwa mankhwala kumafunika. Mwa anthu opitilira 65, pakuwonjezereka kwa bioavailability wa mankhwalawa ndi 32%, omwe amawoneka ngati abwinobwino. Zambiri pazamankhwala a pharmacokinetic a mankhwala mwa ana sizipezeka.
Zizindikiro ndi contraindication
Galvus amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a shuga a 2 pazochitika zotsatirazi:
- kusachita bwino kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kudya, imagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi Metformin;
- kuphatikiza ndi Insulin, Metformin, osagwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwalawa;
- Monga mankhwala amodzi, ngati wodwalayo aletsa Metformin, ngati zakudya limodzi ndi zolimbitsa thupi sizinaphule kanthu;
- kuphatikiza ndi Metformin ndi sulfonylurea zinthu, ngati chithandizo cham'mbuyomu ndi njira zomwe sizinaperekedwe sizinapatse kanthu;
- mu mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito Thiazolidinedione, Sulfonylurea ndi zotumphukira zake, Metformin, Insulin, ngati mankhwalawo ndi njira zomwe akuwonetsa padera, monga zakudya zomwe zilipo ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, sizinapereke kanthu.
Zotsatira zoyenera kumwa mankhwalawa ndi:
- lactic acidosis;
- mimba
- kuyamwitsa;
- kuchepa kwa lactase;
- mtundu 1 matenda a shuga;
- kuphwanya chiwindi;
- galactose tsankho;
- kulephera kwamtima kwa mawonekedwe a kalasi IV;
- tsankho lanu pazinthu zomwe zimapanga mankhwala;
- matenda ashuga ketoacidosis (onse pachimake komanso aakulu);
- wazaka 18.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Mlingo wa mankhwalawa zimatengera mawonekedwe a thupi la wodwala wina.
Gome la mankhwala osavomerezeka:
| Monotherapy | Kuphatikiza insulini ndi thiazolidinedione ndi metformin | Kuphatikiza ndi sulfonylurea ndi zinthu za metformin | Kuphatikiza ndi sulfonylurea (zotumphukira zake) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 mg kamodzi kapena kawiri tsiku lililonse (mlingo waukulu wa 100 mg) | 50-100 mg kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku | 100 mg patsiku | 50 mg kamodzi pa maola 24 aliwonse |
Pokhapokha kuchepa kwa ndende ya magazi kuchokera pazipita mlingo wa 100 mg, owonjezera ena othandizira a hypoglycemic amaloledwa.
Galvus siimayenderana ndi kudya. Kusintha kwa Mlingo ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso lambiri. Mlingo waukulu kwambiri uyenera kukhala 50 mg patsiku. Kwa magulu ena a odwala, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kwa mankhwala sikofunikira.
Malangizo apadera
Galvus siyikulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu otsatirawa:
- kuvutika ndi mtima kulephera kwamtundu wa kalasi IV;
- kuphwanya chiwindi;
- akudwala matenda aimpso osiyanasiyana.
Mankhwala okhazikika kwathunthu:
- azimayi oyembekezera;
- amayi oyamwitsa;
- ana ochepera zaka 18;
- odwala jaundice.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la pancreatitis pachimake, komanso odwala omwe ali ndi vuto loti amalephera kutsatira magazi.
M'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosamala odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima la III.
The munthawi yomweyo sulfonylurea ndi galvusa kungachititse hypoglycemia. Ngati ndi kotheka, sinthani mlingo.
Zotsatira zoyipa ndi bongo
Zotsatira zoyipa za kumwa mankhwalawa ndizosowa. Maonekedwe ake ndiwakanthawi kochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri safuna kuti kuthetsedwe.
Ndi monotherapy, zochitika zotsatirazi sizimadziwika kawirikawiri:
- Chizungulire
- kutupa
- kudzimbidwa
- kupweteka mutu;
- nasopharyngitis.
Mukaphatikizidwa ndi Metformin, izi ndizotheka:
- kuthawa;
- Chizungulire
- mutu.
Mukaphatikiza mankhwala ndi zinthu za sulfonylurea, izi ndizotheka:
- kudzimbidwa
- Chizungulire
- nasopharyngitis;
- mutu.
Mukaphatikizidwa ndi insulin, izi ndizotheka:
- asthenia;
- kutsegula m'mimba
- hypoglycemia;
- kuzizira
- kupweteka mutu;
- chisangalalo;
- kufuna kusanza.
Ndi makonzedwe amodzi omwe amapezeka ndi thiazolidinedione, zotupa zam'mphepete komanso kuchuluka kwa kulemera zimachitika. Nthawi zina, urticaria, kapamba ndi hepatitis kawirikawiri siziwadziwika pambuyo pa makonzedwe.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri nthawi zina amabweretsa kutentha, kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kutupa.
Zizindikiro zofananazo zimachitika pamene 400 mg ya Galvus imadyedwa masana. 200 mg ya mankhwala nthawi zambiri amaloledwa ndi odwala. Pa mlingo wa 600 mg, wodwalayo amatha kutupa kokwanira, pomwe mulingo wa myoglobin ndi ma enzymes ena angapo a magazi amawonjezeka.
Zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathetsedwa bwino atasiya kumwa mankhwalawa.
Kuyanjana Ndi Mankhwala Ndi Analogi
Mankhwalawa amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa mankhwala omwe amakupatsani mwayi, womwe umakulolani kuti mumwe mankhwalawo pamodzi ndi ma enzyme osiyanasiyana ndi zoletsa zina.
Mukamamwa pamodzi ndi Warfarin, Amlodipine, Glibenclamide, Digoxin, palibe kuyanjana kwakukulu mwamagulu komwe kunakhazikitsidwa pakati pa mankhwalawa ndi Galvus.
Galvus ali ndi fanizo zotsatirazi:
- Vildagliptin;
- Vipidia;
- Galvus Met;
- Onglisa;
- Trazenta;
- Januvius.
Galvus Met amakhalanso ndi mayendedwe apakhomo, omwe mwa iwo: Glimecomb, Combogliz Prolong, Avandamet.
Kanema pazomwe zimachitika, chithandizo ndi kupewa matenda ashuga:
Malingaliro a madotolo
Kuchokera pakuwunika kwa madotolo, titha kunena kuti Galvus ilandiridwa bwino ndi odwala onse, koma kulimba kwake kofowoka komanso kufunika kowonjezereka kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kumadziwika.
Galvus adakhala ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ku Russia. Malondawa ndi othandiza komanso oteteza. Galvus imalekeredwa bwino ndi odwala, ili ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha hypoglycemia. Ndiwofunika kwambiri kwa odwala okalamba, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa impso mu ukalamba. Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti Galvus ikhoza kutengedwa ngati gawo la nephroprotective therapy.
Mikhaleva O.V., endocrinologist
Ngakhale kuli ndi katundu wabwino wa Galvus, yomwe imakhala yochepetsera kulemera kwa odwala, kuchepa kwake kwa shuga kumakhala kochepa. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amafunikira kudya pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena a hypoglycemic.
Shvedova A.M., endocrinologist
Mtengo wa ndalama m'magawo osiyanasiyana umachokera ku 734-815 rubles. Analogue yayikulu yamankhwala (Galvus Met) ili mdera la 1417-1646 rubles.
