Mfundo za zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zakudya za matenda amitundu iwiri

Matenda a Endocrine, limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, amabweretsa njira zawo zodziwikiratu ku moyo wa mtundu woyamba wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga. Kukula kwakukulu, izi zimagwira ntchito poletsa zakudya.

Kusintha zakudya ndi zakudya zomwe zikugwirizana zimathandizira kuti shuga azikhala bwino komanso kuti azichotsa mapaundi owonjezera, lomwe ndi vuto lofunika kwambiri kwa amayi.

Kusiyana kwa Mtundu 1 ndi Matenda A 2

Pali magawo awiri a shuga. Mitundu yonseyi imayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a kusokonezeka kwa metabolic mu endocrine system ndikuyenda ndi wodwalayo mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo.

Matenda a shuga amtundu wa 1 sakhala wamba komanso amadziwika ndi insulin yokwanira yomwe amachokera ku kapamba. Kuthekera kwa kulowa kwa glucose m'maselo a ziwalo zimatengera timadzi tomwe timatulutsa timadzi timene thupi limalandira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lisalandire mphamvu yofunikira pamoyo, ndipo glucose imadziunjikira kwambiri m'magazi.

Mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga ndi matenda obadwa nawo monga endocrine. Mtundu woyamba wa odwala matenda ashuga, maselo a kapamba amawonongeka, omwe thupi limatenga ndikunja ndikuwononga. Kuti akhale ndi vuto pakati pa shuga ndi insulini, odwala amakakamizidwa kuperekera mahomoni pafupipafupi ndikuwunika shuga wawo. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amakhala ochepa thupi komanso amanenepa kwambiri.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, insulini imapangidwa muyezo wovomerezeka, koma pamenepa, kulowa kwa glucose m'maselo kumakhalanso kovuta, chifukwa maselo samazindikiranso mahomoni ndipo, chifukwa chake, samayankha. Vutoli limatchedwa insulin kukana. Glucose sasinthika kukhala mphamvu, koma imangokhala m'magazi ngakhale ndi insulin yokwanira.

Odwala safunika kuperekera insulin pafupipafupi komanso kusintha mashuga amwazi ndi mankhwala komanso kudya mosamalitsa. Pazifukwa zochizira, odwala oterewa amawonetsedwa kuchepa thupi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena mitundu ina ya zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Koma amayeneranso kuyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Jakisoni wa insulini angafunike pakati pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, ndi matenda a mtima, pakagwidwa ndi hyperglycemia, asanachitidwe opareshoni.

Matenda a Type 1 ndi 2 ndi osachiritsika ndipo ali ndi zofanana:

1. Ludzu losagonjetseka ndi pakamwa louma. Odwala amatha kumwa mpaka malita 6 amadzi patsiku.
2. Pafupipafupi komanso potulutsa mkodzo wambiri. Maulendo aku chimbudzi amachitika kangapo pa 10 pa tsiku.
3. Kutha kwa khungu. Khungu limakhala louma komanso lotuwa.
4. Kuchulukitsa chilakolako.
5. Kuluma kumawoneka pathupi ndipo kumakulitsa thukuta.

Mtundu woyamba 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 wodwala mellitus, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse ngozi - chiwopsezo cha hyperglycemia, chomwe chimafuna jakisoni wofulumira wa insulin.

Zambiri pakusiyana kwa mitundu ya matenda ashuga pazinthu kanema:

Mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wathanzi, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amapatsidwa zakudya zapadera za chakudya - tebulo nambala 9. Chomwe chimatithandizira kusiya kudya shuga, mafuta ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chambiri.

Pali malangizo oyenera okhudza matenda ashuga a 2:

1. Masana, muyenera kudya osachepera 5. Osadumpha chakudya komanso kupewa kufa ndi njala.
2. Kutumiza sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu, kudya kwambiri sikuyenera. Muyenera kudzuka patebulo ndikumva njala.
3. Pambuyo pazakudya zomaliza, mutha kupita kukagona pasanadutse maola atatu pambuyo pake.
4. Osamadya masamba okha. Ngati mukufuna kudya, mutha kumwa kapu ya kefir.Mapuloteni amafunikira kuti thupi lipange maselo ndi minofu yatsopano, ndipo chakudya chamafuta chimapatsa mphamvu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yake ikuyenda bwino. Mafuta ayenera kupezekanso mu zakudya.
5. Masamba amayenera kukhala theka la kuchuluka kwa mbale, voliyumu yotsalayo imagawidwa pakati pa zinthu zamapuloteni ndi chakudya chamagulu.
6. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala ndi 1200-1400 kcal ndipo zimakhala ndi mapuloteni 20%, 50% chakudya ndi mafuta 30%. Ndi zochulukirapo zolimbitsa thupi, kuchuluka kwa kalori kumawukanso.
7. Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi chisonyezo chotsika cha glycemic ndipo musazipatula zomwe zili ndi GI yayikulu komanso yapakatikati.
8. Sungani madzi mosamala ndikumwa kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 2 malita a madzi tsiku lililonse, kupatula supu, tiyi ndi timadziti.
9. Mwa njira zophikira, perekani zokonda pakuwotcha ndi kutumizirana. Kuphika kumaloledwa nthawi zina. Sizoletsedwa mwachangu kudya mafuta.
10. Pimani glucose musanadye komanso pambuyo chakudya.
11. Idyani michere yambiri, imapatsa kumverera kwathunthu komanso bwino kugaya.
12. Shuga m'mbale umalowetsedwa ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe (stevia, fructose, xylitol).
13. Zakudya zamafuta ndi zophika sizololedwa kupitiliza kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata.
14. Musaiwale za kutenga mavitamini.

Kuletsa kokhazikika kumakhala kovuta kutsatira poyamba, koma posakhalitsa zakudya zoyenera zimakhala chizolowezi ndipo sizibweretsanso zovuta. Kuwona kusintha kwa thanzi, pali cholimbikitsidwa chotsatira zamakhalidwe azakudya patsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mopambanitsa zakudya zamafuta pang'ono ndi pang'ono pang'ono (ma 150 ml) a vinyo wouma kapena 50 ml ya zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndizololedwa.

Chinanso chothandiza pakuphatikiza chakudya ndicho kuwonjezera mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi: kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda mokwanira, kusambira, kusambira, kuyendetsa njinga.

Zinthu Zowonetsedwa

Zakudyazo zimatengera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zomwe sizikhala ndi mafuta a nyama, shuga ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri.

Odwala ndi sah. matenda a shuga mu zakudya ayenera kupezeka monga zigawo zikuluzikulu:

• masamba omwe ali ndi fiber yambiri (kabichi yoyera ndi kabichi ya Beijing, tomato, amadyera, dzungu, letesi, biringanya ndi nkhaka);
• Azungu kapena mazira ophika. Maolks amaloledwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata.
• mkaka ndi mkaka mafuta ochepa;
• maphunziro oyamba okhala ndi nyama kapena nsomba samaloledwa kupitiliranso kawiri pa sabata;
• nyama yophika, yophika kapena yophika nyama, nkhuku kapena nsomba zamitundu yamafuta ochepa;
• balere, buluwheat, oatmeal, balere ndi tirigu wonenepa;
• pasitala wochepa wopangidwa ndi tirigu wa durum ndi wochepa;
• rye kapena buledi wonse wa tirigu osaposa magawo atatu pa sabata;
• zopukutira zowuma zopanda makeke ndi makeke kuchokera ku rye, oat, ufa wa buckwheat osaposa kawiri pa sabata;
• zipatso zopanda zipatso ndi zipatso zotsika mtengo (zipatso za zipatso, maapulo, plums, yamatcheri, kiwis, lingonberry);
• mchere wopanda mchere wa madzi, khofi ndi tiyi wopanda shuga wowonjezera, mwatsopano wopaka kuchokera ku masamba, masamba a zipatso zouma popanda shuga;
• nsomba zam'madzi (squid, shrimp, mussels);
• seaweed (kelp, kale kale);
• mafuta a masamba (marara wopanda mafuta, maolivi, sesame, chimanga ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa).

Katundu Woletsedwa

Zakudya tebulo nambala 9 zilibe kuphatikiza izi:

• zopangidwa zamzitini, kuzifutsa ndi kusuta;
• zinthu zomalizidwa kuchokera ku nyama, chimanga, pasitala, zakudya zopumira mwachangu, kuphika mbale zachisanu ndi chakudya mwachangu;
• ndizoletsedwa kudya nkhumba, mwanawankhosa, nyama ya nkhuku, kupatula nkhuku (khungu la nkhuku ndichinthu chamafuta kwambiri ndipo imayenera kuchotsedwa), offal (impso, lilime, chiwindi);
• soseji yophika ndi yosuta, soseji, ma pie, mafuta anyama;
• zonunkhira zotentha, zokometsera ndi msuzi (mpiru, ketchup);
• makeke ndi mkate wopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu;
• zinthu zotsekemera zamkaka zotsekemera (mkaka wopindika, curd misa, tchizi cha curd ndi chokoleti chokoleti, yogurts ya zipatso, ayisikilimu, kirimu wowawasa ndi zonona);
• kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri masamba omwe ali ndi wowuma komanso chakudya chochuluka (kaloti, mbatata, beets). Izi zimayenera kuwonekera patebulo pafupi kawiri pa sabata.
• pasitala, mpunga ndi semolina;
• zoumba, zipatso zamzitini mu madzi, zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso (nthochi, zipatso za mphesa, madeti, mapeyala);
• chokoleti, mchere ndi zophika zonona ndi zonona, maswiti;
• kuchepetsa zakudya za uchi ndi mtedza;
• msuzi wamafuta, tchizi ndi mafuta a nyama (mayonesi, adjika, tchizi, feta, batala);
• zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi shuga, timadziti tampaka, khofi wamphamvu ndi tiyi;
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Zosintha zamasabata sabata

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa tsiku lililonse.

Zakudya zoperekedwa pagome, osakhala ndi shuga, osakhala ndi kalori yochepera komanso njira yovomerezeka yamagulu osokoneza bongo, ndipo osatenga nthawi yambiri kukonzekera:

Mutha kutsatira mndandanda wamlungu uno wa anthu athanzi omwe akufuna kudya moyenera komanso ndi thanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya zakudya zabwino motere kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse thupi popanda kumangokhalira kumva njala. Zakudya zimatha kusinthidwa ku kukoma kwanu, kutsatira mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya.

Kanema wabwino wa odwala matenda ashuga:

Ngati zakudya zosinthidwa zimaphatikizidwa ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, ndiye, kuwonjezera pa kutaya ma kilogalamu, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsika ndipo mitsempha ya magazi imayeretsedwa ndi cholesterol.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba amafunika kugwirizanitsa chakudya ndi dokotala wawo kuti apewe zovuta. Chenjezo liyenera kugwira ntchito pazoletsa izi komanso amayi apakati.