Hypothyroidism mu nyama ndi matenda omwe amakula pomwe chithokomiro cha chithokomiro sichipanga mahomoni okwanira. Madzi a chithokomiro cha chithokomiro amaphatikizapo triiodothyronine (T3) ndi thyroxine (T4).
Ngati kuchepa kwa mahomoni awa kumachitika, ndiye kuti kagayidwe mu agalu ndi amphaka amachedwa kwambiri. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa ndikuti mu agalu kapena amphaka, muzzle amapeza mawu achisoni.
Zimayambitsa hypothyroidism
Monga lamulo, hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imakhudza agalu, nthawi zambiri amphaka. Komabe, pakadali pano sizinapezeke kuti ndiye chibadwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Komabe, hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri imawonekera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu monga:
- Mbusa waku Scottish;
- airedale;
- pood
- Boxer;
- ChiPomeranian
- cocker spaniel;
- Mbusa Wachingelezi;
- dachshund;
- Schnauzer
- Doberman
- Setter wa ku Ireland
- Dane Wabwino
- Wopeza Wagolide.
Kwenikweni, matendawa amakula zaka 5-8 moyo waminyama, ndipo msinkhu wokhazikitsidwa ndi zaka 4-10. Matendawa amathanso kukhudza chiweto chilichonse. Koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti agalu kapena amphaka othamangitsidwa amakhala pachiwopsezo cha hypothyroidism.
Pathophysiology ya mapangidwe a hypothyroidism mu agalu
Hypothyroidism ya pulayimale, ndiko kuti, yopezeka, imawonedwa mu 90% ya agalu. Komanso, lymphocytic chithokomiro, njira yotupa yomwe imachitika ndikutenga kwa ma lymphocyte mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, amathandizira kuchitika. Chifukwa ichi chikuwoneka mu 50% ya nyama.
Hypothyroidism yomwe idatengeka imapangidwa chifukwa cha idiopathic follicular atrophy mu 50% ya agalu. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pali mankhwala othana ndi T4 ndi T3 m'magazi a nyama. Koma ma antibodies ofanana amatha kupezeka mu euthyroid, nyama zabwinobwino mu 13 mpaka 40% ya milandu.
Zina zomwe sizingawonekere matendawa ndi monga kuperewera kwa ayodini m'zakudya ndi kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro.
Tcherani khutu! Amphaka, hypothyroidism imakhala idiopathic kwambiri; imachitika chifukwa cha radiotherapy kapena atachotsa gland.
Hypothyroidism yachiwiri mu agalu imapangidwa chifukwa:
- kusokonezeka mu kapangidwe ka mahomoni opatsa chithokomiro;
- chifukwa cha matenda;
- chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a chotupa pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Mtundu wachiwiri womwe wapezeka ndi hypothyroidism suchitika m'mphaka ndi agalu. Matendawa amatha kupangidwa chifukwa chophwanya kapangidwe ka pituitary gland ya thyrethropin (TSH) kapena mahomoni opatsirana a chithokomiro, omwe amachititsa kuti chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chizipanga T4 ndi T3.
Kuphatikiza apo, secretion ya thyrotropin imalepheretsedwa ndi chakudya chopanda malire, glucocorticoids ndi matenda ena okhudzana nawo. Chifukwa chake, pamene mulingo wa glucocorticoids amakhala wofanana, kupanga TSH kumathandizidwanso.
Tertiary hypothyroidism, yomwe imatha kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa chotseka kutulutsa kwa thyrotiberin ndi hypothalamus kapena chithokomiro chotsitsa cha thyrotropin, sichinalembepo mpaka pano.
Congenital hypothyroidism mwa nyama imayamba chifukwa cha cretinism, chifukwa mahomoni opangidwa ndi gland amafunikira kupanga kwachilengedwe kwa dongosolo lamkati lamanjenje ndi mafupa. Komanso, milandu ya kusowa kapena kufalikira kwa chithokomiro, kufooka kwa ayodini kapena kuperewera kwa mahomoni kulembedwa.
Congenital yachiwiri hypothyroidism, monga lamulo, imachitika mwa abusa aku Germany omwe ali ndi hypothalamus wopitilira - panhypopituitarism.
Komanso, kusowa kobadwa nako pakupanga kwa hypothalamus ndi mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro (lotini) kumadziwika mu risenschnauzers. Ndipo kutupa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Ndi machitidwe ndi ziwalo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi hypothyroidism mu nyama
Paphwando, veterinarian amakhazikitsa zizindikiro monga:
- thermophilic;
- ulesi;
- tsankho;
- kufooka
- kubwerezabwereza matenda a pakhungu;
- dementia
- Hyperpigmentation;
- kulemera;
- dandruff;
- molt wamphamvu;
- malaya owuma, owuma;
- kukula kwa tsitsi.
Zizindikiro zina zosowa kwambiri ndi kusabereka, malaise, kukokana, kumeta mutu ndi kudina mtima.
Zizindikiro zonse zimayamba pang'onopang'ono.
Popeza hypothyroidism imachitika mwadongosolo, zowonjezera thupi zimatha kuwonongeka nthawi imodzi.
Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zoonekeratu zitha kuonedwa ndi:
- diso;
- dongosolo la excretory;
- mantha dongosolo;
- khungu
- dongosolo la mahomoni;
- m'mimba thirakiti;
- mtima dongosolo;
- dongosolo la endocrine;
- kubereka ndi neuro-minofu dongosolo.
Zomwe zimatha kupezeka poyesa agalu a hypothyroidism
M'magalu ndi amphaka, alopecia wamagulu awiri amawonedwa. Nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro, dazi limakhudza mbali, madera okangana (m'mimba, m'khosi, pakhosi), makutu ndi mchira. Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, makonde amatha kukhala asymmetric ndi multifocal.
Madazi sikuti nthawi zonse amayenda ndi kuyabwa, ngati kulibe matenda achiwonetsero kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa kuyamwa. Poterepa, ubweya umatulukira popanda kuyesetsa kwambiri.
Komanso, pakuwunika, veterinarian amapeza zizindikiro monga kusinthika bwino kwa minofu ndikuwonongeka pang'ono kwa minofu ndi mafuta kapena seborrhea yowuma, yomwe imatha kukhala multifocal, general kapena wamba. Komanso, khungu la nyama limatha kukhala lotakasuka, lozizira, lowonda, malaya amtundu wowoneka bwino, kukhala otupa, osalala, owuma.
Kuphatikiza apo, agalu kapena amphaka amatha kuwona zizindikiro za myxedema ndi nkhope yachisoni. Hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation ndi kukhazikika kwa khungu m'dera la mafinya kumawonedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, veterinarian amatha kudziwa pyoderma (nthawi zambiri zowonjezera, zochepa kwambiri) komanso media ya otitis.
Zizindikiro zofala
Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndizophatikiza hypothermia, ulesi, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kuchepa kwa thupi. Kuchokera kumbali ya mtima, bradycardia, kupuma kofowoka kwapafupipafupi komanso kupatsa chidwi nthawi zambiri kumadziwika. Ndipo zizindikiro zakulera ndi izi:
- kuwonongeka kwa ma testicles ndikuchepetsa libido m'm zingwe;
- kusabereka
- kusapanga bwino mkaka pa mkaka wa m'mawere;
- kusowa kwa estrus (elongated anestrus) m'zitali.
Zowopsa
Kusunthika kungakulitse kwambiri mwayi wa hypothyroidism. Komanso, chiwopsezo chikuwonjezeka pambuyo pochotsa chithokomiro mu chithokomiro cha hyperthyroidism.
Kuyesa kwamikodzo ndi magazi
Mu milandu 80%, pali zambiri za cholesterol mumtsinje wamagazi, kuchuluka kwa triglycerides ndikuwonjezera ntchito ya creatinine kinase. Mu theka la milandu, osabwezeretsanso a standardocytic anemia a digiri yoyamba amapezeka.
Kuyang'anira odwala
Mankhwala atayamba, kusintha kwathanzi la nyama kumawonedwa pamasiku 7 mpaka 7. Mkhalidwe wa chovala ndi khungu limayenda bwino pakatha miyezi 1.5-2. Ngati palibe chabwino chomwe chachitika, veterinarian ayenera kuunikanso matendawo.
Panthawi yowunikira, yomwe ili pamasabata a 8 a mankhwala, adokotala amawunika kuchuluka kwa seramu ya T4. Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa T4 m'magazi pambuyo pakupanga L-thyroxine umatheka pambuyo pa maola 4-8.
Ndikofunikira kuti chisonyezo chisanayambike ndalama chinali chabwinobwino. Ngati mankhwala atakhazikitsidwa, mulingo wovomerezeka, pamaso pa oyang'anira, ndendeyo inali yotsika, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oyenera kumayenera kuchuluka.
Ngati zonsezo zikutsitsidwa, ndiye kuti izi zikusonyeza:
- Mlingo wosayenera;
- mwiniwake sapereka mankhwala kwa ziweto zake;
- malabsorption m'matumbo;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ocheperako (atha ntchito, kusungidwa mosayenera).
Ma antibodies oyenda bwino ku T3 ndi T4 nthawi zambiri amasokoneza mawerengedwa olondola a kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Muzochitika izi, veterinarian amagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe azachipatala kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.
Njira zopewera, zovuta ndi matenda
Popewa, ndikofunikira kuwunika nthawi ndi nthawi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kuti matenda asayambenso matenda. Mankhwalawa ndi amoyo wonse.
Mavuto amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo a L-thyroxine:
- tachyarrhythmia;
- kusakhazikika;
- kutsegula m'mimba
- polyuria;
- kuwonda
- polydipsia.
Kwa amphaka akuluakulu ndi agalu omwe amakhala ndi hypothyroidism yoyambira ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera mankhwala othandizira, matendawa ndi abwino. Chifukwa chake, gawo la moyo wa nyama silikuchepa.
Pankhani ya tertiary kapena yachiwiri hypothyroidism, kudaliraku sikumavomereza, popeza chidziwitsochi chikuwonekera mu ubongo. Ndi matenda obadwa nawo matendawa, matendawa amakhalanso osavomerezeka.
Chithandizo
Therapy pakalibe myxedema chikomokota chimatha. Ndikaphunzitsidwa bwino ndi mwiniwake wa nyama, hypothyroidism mu agalu ndi amphaka imakhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino. Ndipo kuwonjezera nthawi yamoyo wodwala, kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zofunika! Panthawi yamankhwala, zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimayenera kupewedwa.
Ponena za kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, amatha kusiyanasiyana ndikusankhidwa payekha. Chifukwa chake, kupenda pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi ndikutsimikizira kuchira kwachipambano ndi njira ya matendawa. Kuyankha kwa thupi ku chithandizo kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake, pakuwunika kwathunthu zotsatira zake, miyezi itatu ndiyofunikira.
Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu mu ma metabolic a anthu ndi nyama, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kwa agalu ndi amphaka ndizosiyana kwambiri.
Opaleshoni ya hypothyroidism sagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chithandizo cha hypothyroidism
Pochiza matendawa, levothyroxine sodium (L-thyroxine) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo woyambirira ndi 0.02-0.04 mg / kg / tsiku. Komanso, mankhwalawa amawerengedwa potengera kulemera kwa nyama kapena mphaka potengera magawo a thupi - 0,5 mg pa 1 m2 patsiku awiri waukulu.
Monga lamulo, kuti mupeze boma lokhazikika, mankhwalawa amatengedwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.
Contraindication
Palibe choletsa kugwiritsa ntchito levothyroxine sodium.
Machenjezo
Matenda a shuga m'magalu kapena amphaka, kapena matenda a mtima - matenda omwe muyenera kuchepetsa mlingo woyambira wa mankhwalawa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya kagayidwe kachakudya. Ndipo asanayambe mankhwala ndi L-thyroxine, veterinarian amati adrenocorticoids kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypoadrenocorticism (ofanana).
Zochita Zamankhwala
Kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala omwe amachepetsa mphamvu yomanga mapuloteni a Whey (fentoin, salicylates, glucocorticoids) amafunika kusintha pamlingo wotsatira wa L-thyroxine pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi kapena mobwerezabwereza.
Analogi
Njira zina zimaphatikizira triiodothyronine. Komabe, amawerengedwa kwambiri kawirikawiri, chifukwa mankhwalawo amathandizira kuti iatrogenic hyperthyroidism ikhale ndi moyo wocheperako.
