Mtundu wa shuga wodalira insulin umapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusatha kwa maselo a pancreatic kuti apange insulin. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda amtundu 1 zapezeka, ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala nthawi yake. The endocrinologist, atachita mozama mayeso a carbohydrate kagayidwe m'thupi, athandizira kukhazikitsa kuwongolera matendawa. M'malo ojambula akatswiri pali mankhwala, zida zoyezera. Zakudya zamagulu ndi magawo a masewera olimbitsa thupi adapangidwa, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe wodwalayo amatha kufikira moyo wabwino.
Kodi kunyalanyaza zizindikilo za chiyani?
Chowoneka cha matenda osokoneza bongo chimakhala chakuti mwina kwa zaka zingapo sipangakhale zodziwikiratu za matenda a endocrine. Nthawi yomweyo, njira zowonongeka (zowonongeka) mthupi sizima chifukwa chakulephera kwa kabohaidi komanso mitundu ina ya kagayidwe (mafuta, mapuloteni). Mavuto a kulekerera kwa glucose a maselo amadziwika pakaunikiridwa matenda a pakhungu, mano, dongosolo la genitourinary, panthawi yopima mankhwala. Kapena, mosiyana, zochitika mu thupi zimayamba mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti matendawa amapangidwa kuchipatala kwa wodwala yemwe ali kale ndi vuto loti atha.
Akatswiri amasiyanitsa mitundu ingapo ya chikomokere. Mpaka 30% ya odwala omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amapezeka mwa odwala omwe amavomerezedwa kuzipatala ndi ketoacidosis. Ketoacidemic coma imawoneka ndi milingo yayikulu yotseketsa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali. Mthupi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mahomoni a kapamba - insulin, amachepetsa kwambiri. Matupi a Ketone (acetone) amadziunjikira.
Ndi kuphwanya zakudya (kuchuluka kwa njala) kapena kuchuluka kwa insulin, yoyendetsedwa kuchokera kunja, magazi a m'magazi amachepetsa kwambiri (osakwana 3.3 mmol / l). Hypoglycemic coma imayamba. Wodwala amatha, kwakanthawi, asakhale chikomokere. Coma ndi zotsatira zoyipa chifukwa chonyalanyaza zizindikiro za matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Kubweretsa iye kwa iye ndiwopseza kwambiri moyo.
Kuwonetsedwa kwa chithunzi chozizwitsa
Odwala omwe ali ndi endocrinological matenda amadandaula:
- ludzu kwambiri (polydipsia) - patsiku mpaka 10 l;
- kulakalaka kudya (polyphagy);
- kukodza pafupipafupi, makamaka usiku (polyuria) - patsiku mpaka 10 malita.
Zizindikiro zitatu za hyperglycemia (shuga m'magazi) zimawerengedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri - zimawonetsa. Amadziwikanso kuti class.
Malizitsani chithunzichi:
- kuchepa thupi (madigiri osiyanasiyana, kawirikawiri lakuthwa);
- kutuluka kwa chizolowezi chotenga matenda (periodontal matenda, furunculosis), matenda a fungal (misomali, maliseche akunja);
- chifukwa cha pakamwa kowuma pamakhala mavuto amkamwa (kutaya magazi m'kamwa, kumasula mano, kupangira zolembera, mwala);
- kuchiritsa bwino zilonda zapakhungu (mabala, zipsera);
- kupweteka mumtima ndi minofu ya ng'ombe.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za hyperglycemia
Onjezerani zomwe wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga:
- kugona
- chisamaliro chododometsa, kukumbukira;
- kufooka kwathunthu kokula mthupi lonse;
- kuchepa kwodziwika kwa kulumala.
Mwazi wamagazi ambiri umakhudza gawo logonana. Amuna amadziwa kufooka kwa potency, azimayi - libido.
Zimayambitsa ndi limagwirira a chitukuko cha zizindikiro
"Kupita" ndikutanthauzira kwenikweni kwa matenda ashuga odziwika kuyambira kale. Ndi kusowa kapena kusowa kwa insulini m'thupi, maselo amafa ndi njala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti achepetse thupi ndikuchepa.
Ntchito yofunikira ya minyewa yamanjenje (bongo, ma neurons) sizitengera timadzi ta kapamba. Ngakhale pali insulin kapena kusapezeka kwa insulin, maselo awo amawonjezera glucose m'magazi. Ndi hyperglycemia, shuga wambiri amalowa m'mitsempha yamanjenje. Wodwalayo amamva zizindikiro za kutopa, kulemera m'mutu, kutopa msanga.
Mafuta a insulini safunikira kuti munthu alowe mkati mwa mandala a diso. Ndi shuga wambiri, wodwalayo amakhala wamaso m'maso, misozi imawoneka. Mitsempha yamagazi imapangidwa ndi zimakhala zosadalira insulini. Shuga owonjezera amadziunjikira m'magazi amkati, mkati mwa mitsempha ndi capillaries. Kusinthana kwa mpweya wophatikizira mpweya ndi kaboni diokosijeni kumadalira maselo ofiira amwazi. Chifukwa chake, thanzi la minofu yolumikizidwa imasokonekera.
Polyphagy imachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Pali chododometsa - kuchepa thupi kwa wodwalayo motsutsana ndi chidwi cha chidwi. Mu matenda akulu a shuga, chilakolako chofuna kudya chitha kutha, mpaka kudya chakudya chokwanira.
Polydipsia imayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa kwamadzi amthupi ndi mchere. Mkodzo wokhala ndi polyuria ndi wopepuka kapena wopanda utoto. Shuga amathandizidwa kudzera mu impso, motero thupi limayesetsa kudzipulumutsa ku glucose wosafunikira, yemwe ali ndi mphamvu yowononga.
Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga ku impso ndi owopsa thanzi komanso moyo wa wodwala
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda A shuga 1
Kukonzekereratu kwa kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe a insulin:
- The pathological precursors a mtundu 1 shuga amatha kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, kuchepa kwamitsempha, komanso matenda oopsa.
- Matenda a metabolic osatha amakhala obadwa nawo. Kukhazikika kwa matendawa ndi anthu omwe kholo limodzi kapena onse, omwe ndi abale ake apafupi ndi magazi, amadwala.
- Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhala ndi matenda opha ziwopsezo, kupsinjika kwakanthawi (kupsinjika kwakanthawi)
Zizindikiro zikapezeka
Choyamba, achinyamata ambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa mahomoni mu nthawi ya kutha. Chosiyana ndichakuti matendawa amatha kuchitika ndi matenda a hypoglycemia - kuchepa kwambiri kwamphamvu m'magazi a shuga.
Zizindikiro zokhala ndi shuga ochepa:
- thukuta
- kugwedeza kwa dzanja (chivomerezo chachikulu);
- chizungulire, vasospasm;
- palpitations
- dzanzi (milomo, lilime, chibwano).
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia
Zizindikiro za njala ndi kufooka wamba nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi hyperglycemia, mkhalidwe womwe umakhala ndi mitengo yambiri. Ngati wodwala wamkulu ali ndi nthawi yoti apite kwa endocrinologist, ndiye kuti ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, kuwerengera kumapita kwa mphindi. Kusokonezeka kumachitika mwa munthu. Zizindikiro za kukondwerera zimayamba kugona ndipo kusachita chidwi, gawo labwino.
Kachiwiri, kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga 1, akatswiri azachipatala amazindikira nthawi yowonekera. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu-nyengo yamaphunziro, ambiri opezeka ndi milandu amadziwika. Pa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, nyengo yonyowa, kuthekera kwa kufalikira kwamthupi ndi ma virus matenda (mumps, rubella, chikuku) kumawonjezeka.
Chachitatu, anthu omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chodwala matenda ashuga 1 ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wakakana kulandira katemera wachiwiri. Milandu yambiri idalembedwa pamene matenda amtundu wa endocrine amakula akangotemera.
Muyeso wa shuga wamagazi ungachitike kunyumba ndi glucometer.
Pakukayikira koyamba kwa zovuta za metabolic zomwe zimachitika m'thupi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Njira zotsatirazi zikuphatikizidwa pakuwunika (zomwe zimachitika mwatsatanetsatane zikusonyezedwa mabakitcha):
- kusala kudya kwa magazi (osapitirira 6.1 mmol / l);
- kusanthula kwa madzi am'magazi (7.0 mmol / l);
- kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated (mpaka 6.2%);
- mbiri ndi glucose (mpaka 7.8 mmol / l, kusungidwa kwa magazi mkati mwa maola 2 mutatha kudya chakudya, mu 75 g);
- kuyesa kwa mkodzo kwa acetone ndi glucose (negative).
Mu shuga mellitus, mawonekedwe a wodwala ndi apadera. Ndiwogwira komanso wowongolera mwachindunji pazithandizo zamankhwala. Endocrinologists amaika zofunikira kwambiri pakuphunzitsa wodwalayo njira zowongolera ndi kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuzindikira zofunikira zamankhwala kumachitika "m'masukulu a shuga." Hyperglycemia ndiye njira yofunika kwambiri yopezera zovuta komanso zovuta zovuta za matenda oopsa. Zimatengera wodwalayo momwe kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kamapangidwira, komanso, motero, mtundu wa moyo wake.