Macroangiopathy mu shuga mellitus - zoyambitsa ndi njira zamankhwala

Matenda a shuga Macroangiopathy - mawu ophatikizira omwe atherosulinosis ya mitsempha yayikulu imamveka. Matenda a shuga amayambitsa kukula kwa matendawa, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Pankhaniyi, njira zama metabolic, kuphatikizapo mafuta kagayidwe, zimakhudzidwa. Izi zimabweretsa mapangidwe a atherosselotic zolembera pamitsempha yamitsempha. Choyamba, mtima, ubongo ndi miyendo zimavutika.

Zifukwa

Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimatsogolera pakukula kwa matenda awa:

• Kunenepa kwambiri;
• Zizolowezi zoyipa - kumwa ndi kusuta;
• Matenda oopsa
• Kukula kwa fibrillation ya atria;
• Kuchuluka magazi cholesterol;
• Zaka zopitilira 50;
• Makamaka.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Izi ndi monga:

• Hyperglycemia;
• Kuchuluka kwa insulin - chikhalidwe ichi chimatchedwa hyperinsulinemia;
• Zovuta zomwe zimachitika mu mahomoni - vutoli limatchedwa kukana insulini;
• Matenda a impso limodzi ndi matenda a shuga;
• Zambiri za matendawo.

Insulin imayambitsa mawonekedwe a cholesterol plaque ndi zidutswa za lipoprotein payekha. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwongolera makoma ochepa kapena chifukwa cha metabolidi ya lipid.

Kugawika ndi kuwonetsedwa pazachipatala

Matenda a shuga a shuga atha kukhala ndi njira zambiri zachitukuko. Mtundu uliwonse wamatenda amadziwika ndi zina.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamtima, kupezeka kwa angina pectoris kumawonedwa. Kuphwanya uku kumalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya njira zoperekera magazi. Imadziwonekera mu mawonekedwe a ululu mu sternum. Palinso chiopsezo chokhala ndi myocardial infarction komanso mtima wosalephera.

Njira zamtunduwu zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe:

1. Kukanikiza, kuwotcha, kupondereza kupweteka mdera la mtima ndi kumbuyo. Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, matendawo amatuluka pokhapokha atachita zolimbitsa thupi. Pomwe akukula, kusapeza bwino kumakhalapo m'malo opanda phokoso ngakhale atatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la nitrate.
2. Kupuma pang'ono. Poyamba, imawonedwa pokhapokha katundu, kenako pamtunda.
3. Kutupa kwamiyendo.
4. Kuwonongeka kwa mtima.
5. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi.
6. Kuvulala kwamtima. Izi matenda nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mu shuga. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa ulusi wamanjenje.

Kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamafuta zimatchedwa cerebrovascular pathology. Ndi chitukuko chake, mawonekedwe otere amawonekera:

1. Mutu.
2. Kuzindikira kwa ndende.
3. Chizungulire
4. Kuchepetsa kukumbukira.
5. Stroko Pansi pa mawuwa tikumvetsetsa kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa magazi, komwe kumakhudza kumwalira kwina.

Matenda ashuga macroangiopathy a malekezero a m'munsi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe:

1. Ululu m'miyendo.
2. Zilonda zam'mimba. Akawoneka, umphumphu wa khungu umakhala wopanda pake.
3. Lameness.
4. Imfa ya minofu yofewa. Vuto lanjala likayamba, mwendo umakhala wakuda ndipo umataya zonse ntchito.

Njira zochizira

Cholinga cha chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa zovuta zochokera m'matumbo, zomwe zingayambitse kulemala kwa wodwala kapena kufa. Mfundo yayikulu yothandizira mankhwalawa ndikukonzanso koteroko:

• Hypercoagulation;
• Hyperglycemia;
• Matenda oopsa;
• Dyslipidemia.

Kupititsa patsogolo mkhalidwe wa munthu, mankhwala ochepetsa lipid ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Izi zikuphatikiza ma fibrate, ma statins, antioxidants. Chosafunika kwenikweni ndi kusunga kwa chakudya, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuletsa kudya nyama.

Pokhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira za thromboembolic, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito antiplatelet agents. Izi zimaphatikizapo heparin ndi pentoxifylline. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka acetylsalicylic acid.

Chithandizo cha antihypertensive chodziwitsa izi zimachitika kuti zitheke ndikukhalabe ndi nkhawa. Iyenera kukhalabe pamlingo wa 130/85 mm RT. Art. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, ACE inhibitors, Captopril, amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mufunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito diuretics - furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide. Odwala omwe anali ndi vuto loyambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo amapatsidwa beta-blockers. Izi zimaphatikizapo atenolol.

Chithandizo cha trophic zilonda zam'mphepete ziyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Pazowopsa zam'mitsempha, chisamaliro chachikulu chimaperekedwa. Ngati pali umboni, opaleshoni ingachitike.

Mavuto

Kuopseza kwa macroangiopathy kumanenedweratu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Chiwopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha zovuta zamtunduwu ndi 35-75%. Mu theka la milandu, imfa imachitika chifukwa cha kulowerera kwa myocardial.

Chidziwitso chosavomerezeka ndi pamene magawo atatu a mtima - ubongo, miyendo, ndi mtima - zimakhudzidwa nthawi yomweyo. Zoposa theka la ntchito zonse zodulidwira m'munsi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndendende ndi macroangiopathy.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa phazi, zolakwika zazilonda zimawonedwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupangika kwa phazi la matenda ashuga. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa ulusi wamitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi ndi minofu yamafupa, necrosis imawonedwa ndipo njira za purulent zimawonekera.

Maonekedwe a zilonda zam'miyendo ya m'miyendo yakumbuyo kumachitika chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwamitsempha yama miyendo. Malo omwe ali pangozi kwambiri ndi chala chachikulu.

Ululu ndi kuwoneka kwa odwala matenda ashuga samawoneka wambiri. Koma umboni ukawonekera, si bwino kuchedwetsa opareshoni. Ngakhale kuchedwetsa pang'ono kumakhala ndi machiritso a mabala okhalitsa. Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuchita mobwerezabwereza kuchitapo kanthu.

Njira zopewera

Pofuna kupewa kuwoneka kwa matenda amenewa, malingaliro ambiri akuyenera kuonedwa:

1. Chitani mankhwala ashuga panthawi yake;
2. Tsatirani zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizapo zoletsa zama protein, zakudya, mchere ndi zakudya zamafuta;
3. Sinthani kulemera kwa thupi;
4. Pewani kusuta ndi kumwa;
5. Chitani zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe sizipangitsa kuti maonekedwe a angina pectoris;
6. Tsiku lililonse, yendani mpweya wabwino;
7. Fotokozerani zamphamvu za lipid - kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
8. Chitani zotsatira zamphamvu za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - chizindikiro ichi chimayezedwa kamodzi patsiku.

Kukula kwa macroangiopathy mu matenda ashuga kumachitika kawirikawiri. Izi ndizowopsa zomwe zimawonekera ndikuwoneka zazotsatira zowopsa komanso zimatha kupha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita nawo kupewa, ndipo ngati zizindikiro zikuwoneka, pitani kuchipatala msanga.