Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amayenera kupita ku ophthalmologist pafupipafupi kuti apewe mavuto amawonedwe. Kupezeka kwamphamvu kwa shuga (shuga) m'magazi kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amaso oyambitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga. M'malo mwake, nthendayi ndiyomwe yayambitsa chifukwa chomwe kutayika kwamunthu kumakhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 75 zaka.
Pamaso pa matenda a shuga ndi vuto ladzidzidzi ndi maso (mawonekedwe a chifunga), simuyenera kupita kuchipatala chamtunduwu kukagula magalasi. Vutoli limatha kukhala kwakanthawi, ndipo lingayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Shuga wambiri m'magazi a shuga angayambitse edema ya lens, yomwe imakhudza kuthekera kuwona bwino. Kuti abweretse kuwona m'magawo ake oyamba, wodwalayo ayenera kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe ayenera kukhala 90-130 mg / dl musanadye, ndipo mphindi 1-2 atatha kudya, ayenera kukhala osakwana 180 mg / dl (5-7.2 mmol / l ndi 10 mmol / l, motsatana).
Wodwala akangophunzira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuwona kumayamba kuyambiranso. Zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu kuti muchiritse bwino.
Kuwona kolakwika m'matenda a shuga kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto lina lamaso - lalikulu kwambiri. Nayi mitundu itatu yamatenda amaso omwe amachitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga:
- Matenda a shuga a retinopathy.
- Glaucoma
- Mphaka
Matenda a shuga a retinopathy
Gulu la maselo apadera omwe amasintha kuwala komwe kumadutsa mu mandala kupita kujambulani amatchedwa retina. Mitsempha ya m'maso kapena ya m'maso imafikitsa mauthenga ku ubongo.
Matenda a shuga a retinopathy amatanthauza zovuta zamtundu wamatenda (zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zovuta za mitsempha yamagazi) zomwe zimachitika mu matenda a shuga.
Chotupa chamtunduwu chimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazing'ono ndipo chimatchedwa microangiopathy. Microangiopathies imaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya diabetes komanso matenda a impso.
Ngati mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi yawonongeka, matendawa amatchedwa macroangiopathy ndipo amaphatikizanso matenda oopsa monga stroko ndi myocardial infarction.
Maphunziro ambiri azachipatala atsimikizira kuyanjana kwa shuga wambiri ndi microangiopathy. Chifukwa chake, vutoli litha kuthetsedwa ndikupangitsa matenda a shuga m'magazi.
Matenda a shuga a shuga ndi omwe amayambitsa khungu. Kutalika kwa shuga kwa nthawi yayitali ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a retinopathy. Munthu akadwala nthawi yayitali, amakhala ndi mwayi wokulirapo.
Ngati retinopathy sazindikira mu nthawi yake ndipo chithandizo sichinayambike nthawi, izi zitha kuchititsa khungu lonse.
Retinopathy mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amakhala osowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amadziwonekera pambuyo pa kutha msinkhu.
Mu zaka zisanu zoyambirira za matenda ashuga, retinopathy samakonda kukhala achikulire. Ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga okha chomwe chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa retinal chimawonjezeka.
Zofunika! Kuwunikira tsiku lililonse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepetsa kwambiri ngozi ya retinopathy. Kafukufuku wambiri mwa odwala matenda ashuga a 1 awonetsa kuti odwala omwe adakwaniritsa kuwongolera shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulin komanso jakisoni wa insulin adachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi nephropathy, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, komanso retinopathy ndi 50-75%.
Ma pathologies onsewa ndi okhudzana ndi microangiapathy. Odwala a shuga a Type 2 nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto am'maso akapezeka. Kuti muchepetse kukula kwa retinopathy ndikuletsa ma ocular pathologies, muyenera kuyang'anira nthawi zonse:
- shuga
- cholesterol mulingo;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
Mitundu ya matenda ashuga a retinopathy
Retinopathy maziko
Nthawi zina, mitsempha yamagazi ikawonongeka, palibe kusokonezeka kowoneka. Matendawa amatchedwa back retinopathy. Magazi a shuga m'magazi pano amafunika kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa kukula kwa maziko a retinopathy ndi matenda ena amaso.
Maculopathy
Mu gawo la maculopathy, wodwala amawonongeka m'malo ovuta kwambiri otchedwa macula.
Chifukwa chakuti kusokonezeka kumachitika pamalo ovuta, omwe ali ofunikira kwambiri pakuwona, ntchito yamaso imatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.
Proliferative retinopathy
Ndi mtundu wamtunduwu wa retinopathy, mitsempha yatsopano yamagazi imayamba kuwonekera kumbuyo kwa diso.
Chifukwa chakuti retinopathy ndi zovuta zamatenda a shuga, mtundu wowonjezereka wa matendawa umayamba chifukwa chosowa oxygen m'mitsempha yamaaso yowonongeka.
Zombozi zimayamba kuchepa ndikuyamba kukonzanso.
Mphaka
Mphaka ndimtambo kapena wakuda wa mandala omwe, ukakhala wathanzi, ndiwowonekera bwino. Mothandizidwa ndi mandala, munthu amawona ndikuyang'ana chithunzicho. Ngakhale kuti chikhodzodzo chimatha kukhala mwa munthu wathanzi, odwala matenda ashuga, mavuto omwewo amachitika kale, ngakhale paunyamata.
Ndi chitukuko cha matenda a shuga a m'magazi, diso la wodwalayo silitha kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuwona. Zizindikiro za matenda am'mimba m'mimba ndi matenda a shuga:
- mawonekedwe osawala;
- masomphenya osalala.
Nthawi zambiri, kuthandizira kwamatumbo kumapangitsa kuti ma ndimu agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi chodzala. M'tsogolomu, kukonza masomphenya pamakhala kufunika kwamalensi kapena magalasi.
Glaucoma wa matenda ashuga
Mu shuga mellitus, kukhetsa kwachilengedwe kwamadzi amadzimadzi kumayima. Chifukwa chake, amadziunjikira ndikuwonjezera kukakamira mkati mwa diso.
Izi zimatchedwa glaucoma. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawononga mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha ya diso, ndikupangitsa kuwonongeka kwamaso.
Pali mtundu wina wa glaucoma wodziwika bwino, womwe ndi asymptomatic mpaka nthawi inayake.
Izi zimachitika mpaka matendawa atakula. Ndipo pali kale kutayika kwakukulu kwa masomphenya.
Nthawi zambiri glaucoma imakhala ndi:
- kupweteka m'maso;
- kupweteka mutu;
- lacrimation;
- masomphenya osalala;
- halos mozungulira zozungulira;
- kutayika kotheratu kwamawonedwe.
Mankhwala a matenda a shuga a glaucoma akhoza kukhala ndi izi:
- kumwa mankhwala;
- kugwiritsa ntchito madontho amaso;
- njira za laser;
- opaleshoni, matenda a maso.
Mavuto akulu amaso ndi matenda ashuga amatha kupewetsa kupenyerera pachaka ndi ophthalmologist chaka chino.
