Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa komanso ovuta kuchiritsa. Mankhwala achikhalidwe amapereka njira zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, insulin, mankhwala azakudya.
Koma asayansi ena ndi madokotala ali okonzeka kuchoka njira zachikhalidwe. Amathandizira chithandizo cha matenda ashuga mwachangu, ndipo pali chidziwitso kuti chimakhala chosavuta kwa odwala.
Koma akatswiri alibe lingaliro lomveka bwino la njirayi. Osatengera izi, zimachokera ku zabwino kapena zoipa kwambiri. Kodi ndikoyesera, odwala ayenera kusankha okha. Koma, choyamba, muyenera kukambirana za kuthekera kwa chithandizo chotere ndi dokotala.
Kodi ndizotheka kufa ndi njala ndi mtundu 1 ndikulemba matenda ashuga 2 kapena ayi?
Mankhwala sangafulumire kuzindikira kuti ndi bwino kuchiza matenda a shuga mwanjira imeneyi, chifukwa kukana chakudya kumakhala kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwa thupi, ndipo nthendayi, kudwala nkhawa kwambiri sikovomerezeka.
Akatswiri pakuchiritsa mwachangu amalingalira ukadaulo wotere, koma ndi malire:
- mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga umatchedwa kuti insulin. Mkhalidwe wofananawo umayamba ndi kulephera kwakanthawi kapenanso kupangika kwathunthu kwa kapamba chifukwa cha kufa kwa maselo omwe amachititsa kuti (ma isch a Langerhans) azitha. Ndi mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga, kufa ndi njala sikomwe kumatheka, kumachitika mwadzidzidzi;
- mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umatchedwa insulin. Ndi iye, mahomoni ofunikira nthawi zina amapangidwa kwambiri. Koma ma cell sangathe kuyamwa glucose, ndipo ma carbohydrate amadziunjikira m'magazi a wodwalayo pomwe pali kuchepa mphamvu. Ndi matenda ashuga otere, kukonza zakudya, kutsitsa zakudya (mpaka kumaliza njala), zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi amapatsa zotsatira zabwino.
Ubwino wakusala kudya kwa odwala matenda ashuga
Ndi matenda a shuga a 2 komanso kusapezeka kwa ziwalo zina, mutha kuchepetsa shuga posala kudya. Koma madotolo amawona njirayi kukhala yovomerezeka pokhapokha ndikuyang'aniridwa mosamala.
Mukamadya, insulin imayamba kupangidwa mwachangu. Zimapatsa glucose zomwe zimachitika m'maselo, zimapatsa mphamvu minofu ya mthupi.
Ndikamadya pafupipafupi, njirayi imakhala yokhazikika, koma posala kudya, thupi limayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo osungirako kuti lipange mphamvu zopanda mphamvu. Malo osungira ndi glycogen komanso minofu yake ya adipose.
Kusala kumakupatsani mwayi:
- sinthani mawonetseredwe a matendawa;
- matenda kagayidwe;
- kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa thupi.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka pokhapokha ngati muli ndi njala nthawi yayitali.
Kodi njala imawoneka bwanji m'magazi akulu?
Ngati kapamba sangatulutse kuchuluka kwa insulini kapenanso kuti sangatulutse konse, maselo amalephera kuyamwa glucose, ndipo mphamvu zamagetsi zimachitika.Chidwi cha wodwalayo chimawonjezeka, kenako kumverera kwadzidzidzi kwamanjala.
Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhazikika ndipo sikudalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya. Ngakhale munthu asamadye chilichonse, zinthu zimangokulirapo mpaka atabayidwa ndi insulin.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndi matenda amtundu woyamba, chithandizo chamankhwala chosokoneza bongo chimapangidwa ndipo chimabweretsa zovuta zosasinthika. China chake ndi ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2.
Amatulutsa insulini, koma maselo sangathe kuyamwa glucose chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwamphamvu kwa timadzi timeneti. Zotsatira zake, shuga amakhalapo ndikuwunjikana m'magazi; mulingo wake umayamba kukwera pang'onopang'ono.
Munjira yachiwiri yamatendawa, kusala kudya ndi imodzi mwazakudya. Pankhaniyi:
- m'masiku oyamba, wodwalayo samadzimva bwino, shuga zake sizikhala chimodzimodzi;
- pafupifupi masiku 7-8 akusala kudya, vuto la acidotic lidzachitika (ngati munthu wachita kale mankhwala oterowo, ndiye kuti matupi a ketone ayamba kuonekera kale, pofika masiku 5-6);
- pambuyo pake shuga uyenera kukhazikika.
Njira iyi ndi phindu la kusala kudya, komwe kumakupatsani mphamvu yochepetsa shuga.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti chithandizo choterechi chizichitika nthawi ndi nthawi, pomwe kupewa zakudya kumayenera kukhala sabata ngakhale kuti vuto la asidi lipezeka. Maphunziro a tsiku limodzi sangapereke chilichonse.
Zotheka kusala kudya kwamtundu wa shuga 2:
- kulemera kwa thupi kumachepetsedwa;
- matumbo ndi kapamba zimatsitsidwa;
- voliyumu yam'mimba imachepetsedwa, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi woti muzidya zakudya zochepa mukatha kuthana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.
Mawonekedwe olakwika a kusala kudya shuga:
- pali chinthu chodetsa nkhawa thupi;
- chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha hypoglycemia;
- mulingo wa ma ketoni umakwera;
- pali fungo la acetone pakupuma;
- kukayikira kogwira ntchito.
Malamulo ochizira matenda ashuga mwachangu
Simuyenera kupanga chisankho pamenyedwe yanuyokha, adotolo ayenera kudziwa. Ndikofunika kuti wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa ndi namwino panthawi yonse ya chithandizo.
Ndizosatheka kuyambanso kulandira chithandizo mwachangu mwachangu. M'pofunika kuphunzitsidwa kuti mupewe kupsinjika:
- Masiku asanu ndi limodzi asanakwane kusala kudya, ndikofunikira kukana chakudya choyambira nyama, kupatula kudya maswiti ndi mowa;
- kuwonjezera kumwa kwa madzi okwanira malita 2-3 patsiku;
- Masiku 1-2 isanayambike mankhwala, muyenera kuyamba kuyeretsa matumbo mothandizidwa ndi enemas zingapo.
Pambuyo pokonzekera, amapita ndi njala. Wodwalayo akukana kwathunthu kudya, kuyesa kupondereza chilakolako chogonja komanso kuyesedwa kuti adye, apo ayi zonse zochita ndi zovuta zimakhala zopanda ntchito. Njala youma idaphatikizidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga, muyenera kumwa madzi.
Mphamvu ya kusala kudya imatheka pokhapokha kukana chakudya kwakanthawi. Nthawi imeneyi izikhala masiku osachepera 7-10 (masiku osachepera) komanso masiku 21 (kutalika). Mwa njira, kugona ndi kumwa madzi ambiri kumathandizira kuthana ndi njala.
Kodi mungatuluke bwanji kummero yanjala?
Ndikofunikira kutuluka panjira yosala kudya molondola komanso molondola:
- yambani kudya pang'ono komanso pang'ono. Ndi bwino kumwa timadziti tothiriridwa ndi madzi m'masiku oyamba;
- kupatula mchere ndi nyama zakudya, zakudya zomanga thupi kwambiri;
- onjezerani chakudya pang'onopang'ono.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kutuluka mummenyedwe yanjala kumatenga nthawi yochepa kuposa chithandizo chokha. Kuphwanya mkhalidwewu kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu.
Zopanda malire kwathunthu
Kuchiza ndi njala kumapangidwa kwathunthu m'magulu otsatirawa a odwala:
- omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1;
- ndi pathologies a mtima dongosolo;
- ndi matenda amisala ndi mitsempha;
- achinyamata;
- azimayi oyembekezera komanso oyembekezera.
Ndemanga za madotolo ndi odwala
Malingaliro a odwala matenda ashuga ndi madokotala ndi osiyanasiyana.Ena amazindikira phindu losatsutsika ndipo amalangizidwa mwanjira iyi kuchitira matendawa.
Ena amakana mwanjira imeneyi. Odwala ambiri omwe adziwona kuti achire achita yekha mankhwala amalankhula zabwino. Amati shuga amachepetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo sizovuta kwambiri kupirira mankhwala.
Madokotala amakhala osamala kwambiri ndi ndemanga. Koma aliyense akuvomereza kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atakambirana ndi pokhapokha atayeza mayeso athunthu.
Madokotala amanenanso kuti njira yonse yosala kudya ikuyenera kuchitika poyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri, ndikugogomezera kuti ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro onse kuti apewe mavuto.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Zokhudza kusala kudya ndi matenda a shuga a 2 omwe ali mu vidiyo:
Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika ndipo mwatsoka, matenda osachiritsika. Koma musataye mtima. Ngati mutsatira malamulo ndi malingaliro a madotolo, kuyezetsa pafupipafupi komanso kumwa mankhwala omwe amapatsidwa (insulin, Glucophage), mutha kuthana ndi matendawa ndikukhala ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana. Njala imathandizanso nthawi zina kuthetsa vutoli, koma osati kuchiritsa matendawa.
