Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachepetsa chilakolako cha chakudya, kumakupatsani mphamvu yochepetsera thupi ndi njira za metabolic momwe zimakhalira.
Odwala ambiri amadandaula chifukwa cholakalaka kwambiri matenda ashuga. Koma musanadziwe njira yochepetsera njala, muyenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi vuto la kugona kwambiri komanso matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amawonjezereka.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti kukulira kudya kwa shuga kumawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa matendawa. Wodwala amamva njala yam'mawa kwambiri, ngakhale madzulo atadya chakudya chochuluka.
Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti wodwalayo ali ndi kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya. Pankhaniyi, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa, wodwalayo sayenera kutembenukira kwa akatswiri azakudya zam'mano, koma kwa endocrinologist. Ili ndiye vuto lakuthupi, osati la malingaliro, momwe likuwonekera kwa ambiri.
Chifukwa chake, tsopano zadziwika kuti zitha kuchepetsa chidwi cha matenda ashuga pokhapokha ngati zingatheke kubwezeretsanso mphamvu ya mamolekyulu am'magazi kulowa m'maselo a thupi lonse, chifukwa ndikofunikira kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Pali njira zingapo zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuchepetsa chidwi cha odwala. Zachidziwikire, izi ndi insulin. Koma pali vuto lina lomwe liyamba, zikuwonekeratu kuti chakudya chochuluka chomwe wodwala akadya, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayenera kutengedwa ndi iye. Ndipo komabe, jakisoni sangathe kupirira shuga wambiri, ndipo thanzi, m'malo mwake, limakula kwambiri mwachangu.
Chomwe chimapangitsa izi kukhala chonchi ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kwathunthu kumalepheretsa kulowa kwa chinthuchizigawo zam'mimba. Zotsatira zake, thupi sililandira mphamvu zokwanira ndipo limatumizanso chilimbikitso kuubongo wanjala. Wodwalayo amadzimva kuti akusowa chakudya ndipo amakakamizidwanso kumeza chakudya chambiri chochulukirapo.
Ngati mungatembenukire kwa dokotala waluso, iye amafulumira kufunsa funso lakudya. Aliyense amadziwa kuti matenda ashuga nthawi zonse samakhazikitsidwa pambuyo pake mwa anthu. Nthawi zambiri, pagawo loyamba, munthu samadzimva zina zowonjezera kupatula njala ndi ludzu. Ndipo atayamba kudwala matendawo, amapita kwa dokotala kuti amuthandize.
Ndipo akayamba kupita kwa endocrinologist, amakhala ndi chidwi ndi chidwi cha wodwala. Mwa njira, chowonadi china chomwe chikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga amawerengedwa kuti ndikuti ndikumangokhala ndi njala ndikudya chakudya chochuluka, kulemera kwa munthu kumathandizidwabe. Koma, zoona, ichi ndi chizindikiro chosadziwika.
Kulakalaka kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe zilipo za matendawa, nthawi zonse muyenera kupimidwa ndikufotokozeranso kupezeka kwa matendawa.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, munthu wathanzi, chakudya chonse chomwe amadya chimalowa m'maselo. Zowona, izi zisanachitike, zimasanduka shuga. Mu matenda a shuga, amasinthanso kukhala shuga, amangokhala m'magazi. Izi ndichifukwa chakusowa kwa mahomoni monga insulin. Ndipo iye, amapangidwa ndi kapamba.
Glucose ndi mtundu wamafuta m'maselo onse amthupi la munthu. Chifukwa chake, ngati sichilowa m'maselo amenewa, samalandira zakudya zokwanira ndipo munthu amatopa. Thupi limapitilizabe kufuna michere yama cell ndipo palinso kumverera kwanjala.
Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti musamachepetse kumverera kwa njala, koma kuti mupatse thupi insulin. Ndipamene izi zimachitika kuti glucose ayambe kulowa m'maselo ndipo amalimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu zofunikira komanso mphamvu. Kumva njala kosalekeza kumayamba kudutsa pang'ono.
Koma sikuti nthawi zonse insulin imathandiza. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina pamakhala ma cell omwe sazindikira insulin. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri shuga ikalipidwa.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti shuga wambiri m'magazi angayambitse vuto monga hyperglycemia. Ndipo zimatha kudwala wodwala chikomokere.
Pali mankhwala apadera a odwala matenda ashuga omwe amachepetsa chilakolako cha kudya. Koma ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi endocrinologist ndipo pokhapokha mutayang'ana wodwalayo kwathunthu.
Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala apadera, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ena omwe akuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2.
Ponena za mankhwalawa omwe amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, awa nthawi zambiri amakhala mankhwala apiritsi, mwachitsanzo, Siofir kapena Metformin.
Koma, zoona, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti ngakhale ndi malingaliro otsatirawa, shuga akhoza kukulira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist, komanso kudziyimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha izi, pali zida zapadera zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowerengera kunyumba.
Izi zimafuna:
- Sinthani kulemera (muyenera kuyesera kuti muchepetse kulemera konse komwe mumakhala ndikuyesa kuyika pamlingo woyenera);
- Tsitsani shuga wambiri (komanso sungani mulingo woyenera);
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kuchepa thupi kuyenera kuwonjezereka ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse);
- Kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulini (pankhaniyi, zidzakhala zotheka kusintha njira yomwe imayendetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose ndi maselo);
- Chotsani m'zakudya zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (imayambitsa spikes lakuthwa mu shuga).
Ambiri ali ndi chidaliro kuti odwala matenda a shuga amayamba kulemera panthawi yochepa kwambiri. Koma awa ndi malingaliro olakwika. Ngakhale anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kuchira msanga komanso kuchepetsa thupi nthawi yomweyo. Koma nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi zonse, mulibe zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse thupi.
Dokotala wokhazikika pambuyo pofufuzidwa kwathunthu ndi omwe angalimbikitse momwe mungachepetse thupi komanso momwe mungachepetsere chilimbikitso. Ndi zoletsedwa mwamphamvu kudzipata moyenera komanso kutsatira zakudya zilizonse.
Kutsika kwa chidwi cha matenda ashuga kumachitika pambuyo poti malingaliro angapo a chithandizo cha endocrinologist akutsatiridwa, ndipo kuphatikiza zakudya zina muzakudya ndi imodzi mwalangizo. Zitha m'malo mwa insulin yomwe ikusowa, zinthu monga:
- Masamba onse omwe ndi obiriwira.
- Mafuta opindika.
- Garlic.
- Soya.
- Zidamera tirigu.
- Mkaka (koma mbuzi yokha).
- Brussels imamera.
- Sea kale wa mtundu 2 shuga.
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu izi siziyenera kudyedwa osati ndi kulemera kochulukirapo, komanso kuchepa kwakanthawi. Kupatula apo, ndi chowonadi monga kuchuluka kwakukonda ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa gawo lachiwiri la matenda ashuga. Aliyense amene wakumana ndi vuto ngati kuwonda kwambiri ayenera kusintha zakudya zina. Chakudya chimayenera kudyedwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono kasanu, kapenanso kasanu patsiku.
Ngati kulemera kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu azinthu zonse azikhala mafuta.
Koma, monga zadziwika kale, odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli omwe atchulidwa kale sangakhale ochepa kwambiri, koma, nawonso, onenepa kwambiri.
Ngati tikulankhula za momwe mungathanirane ndi kunenepa kwambiri mu shuga, ndiye choyamba muyenera kuchepetsa kulakalaka kwanu. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi muyenera kusintha mtundu wa glucose m'magazi.
Pofuna kupewa zoterezi, muyenera kusiyiratu ndi zakudya zonse zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu komanso zopatsa mphamvu. Izi ndi monga:
- mayonesi;
- zopaka mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ambiri azinyama;
- nyama zamafuta;
- nsomba
- mafuta, etc.
Muyenera kumwa mankhwala nthawi zonse omwe amachepetsa shuga, ndipo insulin, m'malo mwake, imawonjezeka.
Komabe tsatirani malingaliro pazokonzekera zamalonda. Tiyerekeze, ngati tikulankhula za nkhuku, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchotsa kaye khungu.
Akatswiri azakudya amakulangizani kuti musiyiretu mafuta a masamba. Pankhaniyi, ndikwabwino kukometsa saladi ndi mandimu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe ndikugwiritsa ntchito kefir yamafuta ochepa kapena yogurt yopanda mafuta.
Inde, pamene gawo la shuga limakulirakulira, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti wodwala azidya zakudya zotere.
Choyipa chachikulu ndi chakuti, odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba amalolera, koma omwe akudwala matenda amtundu wachiwiri ndiosavuta kale kuleketsa kudya zakudya zina.
Pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamagulu ochepa a odwala matenda ashuga, akatswiri odziwa za zakudya amalimbikitsa njira zina zamankhwala zothandiza kuchepetsa njala. Mankhwala onse omwe alipo pacholinga ichi akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- DPP-4 zoletsa;
- Chromium chithunzi;
- GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu la DPP-4 inhibitors komanso gulu la agonists a GLP-1 receptors amatsitsa bwino shuga ya wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Mitundu ya mankhwalawa imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsa maselo a pancreatic ndikuchepetsa chilakolako cha wodwala. Mphamvu yolimbikitsira maselo a beta imathandizira kukula kwamisempha yamagazi. Kuchepa kwa shuga mthupi kumachepetsa kudwala.
Mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu la DPP-4 zoletsa akuphatikizapo:
- Januvius;
- Onglinase;
- Galvus.
Madokotala akuphatikiza mankhwalawa otsatila ku gulu la GLP-1 receptor agonists:
- Baeta;
- Victoza.
Mankhwala a Agonist amachita dala thupi, kuchepetsa chilimbikitso ndi kudalira chakudya.
Mankhwala okhudzana ndi pulogalamu ya insretin amathandizira kuchepetsa kulakalaka pang'onopang'ono njira yochotsa matenda am'mimba mutatha kudya.
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika pomwa mankhwalawa ndikumverera kwamseru. Kuti muchepetse kusapeza bwino mukamamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kumwa nawo mosakhazikika. Kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mlingo kumathandiza wodwala kuti azolowere kumwa mankhwala.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa kusanza ndi kupweteka m'mimba, komanso kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa, kumatha kuchitika ngati mbali imodzi. Komabe, mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa ch kumwa mankhwalawa sapezeka.
Kumwa mankhwala aretretin amaperekedwa molumikizana ndi Siofor. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kunenepa. Kumwa mankhwala kungapangitse kusintha kwa Siofor pa thupi la wodwala wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
Kulimbitsa mphamvu yamankhwala kumapangitsa kuti kuchepetsedwa kuyamba kwa insulin kuchiritsa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa komanso onenepa kwambiri ayenera kukumbukira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse amaloledwa malinga ndi madokotala omwe amapezekapo, ndipo mankhwalawo ayenera kuchitika mosamala malinga ndi malangizo omwe adalandira kuchokera kwa a londolo ndi endocrinologist.
Mukasintha zakudya, muyenera kukumbukira kuti kusowa kudya kumakhudzanso mkhalidwe wa thupi ndi kulemera kwake.
Ndi njira yolumikizirana yoletsa kumverera kwa njala, munthu atha kukwaniritsa zotsatirapo zabwino, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kubweretsa kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi kukhala labwinobwino kapena chikhalidwe chomwe chiri pafupi kwambiri ndi nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yolumikizirana yanjala yokwanira imatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zimasintha matchulidwe, omwe mu malingaliro awo amakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe chathupi.
Mu kanema munkhaniyi, malingaliro a zakudya zoyenera zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga amachepetsa.
