Kuyesedwa kwa glucose ndi maphunziro apadera omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone momwe amapangidwira kapamba. Zomwe zimapangidwira mpaka amazindikira kuti mtundu wina wa glucose umalowetsedwa m'thupi ndipo patatha maola awiri magazi amatengedwa kuti awunikenso. Mayesowa amathanso kutchedwa mayeso okweza shuga, shuga, GTT, komanso GNT.
M'matumba aanthu, timapangidwa timadzi tambiri tomwe timapanga insulin, timene timatha kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuchepetsa. Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti 80 kapena 90% ya maselo onse a beta angakhudzidwe.
Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumakhala pakamwa komanso kulowa mkati, ndipo mtundu wachiwiri ndi wosowa kwambiri.
Ndani akuwonetsedwa mayeso a shuga?
Chiyeso chololera cha glucose cholimbana ndi shuga chikuyenera kuchitika mwachizolowezi komanso m'magazi a glucose. Izi ndizofunikira posiyanitsa matenda a shuga komanso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Matendawa amatchedwanso prediabetes.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa glucose kumatha kulembedwa kwa iwo omwe nthawi ina anali ndi hyperglycemia panthawi yamavuto, mwachitsanzo, kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko, chibayo. GTT idzachitika pokhapokha ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda.
Ponena za miyambo, chizindikiritso chabwino pamimba yopanda kanthu chidzachokera pa 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mamililita pa lita imodzi yamwazi wa munthu, kuphatikiza. Ngati zotsatira za mayeserowo ndi zapamwamba kuposa mamililita 5.6, pamenepo tikhala tikulankhula za kuthamanga kwa glycemia, ndipo chifukwa cha 6.1, matenda a shuga amakula.
Kodi kulabadira mwapadera?
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zomwe zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer sizikhala zowonetsera. Amatha kupereka zotsatira zoyenera, ndipo amalimbikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati amathandizidwa ndi matenda ashuga kuti azitha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa gluu m'magazi a wodwala.
Tisaiwale kuti zitsanzo zamagazi zimachitika kuchokera m'mitsempha ndi chala nthawi yomweyo, komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mukatha kudya, shuga amaphatikizidwa bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwake mpaka milili 2.
Kuyesaku ndi kuyesa kwakukulu chifukwa chake kumalimbikitsidwa kuti musamapange popanda chofunikira.
Kwa iye kuyesedwa kumayesedwa
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoyeserera kulolerana kwa shuga ndi izi:
- woopsa ambiri;
- yotupa njira mu thupi;
- kuphwanya zakudya kudya pambuyo opaleshoni pamimba;
- zilonda zam'mimba ndi matenda a Crohn;
- m'mimba lakuthwa;
- kuchuluka kwa kukokana kwa hemorrhagic, matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima;
- zolakwika ntchito yachilengedwe chiwindi;
- kudya kosakwanira kwa magnesium ndi potaziyamu;
- kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa steroids ndi glucocorticosteroids;
- piritsi zoletsa;
- Matenda a Cushing;
- hyperthyroidism;
- kulandila kwa beta-blockers;
- acromegaly;
- pheochromocytoma;
- kutenga phenytoin;
- thiazide okodzetsa;
- kugwiritsa ntchito acetazolamide.
Momwe mungakonzekerere thupi kuti lithe mayeso apamwamba a glucose?
Kuti zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa glucose zikhale zolondola, ndikofunikira pasadakhale, monga masiku angapo zisanachitike, kudya zakudya zokha zomwe zimadziwika ndi gawo labwinobwino kapena lokwera la chakudya.
Tikuyankhula za chakudya momwe zinthu zawo zimachokera ku magalamu 150 kapena kuposerapo. Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa musanayesedwe, izi zingakhale zovuta kwambiri, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimakhala chizindikiro chotsika kwambiri cha shuga la wodwala.
Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi masiku atatu kafukufukuyu asanakonzekere, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikunalimbikitsidwe: kulera kwapakamwa, thiazide diuretics, ndi glucocorticosteroids. Osachepera maola 15 GTT isanachitike, simuyenera kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndikudya chakudya.
Kodi amayesedwa bwanji?
Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa shuga kumachitika m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Komanso, musasute ndudu musanayesedwe komanso kumapeto kwake.
Choyamba, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha ya ulnar pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo ayenera kumwa magalamu 75 a shuga, omwe kale amasungunuka m'mililita 300 yamadzi oyera opanda mpweya. Madzi onse amayenera kudyedwa mu mphindi 5.
Ngati tikulankhula za maphunziro a ubwana, ndiye kuti mu nkhani iyi glucose amadzaza pa magalamu 1.75 pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa mwana, ndipo muyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa ana ndi kotani. Ngati kulemera kwake kukuposa makilogalamu 43, ndiye kuti muyezo wa munthu wamkulu ndi wofunikira.
Magazi a glucose adzafunika kuyezedwa theka lililonse la ola kuti asadutse misempha ya magazi. Nthawi iliyonse, msinkhu wake suyenera kupitirira mamililita 10.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti panthawi yoyesedwa kwa glucose, zolimbitsa thupi zilizonse zimawonetsedwa, osati kungonama kapena kukhala pamalo amodzi.
Chifukwa chiyani mutha kupeza zotsatira zolakwika?
Zinthu zotsatirazi zingadzetse zotsatirapo zabodza:
- kuyamwa kwa shuga m'magazi;
- kudziletsa kotheratu kwa chakudya m'magulu oyeserera;
- kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.
Zotsatira zabodza zitha kupezeka ngati:
- kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali kwa wodwalayo;
- chifukwa cha pastel mode.
Kodi zotsatira za kuyesa kwa shuga zimawunikidwa bwanji?
Malinga ndi World Health Organisation mu 1999, zotsatira zomwe kuyesedwa kwa glucose kochitika pamaziko a ziwonetsero zamagazi athunthu ndi:
18 mg / dl = 1 mamilimita pa 1 lita imodzi ya magazi,
100 mg / dl = 1 g / l = 5.6 mmol,
dl = decilita = 0,1 l.
Pamimba yopanda kanthu:
- zomwe zidzapendeketsedwe: zochepa zosakwana 5.6 mmol / l (zosakwana 100 mg / dl);
- glycemia wosokoneza: kuyambira pa chizindikiro cha mamiliyoni 5.6 mpaka 6.0 (kuchokera 100 mpaka ochepera 110 mg / dL);
- Kwa odwala matenda ashuga: chizolowezi ndichoposa 6.1 mmol / l (kuposa 110 mg / dl).
Maola 2 atatha shuga:
- zofananira: mamilimita osakwana 7.8 (osakwana 140 mg / dl);
- kulekerera kwapakati: kuchokera pamlingo wa 7.8 mpaka 10,9 mmol (kuyambira pa 140 mpaka 199 mg / dl);
- matenda ashuga: oposa mamilimita 11 (okulirapo kapena ofanana ndi 200 mg / dl).
Mukakhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kuchokera pamwazi womwe umatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha ya kubala, pamimba yopanda kanthu, zizindikirozo zidzakhala zofanana, ndipo patatha maola awiri chiwerengerochi chidzakhala 6.7-9.9 mmol pa lita.
Mayeso okonzekera kubereka
Chiyeso chololeza shuga chofotokozedwacho chisokonezedwa molakwika ndi omwe amachitidwa mwa amayi apakati munthawi yama sabata 24 mpaka 28. Amasankhidwa ndi dokotala wazachipatala kuti azindikire zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga omwe ali nawo amayi apakati. Kuphatikiza apo, kuzindikira koteroko kungalimbikitsidwe ndi endocrinologist.
Muzochita zachipatala, pali njira zingapo zoyesera: ola limodzi, maola awiri ndi amodzi omwe amapangidwira maola atatu. Ngati tizingolankhula za zizindikiro zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pakumwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti izi zidzakhala zochepera kuposa 5.0.
Ngati mayi yemwe ali ndi matendawa ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti muzochita zakezo mulankhula za iye:
- pambuyo pa ola limodzi - zochulukirapo kapena zofanana ndi mamilimita 10.5;
- pambuyo pa maola 2 - oposa 9.2 mmol / l;
- itatha maola atatu - ochulukirapo kapena wofanana ndi 8.
Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa m'malo mwake mwana ali m'mimba amakhala ndi katundu wambiri, makamaka, kapamba wake. Komanso, aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi funso loti matenda ashuwere amatengera.
