Zimayambitsa kagayidwe kachakudya matenda ndi njira zake mankhwalawa

"Yoyipa kwambiri", yotchedwa zovuta za matenda omwe amayenda ndi metabolic syndrome.

Popanda kusintha kwa moyo komanso chithandizo chokwanira, zotsatira za matenda zimatha kukhala mazira am'mimba, vuto la mtima, stroke, matenda a shuga, ischemia, gout ndi atherosclerosis.

Kodi zimayambitsa kusintha kwanji mthupi, ndizomwe zimayambitsa, ndipo tingatani kuti boma lisathere?

Kodi metabolic syndrome ndi chiani?

Kuphatikizika kwa kusokonezeka kwa metabolism ya endocrine m'thupi lomwe limakhudzana ndi kukanika kwa ma cell receptors komanso insulin yokwanira amatchedwa metabolic syndrome. Ndi chiyani, chilankhulo chosavuta sichovuta kufotokoza.

Mu thupi lathanzi, mutatha kudya, glucose amapangidwa m'chiwindi ndikufalikira ndi magazi ake kupita kuzinthu zangazi. Zikondazo zimatulutsa insulini. Hormayo imapangitsa kuti membala wam'magazi alandire glucose, chifukwa chomwe glucose imalowa m'maselo, pomwe amasinthidwa mphamvu.

Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zina za causative, chiwopsezo cha ma cellular receptors ku mahoni chimachepa, kuyamwa kwa shuga ndikovuta, ndipo kumayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi. Kupanda kuyankha kwa ma insulin kumatchedwa insulin kukaniza ndipo chifukwa chake, izi zokhudzana ndi pathological zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zazikulu. Malinga ndi ICD 10, matendawa samadziwika ngati matenda odziyimira pawokha ndipo amatha kutsagana ndi matenda ena.

Nthawi zambiri, ndikuphwanya kumeneku, ma pathologies angapo amadziwika:

• ischemia;
• Type 2 matenda a shuga;
• kunenepa
• matenda oopsa

Ndi kuphatikiza kwamatenda kumeneku, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosclerosis, stroke kapena vuto la mtima kumawonjezeka kwambiri.

Metabolic syndrome sangathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala amatha kukonza zovuta za metabolic komanso kupewa kupezeka kwamavuto.

Limagwirira ndi zoyambitsa chitukuko

The pathogenesis of the syndrome ndikuti ayimitse ma cellular kuyankha kwa insulin chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa thupi ndikulephera kuyenda. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi theka la anthu onse ku Europe, posankha moyo wongokhala, amangochita zachilengedwe.

Kasitomala amalandira chizindikiro chakuti glucose samalowetsedwa m'maselo ndikuyamba kupanga insulin ndi kubwezera. Zotsatira zake, mahomoni amadziunjikira kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa metabolidi ya lipid komanso kukula msanga kwa kunenepa kwambiri.

Zotsatira zake, thupi limadziunjikira cholesterol yowonjezera, yomwe imatchinga mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonjezera kukakamizidwa. Zotsatira zake, zochitika za mtima zimasokonekera. Kuchulukana m'magazi, shuga kumayambitsa vuto la kuperewera kwa mapuloteni ndipo kumayambitsa hyperglycemia.

Kusintha kwa ma pathological konseku kumapita pang'onopang'ono, osawonetsa zizindikiro zotchulidwa, zomwe zimasokoneza kuzindikira koyambirira kwa mapangidwe a matenda a pathological.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a zam'mimba amapezeka mwa amuna atatha zaka 40. Akazi amatenga matendawa atakwanitsa zaka 50.

Kuphatikiza pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kudzutsira matendawa:

1. Zakudya zopanda thanzi - chizolowezi chakudya chofatsa, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zosakwana 1 kcal patsiku, zimabweretsa chikhumbo chovuta cha thupi kuyika ma calorie onse omwe amabwera kuchokera pachakudya. Chakudya chomwe chili ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri komanso zomanga thupi zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso ku lipid "m'malo osungirako". Zakudya zotsika mtengo zochepa komanso zowonjezera kalori zimapangitsa kusokonekera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya komanso kuchepetsa mphamvu ya maselo.
2. Herederal factor - yoperekedwa ndi cholowa, mtundu wosinthika umayambitsa:
   • kusintha kwa ma cell momwe ma cell okwanira amapangidwira;
   • kuchepa kwa receptor poyankha ku insulin;
   • kulephera kwa kapamba kuti apange mahomoni "abwinobwino";
   • kulephera kwa chitetezo chathupi, chomwe chimayamba kupanga mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya receptor.
3. Kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa testosterone mwa akazi ndi kuchepa kwa izo mwa amuna, komanso kusokonezeka kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumatsogolera pakuwonekera kwa maselo a lipid ndi insulin.
4. Kugona tulo - kuwonongeka kwa ubongo chifukwa cha njala ya okosijeni kumathandizira kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni omwe amachepetsa chidwi cha ma cell.
5. Mankhwala okhala ndi mahomoni ndi corticosteroid mankhwala.
6. Kupanikizika kwamitsempha - kufalikira kwa mitsempha, komwe kumachepetsa kupanga kwa mahomoni ndi receptor receptor.
7. Matenda osagwirizana - amapangitsa kuti mpweya uzikhala ndi minofu, yomwe imakhudza ma cell.
8. Kupitilira muyeso ya mahomoni panthawi ya mankhwala a insulin - mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi amathandizira kuti maselo a cell azikhala ndi insulin.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa matendawa

The pathophysiology ya matendawa imasonyezeratu kupezeka kwa matchulidwe, kulola chidwi chake pa nthawi yake.

Mowoneka, matendawa amadziwonetsera ngati akusintha:

• kuwoneka kwamafuta am'mimba am'mimba (m'mapewa, khosi, m'mimba ndi m'chiuno);
• redness imawonedwa pachifuwa ndi khosi, chifukwa cha kuphwanya magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi (zoposa 130/85).

Zodandaula za wodwala zimatengera mawonekedwe a zotsatirazi:

• kupweteka mtima;
• migraine akuukira;
• kutuluka thukuta, makamaka usiku;
• kufooka, ulesi komanso kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito;
• chimbudzi, mseru komanso zovuta pakudziyimira;
• kuchuluka kwa maswiti;
• kuyanika kwa mucous nembanemba wamkamwa ndi kuchuluka ludzu kumawonedwa;
• kugunda kwa mtima kukuchuluka;
• kutayika kwa mgwirizano;
• kusakhazikika, kuchita ukali komanso kuwonetsa kwina kwa kusakhazikika kwa malingaliro.

Mavuto ndi zotsatirapo zake

Kukula kwakanthawi komanso kosasunthika, patatha zaka 10-15 kuyambira pachiwonetsero cha zovuta za endocrine, metabolic syndrome imayambitsa kuchepa kwa ntchito zogonana komanso kubereka. Mwa amuna, motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda, kusokonekera kwa erectile kumawonedwa, mwa azimayi, matenda amtunduwu amayambitsa mavuto ndi kutenga pakati.

Kuphatikiza apo, matendawa amakhala ndi zowonongeka pakuyenda kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima, limodzi ndi shuga osakhazikika, chifukwa chomwe chitukuko cha matenda owopsa monga:

• gout
• kulephera kwa mtima;
• vuto la mtima;
• mtundu 2 shuga;
• atherosulinosis;
• sitiroko;
• ischemia;
• polycystic ovary.

Matenda ambiri amawopseza moyo wa wodwalayo.

Diagnostic diagnostic

Kuzindikira matendawa kumayamba ndikusonkha wodwala zambiri. Zizolowezi, moyo, zokonda zam'mimba, zodandaula ndi matenda ena okhudzana, matenda a shuga mellitus pakati pa abale, zonsezi, kuphatikiza ndikuwunika, zitha kuvomereza katswiri kuti apereke chithunzi chokwanira cha thanzi la wodwalayo.

Onetsetsani kuti mukuyezera kupanikizika, onani khungu lanu la kupezeka kwa ma cellulite ndi zilembo zotambasuka, kudziwa chizolowezi chambiri kunenepa. Njira zoyeserera kulemera kambiri zidzakhala deta yomwe imapezeka mukayezera kutalika, kulemera, kuzungulira m'chiuno ndi m'mimba komanso kuchuluka kwa izi.

Chifukwa chake, kukhalapo kwa kunenepa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zotere:

• kunenepa kwam'mimba, ndikugawa kwamafuta m'mimba, m'chiuno ndi khosi;
• m'chiuno choposa 88 masentimita mwa akazi ndi 100 cm mwa amuna;
• cholowa m'chiuno chopingidwa ndi gawo la m'chiuno choposa 1 mwa odwala amuna ndi 0,8 mwa akazi.

Mapulogalamu ambiri a labotale ndi othandizira amachitidwa:

• magazi ndi mkodzo wakupezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol (osakwana 5 mmol / l), triglycerides (pamwambapa 1.7 mmol / l), lipoproteins yayitali komanso yotsika kwambiri, insulin (yopitilira 6,6 mmol / l), glucose (oposa 6 mmol / l) ndi leptin (oposa 15 ng / ml);
• sonography ndi electrocardiography yamtima;
• polysomnography;
• kupimidwa kwa ultrasound kwa chithokomiro;
• CT kapena MRI ya pituitary gland;
• CT adrenal glands;
• kuwunika kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mfundo zachithandizo

Zotsatira zamankhwala zokhudzana ndi matenda zimayambira pa mankhwalawa kunenepa kwambiri, kubwezeretsa mayankho a cell ku insulin, kuchepa kwa ndende ya glucose komanso matenda othamanga.

Choyamba chimachitika ndi kupanga zakudya zopangidwa kuti muchepetse kunenepa komanso kuwonjezera ntchito zamagalimoto. Kuti muchepetse kukana kwa insulini, mankhwala othandizira amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kuwonjezeka kwa chidwi cha zolandilira maselo ku mahomoni.

Kukonzekera

Chithandizo chokwanira chamankhwala chimaphatikizapo mankhwala otsatirawa:

• ACE inhibitors ndi calcium antagonists - amachepetsa ma spasms ndikuchepetsa mitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikulimbitsa minofu yamtima (Valsartan, Felodipine, Captopril);
• chilakolako chopondera - zimakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje, kuwononga kumverera kwa njala (Sibutramine, Fluoxetine);
• zoletsa zomwe zimachepetsa mayamwidwe amafuta - zimakhudza ma michere, kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa khoma lamatumbo (Orlistat, Xenical);
• fibrate ndi ma statins - kutsika kwa uric acid ndikuchepetsa kupanga cholesterol (Fenofibrate, Lovastatin, Simvastatin);
• mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu (Caffeine, Sibutramine);
• mavitamini - kusintha mayamwidwe shuga mu minofu ya mafupa, sinthani chiwindi ntchito, zimakhudza cholesterol kagayidwe (alpha-lipon);
• mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa kukhudzika kwa mahomoni - kusintha kukhudzidwa kwa ma cell receptors, kupanga shuga m'munsi mu chiwindi (Glucofage);
• mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kukana kwa insulini - gwiritsani ntchito ma cell receptor, kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha timadzi ta m'magazi ndipo amathandizira kuti mayamwidwe abwino a shuga mu minofu (Metformin).

Ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwala a mtima (Bisoprolol, Metoprolol) ndi omwe amapatsidwa.

Kuwongolera kwamoyo

Kuyambitsidwa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi m'moyo wanu kumayenda bwino ndi kayendedwe ka magazi ndi mtima, kumathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa komanso kulimbitsa minofu, kuthamangitsa ndikubwezeretsanso njira za metabolic, kukulitsa chidwi cha ma cell receptors ku insulin.

Ndondomeko yamakalasi iyenera kukhala yokhazikika, ndipo mitundu ya zochitika zolimbitsa thupi imasankhidwa potengera zaka ndi thanzi.

Ndibwino kuti okalamba ndi omwe akudwala matenda a mtima azitha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira kapena kuyenda maulendo ataliatali.

Achichepere komanso athanzi ndizomwe amayendetsa njinga, kuthamanga, kupalasa, kuphunzitsa mphamvu, kuyendetsa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuvina.

Ndi kuthinikizidwa kwambiri kapena shuga, pamaso pa impso kapena matenda a mtima, zolimba zolimbitsa thupi zimatsutsana. Zikatero, mutha kuyenda pang'onopang'ono m'njira yogwirira ntchito, kusambira, kukwera ndege ziwiri kapena zitatu popanda kukweza, kusinthira miyendo, kuluka ndi miyendo yolimbitsa thupi.

Zakudya zoyenera

Kusintha kwa zakudya kuyenera kutsatira mfundo za kadyedwe - zakudya zochepa zamafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta.

Zakudya zosafunikira:

• pasitala, oatmeal, mpunga woyera, semolina;
• kusuta zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, mafuta anyama, soseji ndi zakudya zamzitini;
• nyama yakudya bakha, mwanawankhosa, nkhumba;
• mafuta a nyama (batala, margarine);
• makeke ndi zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi shuga wambiri (makeke, maswiti, makeke);
• ketchup, mayonesi, mpiru, adjika, masamba azonunkhira ndi zokometsera;
• zosefukira zotsekemera ndi koloko wokoma;
• zinthu zamkaka zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri (curd, kirimu, yogurt wokoma, zonona wowawasa);
• zipatso zokoma (mphesa, zoumba, nthochi).

Maziko azakudya ayenera kukhala:

• nkhuku zamafuta ochepa, nsomba ndi nyama;
• mbewu zonse ndi ufa wa rye;
• mpunga wa bulauni, burwheat, barele ya ngale;
• 1% mkaka ndi mkaka;
• mazira katatu pa sabata (mazira owiritsa kapena osenda);
• soseji kawiri pa sabata;
• masamba abwino komanso masamba okhala ndi fiber yambiri, zipatso zopanda zipatso;
• msuzi wamasamba ndi phala, msuzi wamafuta ochepa;
• kabichi wowawasa;
• mwatsopano opaka timadziti ndi tiyi wopanda mphamvu wopanda shuga;
• tchizi chamafuta ochepa;
• chokoleti chakuda, uchi, zakudya zotsekemera ndi zotsekemera;
• kvass, compote, odzola, zipatso decoctions popanda shuga;
• malita awiri amadzi tsiku lililonse ndi chikhalidwe china chofunikira cha metabolism yabwino.

Kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zokhazikika, zakudya zoterezi ziyenera kukhala njira ya moyo. Kuletsa kwakanthawi kochepa, monga zakudya zamagulu ochepa zopatsa mphamvu, kumabweretsa zotsatira zazifupi komanso kuwononga thanzi.

Zakudya zanjala zimapanikizika thupi, ndipo kusowa kwa mapuloteni, michere ndi mavitamini kumayambitsa matenda amtima, impso ndi m'mimba. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu zamagalimoto, ngati zimadyedwa tsiku lililonse kuyambira 1,500 mpaka 2000 kcal, zimakupatsani mwayi woti muchotse pang'onopang'ono mapaundi owonjezera osakumana ndi njala.

Vidiyo pazomwe zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo cha matenda:

Kupewa

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a metabolic ndi kusowa kochita zolimbitsa thupi, zolakwika zolemetsa komanso zopatsa thanzi.

Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chamadwala, muyenera kupatula izi:

1. Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zingachepetse chidwi chanu. Ikhoza kukhala masamba otentha ndi soseji, zokometsera ndi zonunkhira (mpiru, adyo, horseradish, adjika, tsabola wakuda ndi wofiira).
2. Osapanga nthawi yayitali pakudya. Kumva njala kwanthawi yayitali kumabweretsa chakuti chakudya chambiri chimadyedwa.
3. Osamadya asanagone. M'maloto, kagayidwe kake kamachepa ndipo chakudya chimakayilidwa bwino, chomwe chimayankha kwambiri m'mimba komanso mafuta ochulukirapo pamimba.
4. Chepetsani zotumizira. Zakudya zambiri zimadyedwa nthawi imodzi, zimatulutsa m'mimba ndikuyambitsa kutulutsa ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
5. Pewani zakudya zomwe zikuchitika nthawi yomweyo komanso zakudya zachangu. Zakudya izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi mafuta komanso mafuta ochulukirapo ambiri.
6. Kanani chikomokere komanso uchidakwa. Mowa umakhala ndi caloric ndipo umapangitsa kuti munthu azilakalaka, pomwe chikonga chimayambitsa vasospasm komanso kusokoneza magazi.
7. Pitani m'masewera. Kulembetsa mu kalabu yolimbitsa thupi, kusambira, kuyenda, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kunyumba. Kuyenda kwamtundu uliwonse kumathandiza kuti magazi azithamanga, kuthamangitsa kagayidwe kake komanso kupewa kunenepa kwambiri.
8. Kuyendera kusamba kapena njira yochezerako kumathandizira kuchepa kwamafuta ochulukirapo.
9. Mumakayezetsa kuchipatala chaka chilichonse. Izi zikuthandizira kudziwa kukula kwa matenda ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi cholesterol.