Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amadziwonetsa mu zovuta zazikulu za metabolic mwa anthu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zonse za mkati ndi kachitidwe ka wodwalayo zisamayende bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zowopsa.
Makamaka omwe amadwala kwambiri matendawa ndi thanzi la khungu, lomwe limatsogolera kukula kwa matenda oopsa ngati dermatitis. Amayamba chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zambiri zoyipa zizipezeka m'thupi lonse, kuphatikizapo khungu.
Zinthu izi zimasokoneza kapangidwe kake ka khungu, kumapangitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa khungu ndi khungu, komanso kusokoneza tsitsi ndi thukuta la thukuta. Kuphatikizidwa ndi polyneuropathy (kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yopita kumapeto), ma micro- ndi macroangiopathies (necrosis ya zotumphukira za mtima) komanso kuwonongeka kwa chitetezo chamthupi, amakhala chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda akhungu.
Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kudziwa chilichonse pazomwe dermatitis imayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi chithandizo cha matendawa komanso kupewa.
Mitundu ya Dermatitis
Zadziwika kuti dermatitis ndi matenda a shuga zimayenderana kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a dermatitis ndiye chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda a shuga. M'magawo oyamba a shuga, imatha kuwoneka ngati khungu lowuma komanso kuyimitsidwa nthawi zonse, komanso kubwerezabwereza kwamatenda amtundu wa khungu monga candidiasis ndi pyoderma.
Kuwoneka kwa dermatitis mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kale kungawonetse kuwonjezeka kwa matendawa kapena chithandizo chosankhidwa bwino. Pakadali pano, khungu la wodwalayo limakhala loyipa kwambiri komanso lothina, limasuluka kwambiri, ndipo ming'alu ndi chimanga chambiri zimatha kupezeka m'dera la manja ndi manja.
Dermatitis nthawi zambiri imakhudza khungu, ndikupangitsa kuti tsitsi lipere. Kuphatikiza apo, zimakhudza mkhalidwe wa misomali, zimapangitsa kusokonekera kwawo ndikukula.
Dermatitis mu matenda a shuga amagawika m'magulu atatu:
- Poyamba. Amapangidwa molumikizana ndi kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya zam'mimba komanso kuphwanya kwa zotumphukira zamagetsi ndi kuzungulira kwa machitidwe. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda a shuga, matenda ashuga xanthomatosis, lipoid necrobiosis ndi matuza a matenda ashuga.
- Sekondale Mitundu iyi ya dermatitis imayamba chifukwa chotenga kachilombo ka fungus kapena bacteria. Pakati pawo, candidiasis, pyoderma, zithupsa, carbuncle ndi phlegmon ndizodziwika bwino,
- Thupi lawo siligwirizana komanso mbali. Izi dermatitis amapezeka wodwala mu mawonekedwe a zoyipa kapena matupi awo sagwirizana ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga. kotero zitha kukhala zosakanikirana ndi matenda ashuga.
Awa ndimomwe zimachitika modabwitsa, urticaria, toxidermia, post-jakisoni lipodystrophy.
Zizindikiro
Neurodermatitis. Vuto lotupa la khungu limatha kuwonedwa mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ngakhale koyambirira kwamatenda. Neurodermatitis kapena, monga amatchedwanso, dermatitis ya atopic, nthawi zambiri imakhala imodzi mwazizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amathandizira kudziwa matenda a shuga, omwe amapezeka mwanjira yatsopano.
Ndi neurodermatitis, munthu amakhala ndi kuyabwa kwambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'mimba, m'matumbo, m'matako, matako ndi m'miyendo. Pankhaniyi, munthu amakumana ndi kuyabwa kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa matenda. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga, amayamba kutha.
Matenda a diabetes. Matendawa amawonekera mu mawonekedwe a mawanga owala a pinki, omwe amapangidwira m'malo otseguka khungu, monga nkhope, khosi ndi manja. Erythema nthawi zambiri amakhudza amuna azaka zapakati (azaka 40 ndi akulu) omwe amadwala matenda ashuga kwakanthawi kochepa.
Mawonekedwe a Erythematous, monga lamulo, ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso malire omveka. Ndi matenda awa, wodwalayo samva ululu kapena kuwawa. Nthawi zina, odwala amatha kudandaula kuti akumva khungu pang'ono.
Matenda a pakhungu awa amadziwika ndi njira yayifupi, osapitilira masiku 2-3. Pambuyo pake imadutsa yokha popanda chithandizo chapadera.
Bacteria matenda. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amatulutsa pyoderma - purulent kutupa kwa khungu chifukwa cha pyococci, staphylococci ndi streptococci. Poyamba, imadziwoneka ngati totupa, yopangidwa ndi zotupa zochepa.
Mothandizidwa ndi matendawa, wodwalayo amatha kupeza zilonda zamkati kwambiri, monga folliculitis, hydradenitis, furunculosis ndi carbunculosis. Zinthu ngati izi ndizowopsa kwa odwala matenda a shuga komanso zitha kukhala zowopsa m'moyo wa wodwala.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zotupa za m'mimba mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga zimachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo zimachitika ndi kuledzera kwamthupi. Zilonda zam'miyendo zamiyendo ndizowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa zimatha kutsitsa dzanja.
Thupi lawo siligwirizana. Nthawi zambiri mwa odwala matenda ashuga, mitundu yambiri ya khungu imayang'aniridwa, zomwe zimachitika mthupi kumankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mayankho a insulin. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndimatenda osiyanasiyana omwe sagwirizana, koma kuphatikiza kwa matenda monga uritisaria ndi matenda a shuga kumakhala kofala kwambiri.
Urticaria imawoneka ngati zotupa, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi kukula kuchokera mamilimita angapo mpaka masentimita angapo. Urticaria imadziwika ndi kufiira kwambiri kwa khungu komanso kuyabwa kwambiri.
Urticaria mu matenda a shuga, omwe chithunzi chawo chili m'nkhaniyi, atha kutenga kanthawi kochepa komanso kupitirira milungu ingapo ngakhale miyezi ingapo.
Chithandizo
Maziko a chithandizo cha dermatitis iliyonse mu shuga amachepetsa shuga la magazi ndikusunga mkati mwazotheka. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azitsatira zakudya zapadera zochizira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusiyanitsidwa kwathunthu ndi zakudya zonse zamafuta ndi mafuta ambiri.
Pakatha masiku ochepa chotsatira chakudyachi, wodwalayo amamva bwino kwambiri: kuyimitsidwa kwake kudzachepa, malo a zotupa amatsika, khungu limaleka kusungunuka komanso kukhala ndi thanzi komanso kusakhazikika. Kuyabwa nthawi zina kumachitika mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga pamalo oyandikira, koma ichi ndi chiwonetsero china.
Chithandizo cha neurodermatitis - chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a corticosteroid, omwe amathandizanso kuyimitsidwa ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi matendawa mwachangu. Mu matenda ashuga, mafuta awa otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino:
- Prednisone;
- Dermozolone;
- Chimfine.
Pofuna kuthana ndi urticaria, wodwalayo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito antihistamines, yomwe imapezeka onse ngati mafuta ndi mapiritsi. Othandizira kwambiri a anti-allergic ndi:
- Claritin;
- Zirtek;
- Semprek;
- Telline;
- Erius.
Ndikofunikira kuchiza matenda a pyoderma ndi shuga. Matendawa, musatero muyenera kunyowetsa khungu lanu chifukwa khungu limatha kukula.
Ndikofunika kusamala ndikukhala ndiukhondo ndikusamba m'manja ndi sopo nthawi zambiri. Thupi liyeneranso kukhala loyera ndikupukutidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chinkhupule chonyowa choviikidwa m'madzi ofunda. Makanda athanzi kuzungulira chotupa amayenera kuthandizidwa pafupipafupi ndi njira zotsatirazi antiseptic:
- 0,5% yamchere yothetsera wa potaziyamu permanganate;
- 1 - 2% mowa yankho la salicylic acid;
- 1 - 2% mowa yankho la boric acid.
Kuthana ndi zotupa za purulent nokha, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bactericidal othandizira monga:
- Fucortsin;
- Yankho la methylene buluu;
- Yabwino kubiriwira yankho;
- Mowa yankho la chlorophyllipt.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonekera kwa dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi khungu, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a antibacterial:
- Hyoxyzone;
- Lincomycin;
- Erythromycin;
- Ichthyol;
- Mafuta a Vishnevsky.
Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma pastes okhala ndi antibacterial, omwe ndi lincomycin kapena erythromycin.
Ngati chithandizo cham'deralo cha pyoderma sichinapereke zotsatira zomwe zikufuna ndipo vuto la wodwalayo liyayamba kuwonongeka, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa antibacterial. Pachifukwa ichi, kukonzekera kwa maantibayotiki kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kumatha kumwa onse pakamwa komanso ngati jakisoni wa intramuscular.
Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pochizira zotupa za pak purifya zimaperekedwa ndi mankhwala a gulu lawo la macrolide, omwe ndi:
- Lincomycin;
- Cephalosporin.
Kuonjezera kukana kwa thupi kwa wodwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muthe kutenga ma immunomodulators omwe cholinga chake ndi kuthana ndi pyococci, staphylococci ndi streptococci:
- y-globulin;
- Staphylococcal toxoid;
- Antifagin.
Pakulimbitsa thupi, makonzedwe amakono a multivitamin angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Njira zingapo zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la dermatitis zimawonetsedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
