Hypoglycemia ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimawonetsera matenda a shuga, komanso limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi pang'onopang'ono.
Mwa amuna, chizindikiro ichi chili pansi pa 2,5-2.8 mmol / L, mwa akazi - pansipa 1.9-2.2 mmol / L, mwa mwana - pansipa 1.7-2.2 mmol / L.
Kodi chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia ndi chiyani, komanso kuwonetsa kwake kungayambitse zotsatira zake, komanso momwe mungapewere ndikusiya kukula kwake kuyenera kudziwika kwa iye mwini komanso abale ake.
Hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia: zinthu zonse zomwe zili zowopsa
Mkhalidwe wowopsa wa hypoglycemia umachitika ndi shuga yochepa m'magazi. Amayamba kukhala ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso athanzi.
Itha kupsinjika ndi chidwi chachikulu ndi insulin, kumwa mopitirira muyeso, kumwa mowa, kusowa kwa chakudya chifukwa chakudya, kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu, kutenga pakati.
Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2 amamva kwambiri shuga wotsika kuposa ana. Hyperglycemia, mosiyana ndi hypoglycemia, imadziwika ndi shuga wambiri.
Matendawa amawonedwa mu odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la endocrine. Choyambitsa chake ndikusowa kwa insulin. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mwa akhanda.
Poganizira kuti ndi chiopsezo chiti mthupi, muyenera kudziwa kuti hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia zimatha kufa.
Gulu la hypoglycemic syndrome
Mtsitsi ukayamba kufikira 3.5 mmol / L kapena kutsika, hypoglycemic cider imayamba.Itha kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mutatha kudya - hypoglycemia yogwira. Loyamba ndi lakuya komanso lalitali. Kutengera kuwuma kwa mawonekedwe awonetsedwe, mawonekedwe ofatsa komanso owopsa, hypoglycemic coma, amasiyanitsidwa.
Muzochita zachipatala, hypoglycemia ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi okhazikika, mtundu wapadera womwe umachitika mwa ana mpaka chaka.
Zimayambitsa ndi limagwirira a chitukuko
Hypoglycemia imatha kukhala ndi mtundu wabwinobwino wama glucose, ndi kuchepa kwake komanso kuwonjezereka kwa kudya.
Mwa zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemic, pali:
- bongo wa insulin kapena mankhwala ochepetsa shuga;
- mu / pakubweretsa mchere;
- kusowa kwa mahomoni mwa akazi m'masiku ovuta;
- zolimbitsa thupi;
- kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi komanso zakudya zopanda thanzi;
- kukhalapo kwa neoplasms mu chiwindi ndi adrenal cortex, sarcoma.
Pathogenesis ya hypoglycemic syndrome mwa akhanda omwe amayi awo ali ndi matenda a shuga amafotokozedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ake pa mwana wosabadwayo.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonekera kwa matendawa ndi kuzizira, kusowa kwa nkhokwe za glycogenic, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mwa ana osabadwa.
Machira ndi zizindikiro zina
Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia kumatha kukhala kowala kapena kuzimiririka, nthawi zina kulibe.
Kukhazikikaku kukuwonetsedwa ndi:
- khungu pakhungu;
- thukuta;
- kumva milomo m'milomo ndi zala;
- kuchuluka kwa mtima;
- kugwedezeka
- kufooka kwa minofu;
- kumverera kwa njala.
Chowonadi chakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga wafika pamlingo wovuta, ndipo kuyambika kwa hypoglycemic coma ndikotheka, kukuwoneka ndi mawonekedwe a mutu, chizungulire, mantha, zosayenera - malankhulidwe, zovuta zowonekera, kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka, kunjenjemera komanso kugwedezeka.
Mavuto ndi zotsatira za hypoglycemia
Aofatsa mawonekedwe a hypoglycemia limodzi ndi zosasangalatsa zomverera zomwe zimakhudza thanzi lathu, momwe timakhalira ndi magwiridwe antchito a matenda ashuga.
Ngozi ili m'kutayika kwa chiwonetsero cha zizindikiro zake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikire panthawi yake ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti ayime. Izi zimawonjezera mwayi wamavuto ndi kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe.
Ndi matenda othamanga, ma psychoses, khunyu, ubongo ndi mtima komanso vuto la mtima.
- kuletsa kwazidziwitso ntchito;
- encephalopathy, matenda a edema, dementia;
- arrhythmia, ischemia;
- kulephera kwaimpso;
- cataract, retinopathy, glaucoma;
- mitsempha
- matenda a zotumphukira ziwiya;
- hypoglycemic chikomokere.
Maselo angiopathy
Hyperglycemia yayikulu imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi - kuperewera kwawo kapena kufinya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azisokonekera.
Zida zam'mitima yamitima ndi m'munsi zimatha kugwidwa ndi angiopathy, yomwe imafotokozedwa ndi makina ambiri opanga.
Kutengera ndi ziwiya ziti zomwe zimakhudzidwa, zimatulutsa micro- ndi macroagniopathy, mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu, umakhala ndi magawo angapo, womwe umatsagana ndi zofanana ndi matenda azachipatala.
Njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika m'matumbo a miyendo sizimasintha ndipo zimayambitsa minofu necrosis ndikudula kwamiyendo. Kukula kwa matendawa kumatha kuchepetsedwa ngati mutazindikira kuti nthawi yake yayamba ndikuchiza.
Matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko
Kuchulukitsa kwamitsempha yamagazi chifukwa cha hypoglycemia ndi komwe kumapangitsa chitukuko cha ziwiya za mtima ndi ubongo, kukula kwa thrombosis.
Gulu lomwe likuika pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi anthu okalamba. Myocardial ischemia ndi imodzi mwamavuto oyamba omwe amabwera chifukwa cha vuto la hypoglycemic.
Kukumana ndi Hypoglycemic usiku ndizowopsa, popeza kuchepa kwa shuga kumachitika pakugona, pomwe wodwalayo sangathe kuwongolera zomwe zimachitika, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa vuto la mtima usiku. Kuopsa kwa sitiroko ndi hypoglycemia kumakulanso kwambiri.
Coma
Kutsika kwa shuga kupita ku 2.2 mmol / L kumapangitsa kukula kwa chikomokere. Ndi kuchepa msanga kwaminyewa ya shuga, matendawa amakula mwadzidzidzi komanso mwachangu, popanda otsogola.
Mawonetseredwe a kachipatala osonyeza hypoglycemic coma:
- khungu lonyowa;
- ana opukusidwa;
- lilime lonyowa;
- mawu akulu a minofu, kunjenjemera;
- wabwinobwino kapena pang'ono kukweza magazi;
- tachycardia;
- kupuma ndi kutentha ndizabwinobwino.
Ndikukhala kwakanthawi mdziko lino, komanso kuzama kwake, kupuma kumakhala kosaya, kumatha kukhetsa thukuta, kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, mawonekedwe a bradycardia, ndi mafupa am'mitsempha.
Imfa
Kutsika kwa shuga pang'onopang'ono kungayambitse imfa. Imfa ya hypoglycemia imapezeka mu 6% ya odwala matenda ashuga a 2. Kwambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa ndi stroke, arrhasmia, mtima.
Kodi ndi kuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali komwe kumatha kuyambitsa hypoglycemia?
Kutsitsa glucose pamlingo woyenera kumafuna chithandizo cham'tsogolo, apo ayi hypoglycemia yomwe imatenga nthawi yayitali imayambitsa njira zowonongera zosagwirizana ndi gawo lamkati lamanjenje.
Mawonetsero a Neuroglycopenic a mphamvu yamavuto amakumana ndi minyewa ya ubongo:
- mutu
- kukumbukira kwakasokonekera, malankhulidwe, mgwirizano wamachitidwe, masomphenya;
- kukokana
- kukomoka
- chikomokere.
Pambuyo kukhazikika kwa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, luso la kuzindikira kwa munthu wamkulu limabwezeretsedwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia - ndi chiyani?
Mkhalidwe wa posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia umayamba chifukwa cha kutsika kwakukulu kwa shuga.Zoterezi zimachitikanso kwa odwala omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi shuga wambiri - kuchokera 10 mmol / L, mwadzidzidzi kuti idagwa mwanjira wamba, mwachitsanzo, 5 mmol / L, ndipo thupi limawatenga ngati chiwopsezo chamoyo. Vutoli limadziwika ndi kusungunuka kwakutali kwa mahomoni omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa.
Kuchepetsa vutoli, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musasinthe mlingo wa insal insulin, kuwonjezera milingo ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin yayifupi, komanso kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga maola 2 aliwonse.
Thandizo loyamba komanso kukonzanso kwa shuga m'magazi
Matenda a hypoglycemic amapezeka makamaka mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga pogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wambiri wa insulin. Kumva zizindikiro za vuto, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Hypoglycemia yofatsa komanso yolimbitsa thupi imathetsedwa pakudzilamulira kwa shuga. Pofuna kuyimitsa mawonekedwe owopsa, majakisoni a shuga kapena glucagon adzafunika kwambiri.
Shuga yokhazikika imathandiza kuthana ndi vuto losavuta la hypoglycemic.
Chithanani mwachangu ndi izi zitha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kapena chakumwa chokoma, kuwonjezera apo, odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsidwa kuti abweretse mapiritsi a shuga.
Amayamba kuchita nthawi yomweyo, ochulukitsa shuga. Popewa kubwereza kwa hypoglycemic mobwerezabwereza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha insulin yomwe ilandilidwa, onjezerani ndi shuga pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo, kudya masangweji ndi buledi wa bulauni.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Pazomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira zopewera kuukira kwa hypoglycemia mu kanema:
Zowopsa za hypoglycemia zimazimiririka msanga ngati ziyimitsidwa molondola. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro zawo. Kudziwa momwe thupi limayankhira makamaka kutsika shuga m'magazi, sizingakhale zovuta kukwaniritsa. Kuchitapo kanthu moyenera kumathandizira kupewa zotsatira zoyipa.
